共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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“数字鸿沟”与地球信息科学的应对 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
2003年上半年连续出现的全球性突发事件,是对我国的严峻考验。面对严峻复杂的世界形势,地球信息科学可以大有作为,如建设各类型的地理信息系统,以增强应变能力,制定长远规划,加强基础研究和数据储备,将地球信息科学的先进技术和成果应用于国家应对突发事件和政府决策,提出强强联合,共同攻克难关。 相似文献
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地球空间信息科学,作为地球信息科学的一个重要分支学科,将为有关地球问题的研究提供空间信息框架、数学基础和信息处理的技术方法。区域发展规划是一项复杂的系统工程,它涉及到地球空间信息及可持续发展等同题,需要各种先进科学理论和技术的支持。地球空间信息科学及其技术是能够给予区域发展规划最基础支持的重要技术,也是保证区域发展规划科学、合理的满足社会可持续发展要求的一个关犍的技术支撑。因此,研究地球空间信息科学与区域发展规划理论的有机结合,并将地球空间信息技术应用到区域发展规划中是非常必要的。 相似文献
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随着社会经济的高速发展,城市面貌变化速度加快,地理信息数据日益丰富。实景三维数据的广泛应用,主要基于实景三维数据建立一套监测体系,解决铁路用地管理的变化监测技术瓶颈,针对变化地物对象变化量及属性信息进行分析,该监测体系结合区域分割、面向对象分析方案、机器深度学习等算法,实现快速、高效、全面的变化检测,为监测分析的结果、决策等提供有力的数据依据,满足铁路用地管理、城市变迁、重大工程项目追踪、规划管理方面的应用需求。 相似文献
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主要论述了与地名相关的地球信息科学、数字地球、地理信息系统、数字地图与电子地图等现代科技的发展及利用现代科技进行地堍用字和读音规范、地名信息系统、地名标志、地名技术规范、地名科研与管理等现代化地名工作问题。 相似文献
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基于互联网的移动GIS及其在测量标志信息管理中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
移动GIS是地球信息科学发展的一个热点方向,它综合了地理信息系统、遥感、全球定位系统、互联网、移动数据通信等多种技术,具有广阔的应用前景。本文在阐述基于互联网的移动GIS的特点、架构、接入方式、工作原理等技术路线的基础上,详细论述了采用移动GIS技术后建立的测量标志管理信息系统能够实现的主要功能、优缺点等,探讨使用移动GIS管理测量标志普查信息的可行性。 相似文献
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地理信息科学方法论的理论体系研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
地理信息科学是地理学的一个分支,其方法论研究受到科学哲学和地理学方法论的指导,同时也从大量的该学科研究成果、工程项目和软硬件产品中提炼的案例中总结和归纳而来。本文在本学科的时代需求和国家前瞻布局的背景下开展研究。首先阐述了地理信息科学方法论的哲学观和实用观,提出了研究中应该处理好的六个关系;其次,建立了方法论的结构体系,由地理信息本体论、六个科学方法和七个技术方法组成;再次,分析和论证了地理信息的本体特征及其与方法论的关系,最后讨论了地理信息科学方法论的创新机制和策略。 相似文献
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论述了新一代环境监测与管理信息系统(EMMIS)的支撑技术、开发手段及其功能特点;重点阐述了新一代环境监测与管理信息系统支撑技术在环境科学中的典型应用,包括基础信息综合管理、环境动态监测、环境演变模拟和预测、环境规划与决策、环境灾害监测与预报、环境管理、环境综合分析与评价等。 相似文献
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分析了基于GIS的高烈度地震山区公路地震信息管理系统应具有的功能及技术路线,研究了如何利用GIS空间分析功能对工程规划进行辅助决策,并以通麦至105道班为例,建立了高烈度地震山区公路地震诱发地质灾害信息管理系统。 相似文献
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Weilian Li Jan-Henrik Haunert Julius Knechtel Jun Zhu Qing Zhu Youness Dehbi 《Transactions in GIS》2023,27(6):1766-1793
Detecting and collecting public opinion via social media can provide near real-time information to decision-makers, which plays a vital role in urban disaster management and sustainable development. However, there has been little work focusing on identifying the perception and the sentiment polarity expressed by users during and after disasters, particularly regional flood events. In this article, we comprehensively analyze tweets data related to the “European floods in 2021” over time, topic, and sentiment, forming a complete workflow from data processing, topic modeling, sentiment analysis, and topic and sentiment prediction. The aim is to address the following research questions: (1) What are the public perception and main concerns during and after floods? (2) How does the public sentiment change during and after floods? Results indicate that there is a significant correlation between a flood's trend and the heat of corresponding tweets. The three topics that receive the most public concern are: (1) climate change and global warming; (2) praying for the victims: and (3) disaster situations and information. Negative sentiments are predominant during the floods and will continue for some time. We tested five different classifiers, of which TextCNN-attention turned out to deliver the best predictions in topic and sentiment prediction, and performed well for sparse flood tweets, it can be used to predict the topic and sentiment polarity of a single tweet in real-time during the flood events. Our findings can help disaster agencies to better understand the dynamics of social networks and develop stronger situational awareness towards a disaster, which can contribute to scientifically justified decision-making in urban risk management and also meet the challenges associated with the global sustainable development goal 11 (SDGs) on Sustainable Cities and Communities. 相似文献
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基于三维时空数据库的地信时空过程可视化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着GIS数据不断更新,大量的GIS历史数据也不断累积起来。本文即是着眼于如何有效利用累积下来的多个时期的数据,模拟地信时空过程,让人们能直观了解空间信息的发展变化过程。论文先介绍了由地理信息时空数据建立的三维时空数据库,然后阐述了在此数据库支持下的地信时空过程可视化的实现技术。本文的研究是一次时态GIS与3D-GIS结合应用的尝试,实现了4D概念下更为逼真和动感的地理信息服务方式。 相似文献
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The article presents a time series (2009–2013) analysis for a new version of the “Digital Divide” concept that developed in the 1990s. Digital information technologies, such as the Internet, mobile phones and social media, provide vast amounts of data for decision-making and resource management. The Data Poverty Index (DPI) provides an open-source means of annually evaluating global access to data and information. The DPI can be used to monitor aspects of data and information availability at global and national levels, with potential application at local (district) levels. Access to data and information is a major factor in disaster risk reduction, increased resilience to disaster and improved adaptation to climate change. In that context, the DPI could be a useful tool for monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030). The effects of severe data poverty, particularly limited access to geoinformatic data, free software and online training materials, are discussed in the context of sustainable development and disaster risk reduction. Unlike many other indices, the DPI is underpinned by datasets that are consistently provided annually for almost all the countries of the world and can be downloaded without restriction or cost. 相似文献
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Geospatial technologies are emerging as one of the most promising environments for development of emergency management framework. Geospatial technologies such as Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems and Global Positioning Systems integrated with valuable near/real-time field information can provide a comprehensive platform for emergency management. Satellite imagery, vector database, Location Based Services and ancillary data having the relevant attribute information with access and query tools helps the disaster manager to analyse the required information for relief operations. However, the conceptual design of the database, integration procedures, development of decision support functions and dissemination of information integrating real-time information from the field are very important issues in development framework for emergency management. There are some technological challenges in the emergency response for deriving the required outputs such as damage assessment, evacuation planning, situation monitoring, information dissemination, and coordination of resource and logistic planning. This article provides a framework for the integration of various multi-disciplinary technologies for addressing emergency management. 相似文献
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基于GIS的广东省综合运输体系规划信息平台构建研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
广东省交通运输厅从2012年起,组织分期研究开发基于地理信息系统的广东省综合运输体系规划信息平台(简称"平台"),旨在建立健全统一的全省交通运输业数据采集、发布标准及技术管理规范,分别构建5大类运输方式线网及重要的运输枢纽站场节点的多级图层,叠加形成全省综合运输体系布局规划"一张图"。"平台"采用4层设计,依托后台管理、应用分析和综合展示3大子系统,搭建了基础地理信息、经济社会、交通运输现状、综合运输体系规划成果及其他共5大类数据库,"平台(一期)"于2014年3月26日通过验收,实现了多维度、多视角展示和查询交通运输业数据成果的预期功能。研究实践将力促综合运输体系规划研究和决策方式实行根本性变革。 相似文献