Research on experiment and calculation of foam bursting device

This research presents experimental data on mechanical foam bursting device,based on the high speed of air fluid impinging insidethe foam bursting device,foam bubbles disrupted as a consequence of pressures changed very quickly as shear force and their impact forces.Experimental data on foam-bursting capacity have been presented.Designed device can provide effective foam bursting on collapse foam.     

Parameters affect foaming and foam stability during foam drilling

The authors presented indoor practice experiments of parameters affect on foaming and foam stability. Experiments were carried out and special equipments were used to determine foaming and foam stability; tests were tabulated and charted. The effects of chemical and physical parameters on foaming and foam stability have been conducted.     

Parameters affect foaming and foam stability during foam drilling

The authors presented indoor practice experiments of parameters affect on foaming and foam stability. Experiments were carried out and special equipments were used to determine foaming and foam stability; tests were tabulated and charted. The effects of chemical and physical parameters on foaming and foam stability have been conducted.     

Research and development on foam breaking and recycling technology in air-foam drilling

In recent years, air-foam combining the advantages of both liquid and air drilling has been utilized as a drilling medium. Air-foam drilling has proved its efficiency in numerous situations where serious problems were encountered, such as in fractured formations and depleted or high permeable zones. However, the major disadvantage of air-foam drilling system is that the foam can only be used once, so that an extremely large pit is required to contain the foam to allow sufficient room for cuttings and for the foam to dissipate. Moreover, it needs enormous volume prepared, consuming abundance of water and ingredient additives, which results in the high cost of foam drilling. The recycling foam fluid by using foam breaking technology is the only effective method to solve these problems associated with the known foam drilling. Various types of equipment and technique have been employed to suppress foam formation in biological and process equipment in foam drilling. The study described various methods of foam breaking technology, and the trend of the foam breaking technology for foam drilling is discussed.     

Research and development on foam breaking and recycling technology in air-foam drilling

In recent years, air-foam combining the advantages of both liquid and air drilling has been utilized as a drilling medium. Air-foam drilling has proved its efficiency in numerous situations where serious problems were encountered, such as in fractured formations and depleted or high permeable zones. However, the major disadvantage of air-foam drilling system is that the foam can only be used once, so that an extremely large pit is required to contain the foam to allow sufficient room for cuttings and for the foam to dissipate. Moreover, it needs enormous volume prepared, consuming abundance of water and ingredient additives, which results in the high cost of foam drilling. The recycling foam fluid by using foam breaking technology is the only effective method to solve these problems associated with the known foam drilling. Various types of equipment and technique have been employed to suppress foam formation in biological and process equipment in foam drilling. The study described various methods of foam breaking technology, and the trend of the foam breaking technology for foam drilling is discussed.     

非混相泡沫段塞细分层注水关键技术

油藏储层内药剂吸附有效性和泡沫细分层注水长段塞连续注入方式容易导致气窜和吸液剖面反转,影响整体措施效果,采用目标油田油砂填制模型,考察药剂动态吸附后再生能力和泡沫综合性能,分析泡沫小段塞间隔注入和长段塞连续注入分流增产效果.结果表明:在多孔介质吸附后,不同药剂再生能力和泡沫综合性能下降,但随着驱替体积增大有效性逐步增强;泡沫小段塞间隔注入好于泡沫大段塞连续注入方式.渤海SZ36-1油田非混相泡沫段塞细分层注水单井试注表明,泡沫小段塞间隔注入比长段塞连续注入方式日增油提高23m3,日降水率提高2.6%,累计增油提高1.72×104 m3,有效期提高7个月以上,进一步验证泡沫小段塞间隔注入的技术优势.     

稠油蒸气—泡沫驱不同油藏区域流体的流变特征

针对稠油蒸气-泡沫驱蒸气腔驱油区泡沫油体系、热水冷凝区热水油体系,通过模拟实际油藏温度压力条件,利用高温高压流变仪,在0～600s-1剪切速率范围内,研究蒸气相饱和度、泡沫剂质量分数、温度和蒸气干度对泡沫油体系流变特征的影响;在0～100s-1剪切速率范围内,研究热水相饱和度、泡沫剂质量分数和温度对热水油体系流变特征的影响.结果表明,泡沫油体系和热水油体系均为假塑性流体,可用幂律模型来描述,并且随着蒸气相饱和度和泡沫剂质量分数升高,泡沫油体系非牛顿性增强;随着温度和蒸气干度增大,泡沫油体系越接近为牛顿流体;随着热水相饱和度和温度升高,热水油体系越接近为牛顿流体;随着泡沫剂质量分数增加,热水油体系非牛顿性增强.     

氮气泡沫体系封堵性能评价方法

为了优选良好储层适应性起泡剂及评价注入参数和封堵性能,通过实验静态评价泡沫高度最高、持续时间最长、表面张力最低的起泡剂.模拟真实储层环境,采用动态方法优选泡沫气液比、起泡剂质量分数、注入参数和在多孔介质中生成泡沫的封堵有效期,其中气液比对储层压力比较敏感,优选时需要设置回压;质量分数优选可以在无回压的条件下进行.结果表明:氮气泡沫在多孔介质中的封堵有效期远大于在体相中的有效期.采用静态和动态相结合的方法对氮气泡沫封堵性能进行评价是合理的,可以为矿场应用提供指导.     

泡塑吸附痕量钨钼铌钽锑铼研究

研究了泡塑在三种介质中对钨、钼、铌、钽、锑、铼的吸附行为。试验表明：介质、络离子类型与性质及其变化决定了泡塑吸附定量、动力学特性及其机理，并由此建立了可供分析实践的几种泡塑吸附体系。     

Study on preventing frost heave methods for highway foundation in seasonal frozen area

In order to resolve the frost-heave problem of highway foundation, firstly, the author discussed the law to frost heave of highway roadbed and gave an analysis on its influencing factors, such as soil, water and temperature. Meanwhile, sand clay and silt are given a classification according to frost heave ratio. Secondly, the roadbed frozen damage shows to frost heave and froze boiling based on the frost heave law and its influencing factors. In addition, taking some highway as an example and some principle suggestion was given through the theory on providing frostbite methods for highway foundation frost heave in seasonal frozen area. Specially, an effective method, STYROFOAM extruded polystyrene foam was introduced.     

Study on preventing frost heave methods for highway foundation in seasonal frozen area

In order to resolve the frost-heave problem of highway foundation,firstly,the author discussed the law to frost heave of highway roadbed and gave an analysis on its influencing factors,such as soil,water and temperature.Meanwhile,sand clay and silt are given a classification according to frost heave ratio.Secondly,the roadbed frozen damage shows to frost heave and froze boiling based on the frost heave law and its influencing factors.In addition,taking some highway as an example and some principle suggestion was given through the theory on providing frostbite methods for highway foundation frost heave in seasonal frozen area.Specially,an effective method,STYROFOAM extruded polystyrene foam was introduced.     

Brightness Temperature Model of Sea Foam Layer at L-band

Permittivity of a sea foam layer is very important in investigating ocean brightness temperature model. At microwave frequency, the Rayleigh method is developed to estimate the effective permittivity of the sea foam layer. To simplify the tedious calculation of sea foam effective permittivity at L band(1.4 GHz), Pade’ approximation is adopted to fit the sea foam effective permittivity computed by the Rayleigh method. With this fitting formula, a new brightness temperature model of sea foam layer defined by certain geophysical parameters, such as air volume fraction(AVF), sea surface temperature(SST), sea surface salinity(SSS) and thickness of foam layer d, is given. Furthermore, the sensitivities of the brightness temperature model to SST, SSS, d and AVF of a sea foam layer at L band are discussed. The sensitivities are ranked from most to least in the order:(1) d;(2) AVF;(3) SSS;(4) SST. This result indicates that the measurement errors of d and AVF have significant impacts on the retrievals of SSS and SST. With the experimental brightness temperature data, the SSS and AFV are retrieved by cost function.     

利用灰色关联度进行煤层底板突水危险性综合评价的研究与应用

煤层底板水害一直是困扰煤矿安全生产的重要问题之一,选择合理准确的评价方法对煤层底板突水危险性进行评价,对于指导煤矿安全生产有着重要意义。灰色关联度分析法以数据序列为研究对象,现实求各个方案与由最佳指标组成的理想方案的关联系数,再由关联系数得到关联度的方法。将灰色关联度分析法应用到煤层底板突水危险性评价中,建立评价单元与参考序列之间的灰色关联度矩阵,通过引入权重的方式,改进邓氏灰色关联度的计算方法,以保证得到的最终综合评价结果更为准确。     

脆弱性指数法在百色煤矿突水危险性评价中的应用

为了对煤田矿井所受突水威胁作出科学合理的评价,以广西百色煤田右江矿务局为例,在详细分析研究区水文地质特征的基础上,确定了影响矿井突水的8个主控因素,运用层次分析法在处理存在不确定因素或一些主观信息问题方面的优势并利用GIS的强大空间信息处理和分析功能,采用基于GIS的AHP型脆弱性指数法对研究区内矿井突水脆弱性进行了评价。     

基于NewMap的三维地下管线系统的设计与实现

为实现城市地下管线的高效管理与维护,以New Map Server与New Map World为基础平台,采用三层体系架构与模块化功能设计,建设基于Web的城市三维地下管线信息管理系统。该系统具有海量数据的存储与管理、空间查询统计与量测、周边检测、爆管分析、缓冲区分析、横断面分析、覆土深度分析、连通分析、流向分析等强大功能,为地下管线信息化建设以及智慧城市建设提供参考。     

A catastrophic debris flow in the Wenchuan Earthquake area,July 2013: characteristics,formation, and risk reduction

In the Wenchuan Earthquake area,many co-seismic landslides formed blocking-dams in debris flow channels. This blocking and bursting of landslide dams amplifies the debris flow scale and results in severe catastrophes. The catastrophic debris flow that occurred in Qipan gully(Wenchuan,Southwest China) on July 11,2013 was caused by intense rainfall and upstream cascading bursting of landslide dams. To gain an understanding of the processes of dam bursting and subsequent debris flow scale amplification effect,we attempted to estimate the bursting debris flow peak discharges along the main gully and analyzed the scale amplification process. The results showed that the antecedent and triggering rainfalls for 11 July debris flow event were 88.0 mm and 21.6 mm,respectively. The event highlights the fact that lower rainfall intensity can trigger debris flows after the earthquake. Calculations of the debris flow peak discharge showed that the peak discharges after the dams-bursting were 1.17–1.69 times greater than the upstream peak discharge. The peak discharge at the gully outlet reached 2553 m~3/s which was amplified by 4.76 times in comparison with the initial peak discharge in the upstream. To mitigate debris flow disasters,a new drainage channel with a trapezoidal V-shaped cross section was proposed. The characteristic lengths(h1 and h2) under optimal hydraulic conditions were calculated as 4.50 m and 0.90 m,respectively.     

Method for predicting cuttings transport using artificial neural networks in foam drilling

Foam is used widely in underbalanced drilling for oil and gas exploration to improve well perfor-mance.Accurate prediction of the cutting transport and pressure loss in the foam drilling is an important way to prevent stuck pipe,lost circulation and to increase the rate of penetration(ROP).In foam drilling,the cuttings transport quality may be defined in terms of cuttings consistency and downhole pressure loss,which are controlled by many factors.Therefore,it is very difficult to establish the mathematical equation that reflects nonlinear relationship among various factors.The field and experimental measurements of these parameters are time consuming and costly.In this study,the authors suggest a cuttings transport mathematical modeling using BPN(back propagation network),RBFN(radial basis function network)and GRNN(general regression neural network)based on various experiment data of cuttings transport of previous researchers and compared the result with experiment data.Results of this study show that the GRNN has a correlation coefficient of 0.99962 and an average error of 0.15 in training datasets,and a correlation coefficient of 0.99881 and an average error of 0.612 in testing datasets,which has higher accuracy and faster training velocity than the BP network or RBFN network.GRNN can be used in many mathematical problems for accurate estimation of cuttings consistency and downhole pressure loss instead of field and experimental measurements for hydraulic design in foam drilling operation.     

Ƕ��ʽ����ǰ�׹۲���������ӿ�ϵͳ���

???????塱???????????DSC??й???????????????????????????????????TCP/IPЭ??????????????????豸????EP95??IP?????????????????塱???????????????????????????豸???????????塱?淶?????????????????WEB????????????????????????????????????????????????????????     

PDS型地震仪自动校钟同步装置研制

为使原本用于人工地震测深野外数据采集的PDS型地震仪能够适用于超密集流动台阵野外观测,设计了一种基于Apollo2微控制器的具备GNSS校钟同步和仪器工作参数动态设置功能的外置即插即用式自动控制装置.经室内测试运行和野外比对测试实验,该装置运行稳定可靠,能满足野外超密集台阵长期连续工作的需要.     

临沂市主要地质灾害现状及防治对策

临沂市地质灾害类型主要为岩溶地面塌陷、采空地面塌陷、矿坑突水及地下水污染等。通过对其发育现状及发生原因的调查研究,认为除部分灾害由不利地质条件诱发外,大部分灾害则是人为因素造成的。对此提出了防治对策。