油包裹体荧光颜色及其成熟度关系

近年来有机包裹体在石油地质领域中的广泛应用, 为油气勘探与评价注入了新的活力.有机包裹体特别是油包裹体的荧光颜色是鉴定有机包裹体和指示油气成熟度的有效手段.本文在论述有机包裹体荧光机理的基础上, 依据不同盆地样品的实验观测结果, 从油包裹体荧光的强度、波长、颜色以及与有机包裹体同期的盐水包裹体的均一温度等关系进行分析, 证明可以运用油包裹体荧光颜色和平均均一温度等综合指示油气的成熟度.      

东营凹陷牛庄砂岩透镜体油气藏微观充注机理

对牛庄油田牛103井、牛105井、牛106井、牛107井和史11井共计36块流体包裹体样品进行了系统而深入的研究, 系统获取了牛34-C砂体、牛106-D砂体和史10-C砂体的GOI (artz grains containing oil inclusions, 石英颗粒含油包裹体丰度) 数据.运用GOI分析技术和荧光观测技术, 结合试油成果数据, 分析了牛庄油田岩性油气藏的油气微观充注历史.结果表明: 早期充注于史10-C砂体、牛106-D砂体中的早期成熟油气藏, 可能遭受晚期充注高成熟油气的驱替, 并有可能在浅层形成次生油气藏, 而现今赋存于这些岩性油气藏的油气主要为晚期充注的产物; 牛34-C砂体中的油藏为两期油气充注共同作用结果.上述认识对揭示牛庄地区隐蔽油气藏成藏机理具有参考意义.      

东濮凹陷原油、油砂抽提物与油气包裹体地球化学对比及其意义

通过对东濮凹陷桥口构造Q27井和Q55井原油、油砂抽提物和油气包裹体族组成和分子地球化学对比．可以发现：(1)油砂抽提物由于含蜡量高，非烃、沥青质含量低，其饱和烃、芳烃含量甚至比原油高，非烃、沥青质含量甚至比原油低；(2)Q27原油样与从同一井段内采取的油砂抽提物甾、萜烷分布特征存在着较为明显的差异，表明采油井段的原油地球化学组成是不均一的；(3)两口井的油气包裹体甾、萜烷分子指标，包括油源指标和成熟度指标，与油砂抽提物和原油也均有明显的差异，表明在油气注入过程中原油的油源和成熟度是不断变化的。尽管该地区的原油均来自沙三段，但在不同时间注入的原油可能来自不同“亚层”或“不同分布区域”的沙三段烃源岩。     

Simulation of the fluorescence evolution of “live” oils from kerogens in a diamond anvil cell: Application to inclusion oils in terms of maturity and source

The evolution of fluorescence has been measured for “live” oils generated from 14 oil-prone kerogens or coals from varying depositional environments during closed system pyrolysis in a diamond anvil cell at three heating rates (3, 8, and 25 °C/min), and temperatures up to 600 °C. The measured fluorescence intensities of the samples, employing using violet excitation at 405 nm, increases significantly during maturation intervals within the oil window, while the fluorescence spectra of oils generated from all studied kerogens exhibit progressive blue-shift of peak wavelengths (λ_max) and red/green quotients (I₆₅₀/I₅₀₀) upon increasing maturity. The observed trend is consistent with a maturity dependence of the spectral shift, which is widely recognized in natural hydrocarbon inclusions and crude oils using ultraviolet (UV) excitation (365 nm). The data presented herein suggest that the λ_max of spectra for inclusion oils shift in similar direction despite differences in composition or source kerogen. This implies that the reverse or anomalous trends reported for inclusion oils in nature may be attributed to other processes, which significantly alters the fluorescence properties of oils subsequent to their generation. Oils with the similar color (λ_max or I₆₅₀/I₅₀₀) can be derived from diverse kerogens with maturities that vary by ±0.3% Ro, suggesting that the fluorescent colors of crude and inclusion oils are both maturity- and source-dependent, and therefore cannot be used as universal maturity indicators. In addition, the blue-shifts observed for cumulative oils generated from all kerogens approaches similar minima λ_max values around the green-yellow wavelength (564 nm) and at I₆₅₀/I₅₀₀ values around 0.6, at maturities close to the middle or late stage of oil generation. This suggests that most late-stage cumulative oils will exhibit similar colors. Oils generated during late-stage maturity intervals, however, can exhibit colors with shorter wavelengths.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组油气成藏期次研究

为了研究鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组油气成藏期次和成藏模式,采取镜下观察、激光拉曼、显微测温等方法对盆地南部地区延长组储层成岩作用和包裹体的特征进行了研究,并结合烃源岩生烃史、盆地热演化史,综合分析研究区延长组成藏期次。研究结果表明:鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区延长组存在两期油气包裹体:第一期油气包裹体在荧光显微镜下呈蓝绿色或深绿色的液烃包裹体,丰度较低,伴生的盐水包裹体均一温度主峰为100~110 ℃;第二期油气包裹体以气液烃包裹体为主,包裹体在单偏光下为无色或淡黄色,荧光显微镜下为亮蓝色,丰度较高,伴生的盐水包裹体均一温度主峰为130~140 ℃。通过对油气包裹体的均一温度、盐度、密度研究明确了研究区为“一期两幕”成藏,结合盆地热演化史认为鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区延长组存在两次油气充注:第一次油气充注在早白垩世中期(距今115~125 Ma),第二次油气充注主要在早白垩世晚期(距今97~105 Ma)。两次油气充注表明鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区延长组油气成藏时期为早白垩世(距今97~125 Ma)。     

The analysis of oil trapped during secondary migration

During secondary migration, there is an opportunity for oil to be trapped as fluid inclusions (FIs) within framework grains such as quartz and within diagenetic cements that have a crystalline structure. Oil saturation on migration pathways remains relatively low, so typically fewer oil inclusions get trapped compared with samples from an oil column. Geochemical analysis of the much smaller amounts of inclusion oil present in samples from interpreted oil migration pathways has been attempted for two samples from the Champagny-1 and Delamere-1 wells in the Vulcan Sub-Basin, northern offshore Australia. A combination of petrographic analysis, bulk geochemical inclusion analysis and log evaluation confirmed that both samples were from oil migration pathways. Despite the small number of oil inclusions, reliable geochemical data were acquired from both samples that were significantly above the levels detected for the system and outside-rinse blanks. The FI oil trapped on the interpreted oil migration pathway in Champagny-1 was generated from clay-rich marine source rock with little terrigenous organic matter input. It was generated at peak oil window maturity and correlates best with oils derived from the Late Jurassic Lower Vulcan Formation. In contrast, the Delamere-1 FI oil contains evidence of greater input of terrigenous organic matter and was generated at early oil window maturity. This FI oil also contains a signature of a biodegraded component, which could have been generated either from the Middle Jurassic Plover Formation, or from an older source rock. These data indicate that it is feasible to geochemically map migration pathways across prospects or basins, and to analyse palaeo-oil compositions in oil zones where the few inclusions get trapped. This also suggests that the few oil inclusions that sometimes occur in Proterozoic or Archaean rocks may be analysable in the future, which would provide relatively pristine and robust data on the composition and diversity of Earth’s early biosphere.     

应用流体包裹体研究致密砂岩储层多期油气充注历史——以鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾地区延长组长8段砂岩为例

本文以鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘镇泾地区延长组长8段致密砂岩储层为例,利用流体包裹体岩相学、微束荧光光谱及显微测温等分析方法, 厘定油气充注期次和时间,同时结合储层成岩演化,探讨储层致密化与油气成藏过程。研究表明,储层孔隙沥青呈黄色和蓝白色荧光, 并以蓝白色为主;石油包裹体呈黄色、黄绿色及蓝白色荧光,并以后两者居多。与黄色荧光石油包裹体同期的盐水包裹体均一温度主峰为 80℃～90℃; 而与黄绿色和蓝白色荧光石油包裹体同期的盐水包裹体均一温度主峰分别为105℃～115℃和110℃～120℃。研究区储层主要经历了3期烃类充注：第一期发生在早白垩世早期（138～130Ma）,表现为少量的低熟油充注;第二期发生在早白垩世晚期（124～105Ma）,为关键成藏期,与大规模成熟油充注相关; 第三期发生在晚白垩世（85～73Ma）,古油藏发生调整,再次成藏。储层早成岩阶段以机械压实、薄膜状绿泥石、高岭石及微晶方解石胶结为主,在中高孔渗条件下发生了早期石油充注;随着继续压实,石英加大、孔隙填充绿泥石、高岭石及亮晶方解石胶结发育,储层逐渐致密化 晚期石油在低渗致密储层内的运聚成藏主要受早期烃类充注路径控制。     

准噶尔盆地滴南凸起含油储集岩分子与碳同位素地球化学研究

从滴南凸起10个含油储集岩样品分步提取了自由态油气组分、束缚态油气组分和油气包裹体组分,各组分进一步做色谱、色谱-质谱和正构烷烃单体碳同位素分析。根据生物标志物组成,可将10个含油储集岩样分为两类：第一类包括D2-1和D18-12个侏罗系油砂样,第二类包括其他8个采自侏罗系、二叠系和石炭系含油储集岩样。两类样品生物标志物组成差异主要有：（1）第一类样品各类油气组分三环萜烷含量明显低于第二类样品;（2）第一类样品 C20、C21和 C23三环萜烷含量比较接近,其分布模式为 C20＆lt;C21＆gt;C23,第二类样品这3个化合物含量差异较大,且分布模式为C20＆gt;C21＆gt;C23;（3）第一类样品伽马蜡烷和β-胡萝卜烷相对含量高于第二类样品;（4）第一类样品C27甾烷含量较低而C28甾烷含量较高,第二类样品则相反。可以推断第一类样品自由态组分、束缚态组分和油气包裹体均来源于二叠系烃源岩而第二类样品各类油气组分则来源于石炭系烃源岩。第一类样品油气包裹体成熟度明显高于自由态组分和束缚态组分,表明早期充注原油的成熟度高于晚期充注的原油,总体上各类油气组分成熟度位于生油高峰阶段（Ro 0.8%~1.1%）。第二类样品从自由态组分、束缚态组分至油气包裹体成熟度依次降低,表明早期充注原油的成熟度低于晚期充注的原油,总体上各类油气组分成熟度位于高-过成熟阶段（Ro〉1.25%）。第一类样品各类油气组分正构烷烃单体碳同位素组成相对较轻,第二类样品各类油气组分正构烷烃单体碳同位素组成有一定的差异,组成较轻者与第一类样品各类油气组分接近。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组低渗透油藏成藏期次研究

主要对陇东地区延长组流体包裹体特征进行了研究,结合烃源岩生烃史、原油成熟度,综合分析研究区的成藏期次。流体包裹体镜下观察与荧光特征显示陇东地区延长组存在两期油气包裹体：第一期油气包裹体在单偏光下呈灰褐色或深褐色的液烃包裹体,丰度较低,盐水包裹体均一温度主峰为75~95 ℃;第二期油气包裹体以气液烃包裹体为主,液烃表现为无色或淡黄色的单偏光特征与浅黄色至蓝绿色的荧光特征,丰度较高,盐水包裹体均一温度主峰为75~95 ℃与100~120 ℃。结合烃源岩生烃史与原油成熟度认为,陇东地区延长组存在三期成藏：距今约为140~130 Ma的早期低熟油小规模充注时期;发生于120~100 Ma,与烃源岩生烃高峰期相对应的中期成熟度大规模成藏期;距今约为100~40 Ma的晚白垩世构造抬升调整成藏时期。     

Molecular correlation of free oil,adsorbed oil and inclusion oil of reservoir rocks in the Tazhong Uplift of the Tarim Basin,China

The free, adsorbed and inclusion oils were recovered by sequential extraction from eleven oil and tar containing reservoir rocks in the Tazhong Uplift of Tarim Basin. The results of gas chromatography (GC) and GC–mass spectrometry analyses of these oil components and seven crude oils collected from this region reveal multiple oil charges derived from different source rocks for these oil reservoirs. The initially charged oils show strong predominance of even over odd n-alkanes in the range n-C₁₂ to n-C₂₀ and have ordinary maturities, while the later charged oils do not exhibit any predominance of n-alkanes and have high maturities. The adsorbed and inclusion oils of the reservoir rocks generally have high relative concentrations of gammacerane and C₂₈ steranes, similar to the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rocks. In contrast, the free oils of these reservoir rocks generally have low relative concentrations of gammacerane and C₂₈ steranes, similar to the Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks. There are two interpretations of this result: (1) the initially charged oils are derived from the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rocks while the later charged oils are derived from the Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks; and (2) both the initially and later charged oils are mainly derived from the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rocks but the later charged oils are contaminated by the oil components from the Silurian tar sandstones and the Middle-Upper Ordovician source rocks.     

Fluorescence micro-spectrometry of synthetic and natural hydrocarbon fluid inclusions: crude oil chemistry,density and application to petroleum migration

The fluorescence spectra of crude oils, synthesized as hydrocarbon fluid inclusions (hcfi) in NaCI crystals, have been recorded and correlated with crude oil chemical analysis. The crude oils represent a wide range in total hydrocarbons, saturate and aromatic fractions, and resin-asphaltene concentration. The fluorescence properties (Lambda max and Q) of the hydrocarbon fluid inclusions display a systematic red shift to longer wavelengths from 440 nm to 595 nm with increasing aromatic content and increasing concentration of NSO-bearing compounds. A positive correlation also exists between Lmax-Q and the thermal maturity parameters nC17/pristane and nC₁₈/phytane. First order linear regression equations provide a method for constraining the chemical composition of natural hydrocarbon fluid inclusions. Lmax and Q correlate positively with oil density (°API), providing for an indirect method of estimating the API of a natural hydrocarbon fluid inclusion assemblage. Fluorescence spectra of non-biodegraded crude oils from the Upper Devonian Birdbear Formation, Saskatchewan, Canada, have been correlated with regionally widespread hcfi within carbonate carrier beds and reservoir rocks of the same formation. The two most dominant types of hcfi spectra match well with the fluorescence spectra from crude oils within the Birdbear Formation. A third, less common population of very-blue fluorescing hcfi (Lmax=415440 nm, Q ≤ 0.10) also occur within fractures, intercrystalfne cements or in fossil overgrowths. The Lmax-Q-API-chemical correlations establised for the synthetic hcfi suggests that the °API of these inclusions is probably > 45° and the saturate/aromatic ratio ranges from 3.2 to 5.1. Spectra from hcfi within quartz overgrowths and cements, fractures and carbonate cements from sandstone reservoirs in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin offshore Newfoundland, compared with fluorescence spectra of crude oils suggests that some of the reservoirs may have been filled by a relatively low maturity oil and then a higher maturity oil. This is reflected in the intermediate spectra of the crude oils relative to the spectra of two separate hcfi events. Other reservoirs appear to have been charged with a relatively high gravity oil which was later biodegraded. This is marked by a blue region spectra for the hcfi compared with a red-shifted spectra for the crude oil (°API = 19). The API of the original unaltered oil which charged the reservoir is estimated to be between 32 and 38° using the Lmax-Q-API relationship established for the synthetic hcfi.     

实验研究碳酸盐岩储层烃类包裹体不混溶捕获行为

认识储层烃类包裹体的捕获机制对于解释包裹体分析结果有着重要的意义.通过人工合成烃类包裹体实验,对碳酸盐岩储层烃类包裹体的不混溶捕获现象进行了探讨.通过对人工合成烃类包裹体的显微荧光、均一温度测试和拉曼光谱分析,对不混溶包裹体内捕获的物质进行了辨别.根据包裹体的相态特征和实验分析结果,可以将实验合成的不混溶包裹体归纳为两...     

油气聚集对石英矿物成岩演化的影响

油气在砂岩储层中的聚集会对石英矿物的胶结作用产生影响。对黄骅坳陷三马探区的石英矿物的包裹体分析以及对开放孔隙中原油抽提物和包裹体中原油的生物标志物进行分析,含油级别较低的油层与水层具有相似的均一化温度分布范围,但富含油层中流体包裹体均一化温度高值分布范围比低级别油层和水层低,包裹体中的烃类组成与开放孔隙中的主要存在成熟度上的不同。分析认为石油的充注不会使石英矿物的胶结作用立刻停止,石英的次生加大作用仍在继续,但胶结作用受到一定的抑制,当石油充注到一定程度后,胶结作用将会停止,后期进入储层的成熟度较高的原油可能未被捕获。     

库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区流体包裹体特征及油气成藏过程

库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区油气资源丰富,明确油气充注历史和成藏演化过程对下一步油气勘探具有重要意义.利用流体包裹体岩相学观察、显微测温分析、定量颗粒荧光分析,并结合库车前陆盆地烃源岩热演化史以及构造演化史,分析了库车前陆盆地羊塔克地区的油气成藏过程.结果表明,羊塔克地区油气具有“晚期成藏,后期改造”的特征.库车坳陷中侏罗统恰克马克组烃源岩在15 Ma左右成熟(R_o＞0.5%),生成的成熟原油最早是在新近纪库车早期,约4.0 Ma时期,充注到羊塔克构造带,形成少量黄色荧光油包裹体,但大量充注是在约3.5 Ma时期.库车坳陷中下侏罗统煤系源岩是在约26 Ma时达到成熟,生成的天然气在约3.5 Ma,开始大规模的向羊塔克构造带充注.天然气充注后对早期少量原油进行气洗,形成发蓝色荧光的、气液比不一的油气包裹体.油气充注后,在羊塔1地区形成残余油气藏,油水界面位于5 390.75 m处.新近纪库车晚期(3.0~1.8 Ma),受喜山晚期构造运动影响,羊塔克地区油气藏发生调整改造,羊塔1地区白垩系的残余油气水界面向上迁移至现今的5 379.70 m处.      

基于包裹体信息分析准噶尔盆地柴窝堡凹陷芦草沟组储层油源及成藏期次

柴窝堡凹陷芦草沟组原油的研究工作取得了重要进展,但由于构造沉积演化十分复杂,目前油源方面的认识仍不清楚,成藏时间尚不明确。利用改进的石油包裹体烃组分分析方法和包裹体定年技术讨论了研究区芦草沟组原油的来源和成藏期次。结果表明,研究区芦草沟组储层第一期充注原油正构烷烃主峰碳数低,C₂₁三环萜烷和C₂₇甾烷相对丰度较高,显示蓝色荧光,为北部半深湖—深湖相芦草沟组烃源岩生成的高成熟原油,于早白垩世在达1井区聚集成藏;第二期充注原油正构烷烃主峰碳数高,C₂₀三环萜烷或C₂₃三环萜烷、C₂₉甾烷相对丰度较高,显示黄绿色、黄色荧光,为研究区滨浅湖相芦草沟组烃源岩生成的较低成熟度原油,于晚白垩世末期—古新世早期在达1井区聚集成藏。     

岩盐中合成烃包裹体与母油的地球化学特征及其在油源对比中的意义

油气包裹体广泛应用于油气成藏研究,但油气包裹体能否继承母油荧光及地球化学特征等,尚缺乏直接的实验证据。本文在开放体系下用NaCl挥发结晶法对一轻质原油进行合成烃类包裹体实验,通过镜下观察和激光剥蚀色谱-质谱技术分析合成的烃包裹体和母油的荧光特征、成分特征及地化特征,研究两者的异同点。结果表明,在NaCl合成烃类包裹体中共发现三种相态的包裹体:纯液相烃包裹体、气液两相烃包裹体和气油水三相包裹体;共有绿黄色荧光、蓝色荧光两种不同颜色的荧光特征。相对于母油,合成包裹体的饱和烃和芳烃类化合物中的轻质组分含量较低,可以推测在母油被捕获成为包裹体的过程中,不同的化学成分存在差异性捕获。但合成包裹体的Pr/Ph等地化参数和不同系列化合物相对含量与母油相差不大,能很好地反映母油的沉积环境等地化特征。因此,包裹体成分信息可以应用于油源对比分析。     

普光气田及邻区碳酸盐储层沥青的分子地球化学研究

从普光气田及邻近地区二叠系和下三叠统15个含沥青碳酸盐储集岩样品分步提取了自由态油气组分和油气包裹体组分,并且应用限定体系(金管)热解实验获取了固体沥青热解组分.各组分进一步做色谱和色谱-质谱分析获取了生物标志物组成.分析结果表明,从油气包裹体组分、自由态油气组分至固体沥青热解组分,伽马蜡烷/C31升藿烷比值依次增高.同时油气包裹体组分 C23三环萜烷/(C23三环萜烷+C30藿烷)、C21/(C21+ΣC29)甾烷、C27重排甾烷/(C27重排甾烷+C27规则甾烷)、20S/(20R+20S) C29甾烷和αββ/(ααα+αββ) C29甾烷等成熟度指标与自由态组分相近,而明显高于固体沥青热解组分.根据分子指标,可以推断古油藏的原油来源于不同的烃源岩,早期充注的原油来源于下志留统烃源岩,具有较低的伽马蜡烷含量和较高的成熟度;晚期充注的原油来源于上二叠统烃源岩,具有较高的伽马蜡烷含量和较低的成熟度.固体沥青主要为晚期充注、来源于上二叠统烃源岩的原油裂解生气的产物     

鄂尔多斯北部直罗组中烃类包裹体地球化学特征及来源分析

对鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区中侏罗统直罗组砂岩中烃类包裹体进行镜下观察、描述，利用压碎抽提法对烃类包裹体进行色谱—质谱分析，并与白垩系油苗、三叠系油砂及源岩抽提物进行对比，目的是探讨其来源。包裹体油生物标志物成熟度参数，C29ααα甾烷20S/(S+R)、C32αβ藿烷22S/(S+R)比值基本达到平衡值，利用甲基菲指数计算的镜质体反射率参数介于0.64%～0.82％之间，显示包裹体中石油烃已接近成熟—成熟热演化阶段；物质来源及沉积环境参数，ααα20R甾烷百分含量C27>C28相似文献   

柴达木盆地西部英东地区油气成藏过程

柴达木盆地西部英东地区多期构造运动导致油气分布复杂,勘探难度大.采用油气地球化学、流体包裹体、定量荧光以及傅里叶红外光谱等方法系统分析英东地区油气成藏演化过程.研究表明:(1)英东地区新近系储层发育黄色和蓝色荧光两类油包裹体和天然气包裹体,黄色荧光和蓝色荧光油气包裹体对应两期油气充注时间分别为12 Ma和5 Ma.(2)现今油藏原油具有同源-低熟的特点,黄色荧光油包裹体成熟度较低与现今油藏原油特征相似, 是现今油藏的主要贡献者.(3)蓝色荧光油包裹体的成熟度较高,蓝色荧光油包裹体和气烃包裹体是早期低熟原油沿后期构造产生的断层疏导体系向上调整运移至浅层分馏和脱气的产物.通过以上分析明确了英东油藏经历了下油砂组(N₂1)沉积末期(12 Ma)的低熟原油充注和上油砂组(N₂2)沉积末期(5 Ma)至今油气调整与改造的成藏过程, 与喜山期主要构造活动期有很好的对应关系,反映构造活动对油气成藏具有重要控制作用.      

库车坳陷依奇克里克地区下侏罗统阿合组致密砂岩储层的成岩差异性特征研究

塔里木盆地库车坳陷依奇克里克地区深层致密砂岩储层的非均质性强,成岩成藏过程复杂。根据岩心观察、薄片鉴定、流体包裹体、荧光特征及碳氧同位素等分析,对下侏罗统阿合组致密砂岩的岩石类型、成岩演化及其差异性特征进行了研究。研究表明,阿合组致密砂岩分为强钙质胶结砂岩(C类)、富刚性颗粒岩屑砂岩(A类)、含塑性颗粒岩屑砂岩(D类)、富塑性颗粒岩屑砂岩(B类)4类,经历了两期油气充注,不同类型砂岩的成岩、致密化及成藏过程差异明显。A类砂岩的构造缝及溶蚀孔隙均较发育,渗透率较高、孔隙度分布范围广,代表第二期油气充注的蓝色荧光强。D类砂岩的长石及软岩屑含量稍高,晚期溶蚀作用发育,孔隙度较高、渗透率低,黄色和蓝色荧光共存。A、D两类为有效的致密气藏储层,成岩、成藏过程有差异,D类砂岩早期与晚期油气充注共存,早期油气充注减缓后期压实和碳酸盐胶结作用的发生,有利于晚期酸性溶蚀及油气充注。A类砂岩裂缝发育,对储集性能的影响大,渗透性好,晚期油气充注受早期油气充注的影响小。