Halomonas Xiaochaidanensis sp. nov.,a Halotolerant Bacterium Isolated from Xiaochaidan Lake of Qadam Basin,China

正A short-rod-shaped halotolerant bacterium,designated CUG00002T,was isolated from the sediment of Xiaochaidan Lake of Qadam Basin,China,using R2A medium.The cells are Gram-negative,aerobic and forming creamy and circular colonies with diameter of 1-     

Biodiversity and Screening of Moderately Halophilic Bacteria with Hydrolytic and Antimicrobial Activities from Yuncheng Salt Lake,China

正1 Introduction Yuncheng Salt Lake is an old lake with a history of more than 5000 years,which locates in the margins of the central plains of China,with an area of about 130 km.It was an important resource of salt for human consumption from early times.Major chemicals in Yuncheng Salt Lake contain Na Cl,Na2SO4 and Mg SO4(Gao et al.2007).In recent years,some halophilic bacteria and archaea were     

青海共和盆地达连海湖积物137Cs示踪的初步结果

通过对青海省共和盆地达连海干湖盆中的＾１３７Ｃｓ和粒度样品的测定,结合区域调查结果及其他相关资料的分析,确定了两个＾１３７Ｃｓ蓄积峰和一个蓄积谷,由此建立了达连海湖相沉积物的＾１３７Ｃｓ时标,即１９６３年的＾１３７Ｃｓ最大蓄积峰值和２０世纪８０年代末至９０年代初大规模土地开垦引起的、与异常剧烈风沙沉积有关的＾１３７Ｃｓ最小蓄积谷,以及１９９４年的湖泊干涸事件形成的次一级＾１３７Ｃｓ蓄积峰,并估算出     

黑龙江鸡西早白垩世侧羽叶一新种-城子河侧羽叶 (Pterophyllum chengzihense sp.nov.)

根据产于黑龙江鸡西早白垩世城子河组一种侧羽叶属(Pterophyllum)植物化石的外形特征及表皮构造研究,确认该种属于本内苏铁类(Bennettitales)植物,并有别于其他植物类群。据此,新建一新种—城子河侧羽叶(新种)Pterophyllumchengzihensesp.nov.,并讨论了该新种在研究中国东北地区早白垩世植物化石中的意义。     

Protophyllocladoxylon jingyuanense sp.nov.,a Gymnospermous Wood of the Serpukhovian (Late Mississippian) from Gansu,Northwest China

<正>A new species of gymnospermous fossil wood,Protophyllocladoxylon jingyuanense sp.nov., is described from the lower part of the Tsingyuan Formation(Serpukhovian/Late Mississippian),near the coal mine of Ciyao,Gansu,northwestern China.The specimen is preserved only in silicified secondary xylem,while growth rings are absent.Pits in radial tracheidal walls are araucaroid in type, uniseriate,occasionally biseriate.Xylem rays are homogeneous,uniseriate,occasionally biseriate. Cross-field pits are simple,large,one to two in number.Axial parenchyma is absent.The anatomical characters and geographic distribution of Protophyllocladoxylon woods through geological ages are documented.Those species with axial parenchyma and without growth rings live in warm climate, whereas the species without axial parenchyma and with growth rings are present either in warm or cool climate.The ideal living climate for Protophyllocladoxylon woods is warm and wet.Our new species,as a fossil wood of Early Carboniferous,is likely the earliest known species of Protophyllocladoxylon.     

Iverya averyi gen.nov.and sp.nov.,a New Triadotypomorphan Species from the Middle Triassic at Picton,New South Wales,Australia

<正>A new specimen assigned to the species Iverya averyi gen.nov.and sp.nov.is described.This species is considered as a triadotypomorphan insect,a poorly known group of Triassic stem-odonatans.Like other triadotypomorphans,this species exhibits an area between MA and MP that is comparatively broad,and a cubitoanal area involving an AA stem distinct from CuA+CuP+AA emitting several posterior branches.Diagnostic character states of the new species are listed.Although incomplete,the specimen provides new information on the wing morphology of triadotypomorphans.This discovery might contribute to better assessment of the phylogenetic position of triadotypomorphan species with respect to other stem-odonatans.     

Zalesskioxylon xiaheyanense sp. nov., a gymnospermous wood of the Stephanian (Late Pennsylvanian) from Ningxia, northwestern China

A new Late Pennsylvanian species of gymnospermous fossil wood, Zalesskioxylon xiaheyanense sp. nov. is described from the Lower Taiyuan Formation (Stephanian B-C) near the village of Xiaheyan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, northwestern China. The specimen consists only of silicified secondary xylem. The tracheids are pycnoxylic with 2–3 seriate bordered pits, arranged in subcircular or hexagonal alternate (araucaroid) pattern. The pores of the pits are small, linear, and regularly tilted. Xylem rays are homogeneous, uniseriate, 1–25 cells high. Cross-fields are filled with numerous mixed simple pits of various sizes. Growth rings, axial parenchymatous elements and resin canals are absent. The geographic distribution of Zalesskioxylon woods is reviewed. Zalesskioxylon xiaheyanense sp. nov. grew at low latitudes, and because of the lack of growth rings, probably lived under relatively uniform climatic conditions. Our new species supplements the poorly known distribution of Carboniferous wood in China.     

On Shantungendoceras, Gen.nov.,the Oldest Known Holochoanite from China

The present examples were obtained from the top of the Peng-shanian (late Upper Cambrian) at Nanshan, Chaumitien, Tsinan district,Shantung by the writer and the Class of 1923 of the National Universityof Peking in 1923 and by the writer and the Class of 1937 in 1935.     

Hebeigramma nom. nov., a new name for Mesogramma Hong,1984 (Caloneurodea) from the Lower Cretaceous of Hebei Province, China

1984年,笔者发表河北早白垩世华脉目(Caloneurodea)的中华脉科、属:MesogrammatidaeHong,1984和Meso-grammaHong,1984。属名与1850年Stephens采用过的鳞翅目Mesogramma属和1865,1872,Loew采用过的双翅目Meso-grapta属是异物同名,必须废除笔者后来建立的科、属学名,重新命名,以维护《法规》中命名优先权的原则。故原MesogrammaHong,1984属名重新命名为Hebeigrammanom.nov.,原MesogrammatidaeHong,1984科名随属名的更改而重新命名为Hebeigrammidaenom.nov.,在此申明。     

Early Cretaceous Archaefructus eoflora sp. nov. with Bisexual Flowers from Beipiao, Western Liaoning, China

Recently, whether Archaefructus has bisexual multi-parted flowers or just inflorescences of unisexual flowers, and whether it is ancestral to all angiosperms or a derived eudicot have been debated. Here, from the same Yixian Formation, NE China, we report a new Archaefructus species, A. eoflora sp. nov., with the generic characteristics of dissected leaves and bisexual reproductive axes. It is entirely preserved with roots, rhizome, shoots and protogynous reproductive organs at different developmental stages. Its lateral and main fertile shoots form a pseudo-indeterminate pattern, while the reproductive branches on the main shoot form a cymose inflorescence. Subtended by 1-2 bract-like leaves, the section of stamen clusters changes into a much shorter section of carpels that have one row of orthotropous ovules. Significantly, one cluster bearing two carpels and one stamen between the two sections demonstrates a true bisexual flower, an important step of the origin of floral bisexuality, and the homology     

An exotic insect Aethiocarenus burmanicus gen. et sp. nov. (Aethiocarenodea ord. nov., Aethiocarenidae fam. nov.) from mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber

An exotic wingless female insect in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber is described as Aethiocarenus burmanicus sp. et gen. nov. in the order Aethiocarenodea ord. nov. and family Aethiocarenidae fam. nov. The distinguishing feature of Aethiocarenus burmanicus sp. et gen. nov. is its unique head, the dorsum of which is shaped like an isosceles right triangle with the hypotenuse at the top and vertex positioned at the base of the neck. While insects with triangular-shaped heads are common today, the hypotenuse of the triangle is always located at the base of the head and attached to the neck, with the vertex at the apex of the head. Other features of the fossil are the long narrow, flat body, long slender legs, especially the hind pair that are twice the length of the abdomen, lack of wings, protruding eyes, paired ocelli, secretory glands located on the dorsum of the neck and swollen abdomen bearing paired segmented cerci.     

A new weevil,Aepyceratus hyperochus gen. et sp. nov., Aepyceratinae subfam. nov., (Coleoptera; Nemonychidae) in Burmese amber

A new weevil, Aepyceratus hyperochus gen. et sp. nov., Aepyceratinae subfam. nov., is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The new subfamily differs from the previous Mesozoic subfamilies Brenthorrhininae, Eobelinae, Cretonemonychinae and Paleocartinae by the short lateral pronotal carina, stark convex eyes and basal antennal insertion. From the subfamilies Rhinorhynchinae and Cimberidinae, it is distinguished by the short lateral pronotal carina, exodontous mandibles and basal antennal insertion. The new subfamily differs from the subfamily Idiomacerinae by the distinct clypeolabral suture, elliptical protruding eyes, short antennomere 1, wide tarsi, short lateral carina on the pronotum, and exodontous mandibles.     

海拉尔地区五九盆地早白垩世拜拉一新种

Baiera叶部化石是欧亚大陆中生代植物群中的常见分子,广泛分布于晚三叠世-早白垩世地层中.本文根据首次发现于内蒙古海拉尔地区五九盆地下白垩统大磨拐河组的多块保存完好角质层的Baiera叶部压型标本的形态学和表皮构造研究,建立了一个新种-两叉状拜拉(新种)(Baiera bifurcata sp.nov.).     

Uberabasuchus terrificus sp. nov., a New Crocodylomorpha from the Bauru Basin (Upper Cretaceous), Brazil

A new fairly complete and articulated skull of a Peirosauridae crocodylomorph from Bauru Basin (Late Cretaceous), Brazil, is described. The fossil is from a level of clayish sandstone within Serra do Veadinho sequence, Peirópolis, Uberaba County, Minas Gerais State. The sedimentary strata of Serra do Veadinho belong to the Marília Formation (Serra da Galga Member), Bauru Group, considered to be Campanian-Maastrichtian in age. The species -Uberabasuchus terrificus sp. nov. - is a peirosaurid with moderately narrow snout, large round orbits protected by supraorbital bones of triangular shape and an antorbital fenestra bounded posteriorly by a deep groove. This fossil resembles Peirosaurus tormini Price, 1955 in the size pattern of premaxillary teeth and by showing a similar wedge-like maxillary process in the premaxilla. It also shares some morphological features with the other species of the Peirosauridae, namely the crocodylomorph Lomasuchus palpebrosus Gasparini, Chiappe and Fernandez, 1991 from Argentina. Their common features comprise a moderately narrow snout and the deep lateral groove at the premaxilla and maxilla articulation for the reception of a large mandibular tooth. However, the nasal participates in the external nares and does not divide the nasal aperture, producing a “beak-like” structure at the extremity of the snout which is unique among peirosaurids. The stratigraphic setting suggests that the specimen was buried when a flash flood overflowed the shallow channels of a braided fluvial system.

Parsimony analysis of 183 morphological characters is performed for 23 crocodylomorphs. Analysis of the morphological data matrix resulted in three most parsimonious trees (374 steps, CI = 0.679; RI = 0.826). The new species is closely related to Mahajangasuchus and both, in addition to Peirosaurus and Lomasuchus, compose the Peirosauridae.     

Planohybodus marki sp. nov., a new fresh-water hybodontid shark from the Early Cretaceous of northeastern Brazil

A new species of hybodontid shark is described for the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil. The type specimen is derived from pre-Aptian strata of Malhada Vermelha Formation, Lima Campos Basin (Ceará State, northeastern Brazil), with referred material from the Missão Velha Formation of Araripe Basin, northeastern Brazil. The new taxon differs from other Planohybodus species by the presence of a stronger tooth ornamentation characterized by simple, usually non-branching cristae that nearly reach the apex of the main cusp as well as distinctly divergent lateral cusplets. In addition, certain North-American specimens formerly attributed to Hybodus are identified as Planohybodus. The new species presented herein, in addition to the North-American remains, represents an important contribution to the knowledge of the distribution of Planohybodus, expanding the geographic range of the genus to South and North America in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.     

Ginkgo Huolinhensis sp.nov.from the Lower Cretaceous of Huolinhe Coal Field,Inner Mongolia,China

A new species,Ginkgo huolinhensis sp.nov.,with well-preserved cuticle from the Lower Cretaceous,Huolinhe Formation of Huolinhe Coal Field in Inner Mongolia,China,was studied morphologically and anatomi...     

Orkoraptor burkei nov. gen. et sp., a large theropod from the Maastrichtian Pari Aike Formation, Southern Patagonia, Argentina

A new large theropod, Orkoraptor burkei nov. gen. et nov. sp., from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia is based on a postorbital, quadratojugal, coronoid?, several teeth, an atlantal intercentrum and neurapophysis, two caudal vertebrae, and the proximal half of tibia. This new theropod exhibits characteristics of maniraptorans (i.e., coelurosaurians more derived than tyrannosaurids) including an upturned rostral process of the postorbital, the caudoventral corner of which is widely concave. Furthermore, teeth without denticles and carina in the mesial margin resemble the condition of the maniraptoran clades Compsognathidae and Deinonychosauria. The new Patagonian theropod differs from other coelurosaurians (Ornithomimosauria, Compsognathidae, Alvarezsauridae, Dromaeosauridae, Aves) in having caudal vertebrae with a single pair of small pleurocoels on each side, and in having a median depression flanked by two longitudinal and narrow furrows on each tooth. Orkoraptor represents one of the southernmost carnivorous dinosaurs yet found in South America and adds valuable information about the diversification of tetanuran theropods in Gondwana.     

A New Lycopsid, Zhenglia radiata gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Devonian Posongchong Formation of Southeastern Yunnan, China, and Its Evolutionary Significance

A new plant, Zhenglia radiata gen. et sp. nov., from the Posongchong Formation （Early Devonian, Pragian age） of the Wenshan District of southeastern Yunnan Province, China is a small herbaceous lycopsid. The aerial branches divide into foliar and fertile stems. The arrangement of the leaf bases on the stem shows lepidodendroid-like phyllotaxy. Possibly the leaf base bears a ligulate pit. The microphyll consists of a swollen, decurrent base, and an entire, linear lamina. The fertile axis is composed of sporophylls arranged helically, forming a compact area similar to cone-like structure. Each sporophyll consists of a widened lateral extension and a distal lamina. The ovoid-elongate sporangia are attached adaxially on the surface of sporophylls. Based on morphological similarities, especially the undivided microphylls, the style of phyllotaxy, the form of the cone-like structures and sporangia, the new lycopsid Zhenglia radiata is placed in the order Protolepidodendrales and a possible evolutionary relationship with the arborescent lycopsids of the Late Devonian and Carboniferous is considered.     

Kaikaifilu hervei gen. et sp. nov., a new large mosasaur (Squamata,Mosasauridae) from the upper Maastrichtian of Antarctica

We present a large, fragmentary skull and the humerus of a mosasaur (Squamata, Mosasauroidea) recovered from upper Maastrichtian beds of the López de Bertodano Formation in Marambio (=Seymour) Island, Antarctica. The material belongs to a large, adult individual with marked heterodonty as well as unusual humeral features. Different phylogenetic analyses returned the studied specimen within the Tylosaurinae, while the distinctive features of the skull and humerus allow distinguish it from the unique Antarctic known tylosaurine species, Taniwhasaurus antarcticus (Novas et al., 2002), as well as from other known Late Cretaceous mosasaurids from the Southern Hemisphere, thus, justifying the erection of a new taxon, Kaikaifilu hervei gen. et. sp. nov. The different dental types documented in the specimen studied have been previously recorded through isolated teeth from the same locality and were subsequently referred to several genera. This new find is relevant for assessing the previously known fragmentary records of Antarctic mosasaurids, suggesting that its local diversity could be more reduced than previously interpreted. The new material represents the youngest occurrence of tylosaurines in Antarctica.     

Phylogenetic and Morphological Investigation of a Dunaliella Strain Isolated from Yuncheng Salt Lake,China

正A Dunaliella strain was isolated from Yuncheng Salt Lake,Shanxi,China(111.05°E,35.03°N).Morphological characteristics and molecular data were used to evaluate the relationship of this algal strain to other Dunaliella