1999年长乐筹东土壤氡气变化特征分析

分析了1999年长乐筹东土壤氡气（土氡）变化特征，认为4-6月该测点土氡异常特征与9月21日的台湾南投Ms7.6级地震有关，7-9月的测值变化是由于降雨过多引起，并介绍了9月下旬后该测点的土氡变化特征。     

首都圈地区中等地震前小震活动异常特征分析

近年来首都圈地区以中等地震活动为主，本文用反映地震频率、能量、平均震级的基本参量如频率、缺震、断层总面积、地震活动度等研究该区中等地震前的活动性异常特征，发现这些异常对1999－2001年首都圈地区的中等地震有较好的对应关系，当同时出现三项低值异常后，有震预后准确率较高。这些方法对首都圈地区中等地震的短期预报有重要作用，2001年12月28日滦县M14．2级地震就是用该方法在震前做了较成功的预测。由于参量指标与地震间的映震效果具有一定的阶段性和区域性，需要用发展变化的眼光，时刻跟踪并不断调整改进所使用的参量指标，才能更好地捕获地震信息。     

昌平地震台地温前兆特征分析

介绍了昌平地震台地温测点的基本情况及地温正常变化特征。分析了该测点记到的一些地震前的地地温异常变化特征。自１９９５年以来该测点观测到１１次异常,其中有９次与发生在该台附近（３００ｋｍ范围内）的地震相对应,有２次异常没有对应地震。距离该测点较近的地震的异常形态为趋势下降－回升型;距离该测点较远的地震的异常形态为跳型,震前异常幅度越大,平静时间越长,未来地震的震级越大,反之则小,以分为间隔的测值的异常     

台湾南投7．6级地震与浙江省地倾斜异常特征分析

总结了1999－09－21台湾7．6级大震前浙江省地倾斜异常特征。并结合预报过程进行的分析。认为这些前净异常应属台湾9．21大震引起。这对识别分析今后该区域出现同类型的前兆登记处，为地震时空强预测提供了重要的参考依据。     

怀来断层气CO_2监测及张北-尚义地震的短临预报

初步总结了怀来后郝窑测点自开展断层气ＣＯ２观测以来所获得的中强以上地震的震例。重点介绍了１９９８年１月１０日张北－尚义地震前后该测点断层气ＣＯ２的变化特征及对该地震的短临预报。对利用该测点断层气ＣＯ２单点预报地震三要素及其有关问题进行了初步的讨论     

1990年10月20日甘肃天祝—景泰6.2级地震前兆异常的综合研究

本文论述了１９９０年１０月２０日甘肃天祝－景泰６．２级地震前兆异常的时空分布特征，并用几种综合预报方法对该地震进行追溯性预报，获得了较了满意的结果。     

怀来断层气CO2监测及张北—尚光地城的短临预报

初步总结了怀来后郝窑测点自开展断层气ＣＯ２预测以来所获得的中强以上的地震的震例。重点介绍了１９９８年１月１０日张北－尚义地震前后该测点断层气ＣＯ２的变化特征对该地震的短临预报。对利用该测点断层气ＣＯ２单点预报地震三要素及其有关问题进行了初步的探讨。     

流动重力测量结果及其与地震的关系

对兰州－天水－武都地区重力网1991－1999年9期复测的重力资料进行了对比分析。结合地质构造分析了重力场变化与永登5．8级和宕昌3．9级地震的关系。结果表明，这2次地震前后，靠近震中的测点的重力值有明显变化。     

青藏块体东北缘断层气体异常与地震的关系

本文研究了青藏块体东北缘４个测点断层气体的异常变化与地震活动的关系。１９９２年－１９９３年各测点断层气组分普遍出现异常，主要表现为测值突跳、上升变化，各测点及各组份异常有明显的同步性特征。本文着重介绍了１９９３年１０月２６日托来６．０级地震前多观测点断层气体的异常情况。最后，本文还对断层气体的场效应作了初步探讨。     

天祝—景泰6.2级地震的地形变异常特征

本文总结了１９９０年天祝－景泰６．２级地震前地壳形变异常特征，发现这次地震并未发生在地壳垂直运动最强烈的地方，而是在其边缘。至于断层形变，则随测点与震中关系的不同表现出不同的特征。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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