旋转多基线数字近景摄影测量

提出了一种全新的数字近景摄影测量方法——旋转多基线数字近景摄影测量。该方法通过应用旋转摄影增大了摄影视场角,应用“多基线”的摄影方式增大了摄影交会角,提高了交会精度,并且解决了近景摄影测量中大交会角影像难以实现自动匹配的困难。同时,该方法将传统的区域网空中三角测量应用于近景摄影测量,用于影像外方位元素的解算,在提高精度的同时减少了外业工作量,提高了生产效率。     

多基线数字近景摄影测量在建筑工程中的应用

多基线数字近景摄影测量与传统近景摄影测量相比,具有短基线、大重叠度的特点,短基线使得相邻光束交会角较小,易于提高影像匹配精度;大重叠度使得首尾交会角较大,从而可提高空间点定位精度。该方法有效地解决了影像匹配、交会角和点定位精度三者之间存在的矛盾。首先,利用非量测数码相机进行多基线平行摄影,借助Lensphoto软件实现建筑物立面点坐标的量测,并将其与高精度莱卡全站仪测量结果进行精度对比,最后分析控制点个数与点位精度之间的关系。实验表明,多基线近景摄影测量在建筑工程测量中可以取得较高的点位精度,控制点个数的增加会提高点位精度,但存在一定极限。     

多基线数字近景摄影平面地表测量可行性研究

以非量测性的数码相机高精度几何标定技术和多基线数字近景摄影测量技术为基础,本文设计出用于平面地表测量的可靠方法,经过理论研究和实验分析,验证了近景摄影测量用于平面地表测量的精度和可行性,为平面地表的地面近景摄影测量提供了便捷、可靠的途径,并为地面变形监测提供了有价值的参考方案。     

采石场边坡多基线数字近景摄影测量精度的影响因素分析

分析影响多基线数字近景摄影测量三维景观重建精度的因素,并结合徐州市凤山采石场边坡进行研究分析,提出提高测量精度的措施及最佳测量方案。     

多基线数字近景摄影测量系统的应用分析

简要介绍了多基线数字近景摄影测量系统的原理、特点、作业流程,通过野外工程实践对大比例尺测图的作业方法及步骤进行了详细介绍,并对相应软件系统0的测图精度进行分析和评价,说明Lensphoto软件具有高精度、高自动化、高效率等特点,可以大大减少外业工作,降低了劳动强度,提高生产效率,测图精度完全满足规范要求。     

多基线数字近景摄影测量在建筑立面提取中的应用

多基线数字近景摄影测量利用旋转或平行摄影方式,通过相邻光束交会角小来提高匹配精度和速度,以短基线大重叠度增加总体交会角来提高点位解算精度,为解决匹配、交会角和精度3者之间的矛盾提供了有效的途径,且具有不接触对象、精度高、外业简单等优点,被越来越多地应用于实际的工程中。最后采用多基线数字近景摄影测量完成某建筑物立面的提取,满足规范的要求,验证了多基线数字近景摄影测量具有良好的工程应用价值。     

基于多基线数字近景摄影测量测制1:500地形图的应用研究

主要阐述了基于多基线数字近景摄影测量技术测制1∶500地形图的的可行性、成图流程和成图精度等,并阐述了生产过程中各个方面的技术难点及其解决方法和建议。试验结果表明,该方法可行、精度可靠,但是有其局限性。     

多基线数字近景摄影测量技术在工程测量中的应用

多基线数字近景摄影测量系统是以计算机视觉原理（多基线）代替人眼双目视觉（单基线）传统摄影测量原理,从空间一个点由两条光线交会的摄影测量基本法则变化为空间一个点由多条光线交会而成的全新概念。本文介绍了按照多基线数字近景摄影测量系统的工作流程,应用lensphoto系统在大同至西安客专II标杨家河大桥西边坡和小直峪大桥东边坡的工程中进行了实践,并对测绘成果进行了对比分析。     

近景摄影测量技术在数字城市中的应用

介绍了基于近景摄影测量技术建立数字城市的方式以及实际成果应用现状,并以故宫古代建筑物的数字化测绘和古代建筑遗迹为研究对象,结合激光扫描成像测量技术,探索了一种建立数字城市的新方法。     

Some Thoughts on the Emergence of Digital Close Range Photogrammetry

This presentation offers some thoughts on the emergence (that is essentially to say the commercial acceptance and exploitation) of close range digital photogrammetric systems. The discussion is restricted to systems based on standard photogrammetric processes involving digital frame imagery. Systems are classified into three tiers which are distinguished not only by accuracy and cost, but also by the degree to which a technology transfer has taken place from the specialist photogrammetrist to the non-specialist user. This technology transfer, it will be argued, has facilitated dramatic growth in the application of low accuracy, low cost three dimensional modelling systems in areas such as heritage recording, multimedia, process plant documentation and forensic photogrammetry. Along with automation, this technology transfer has also largely accounted for the wider use of high accuracy, high cost, off line and real time vision metrology systems in large scale industrial metrology. Rapid growth in these two system categories is then contrasted against the more modest advances being witnessed in the traditional close range photogrammetric service sector. Prospects for the future are also touched upon.     

数字近景摄影测量中人工标志点快速自动匹配

针对数字近景摄影测量中的人工标志点快速自动匹配问题,提出了一种基于双片空间前方交会的匹配算法。首先,通过计算投影线间的最短距离确定一组初始匹配点;然后通过双片空间前方交会计算相应物方点坐标;最后反求该物方点坐标在其他像片上的像点坐标,通过比较该像点与初始匹配点的坐标差确定同名像点。两组实验均证明,该算法计算速度快,具有高匹配率和低误匹配率。     

Megapixels, Millimetres and Microsieverts: Packaging Digital Photogrammetry for Emerging Industrial Markets

As the performance of megapixel digital imaging systems continues to improve, the rapid growth of high-end consumer markets drives prices ever lower. When such cameras are married with emerging, desktop "photogrammetric" software packages, the close range photogrammetric community is faced with many new challenges and opportunities. The dramatic changes in the technological arena are matched by a rapidly changing business environment in which concepts such as "Partnering" and "Supply chain management" have become key themes. As organizations of all sizes seek to thrive within this new business landscape, there appears to be a willingness to think more flexibly about the client-supplier relationship and the sharing of risks and rewards. This, in turn, has encouraged the development of highly customized measurement solutions across a wide range of market sectors. In each of these solutions the emphasis is not on a generic photogrammetric product, but on a highly tailored system tightly coupled to existing workflows, and focused on the specific needs of the client. Such systems pose particular challenges to their designers, since they are frequently operated by users with relatively little photogrammetric background and yet must always meet the challenging requirement of producing an output which is "fit for purpose". Thus this paper hopes to show how novel megapixel imaging systems can be configured to deliver flexible measurement systems capable of millimetric level accuracy within the challenging engineering environments typical of the nuclear and process industries (hence the microsievert component of the title).     

GPS辅助数字摄影测量

数码相机在航空摄影测量中的应用,没有了传统胶片的冲洗等后处理过程,拍摄完毕马上就能对拍摄的影像质量以及拍摄有无漏洞进行检查,这就使得航摄作业快速、灵活、方便。GPS与数码相机结合应用于摄影测量将极大地减少航摄地面控制测量的工作量,这必将大力促进数码相机在摄影测量中的应用。     

基于Lensphoto系统的土石方计算方法应用

土石方计算工程的实际意义非常重大,因而选择基于多基线数字近景摄影测量系统的土石方计算方法进行了研究,并通过实例与其他常用土石方计算方法进行了比较,结果表明多基线近景摄影测量技术在土石方计算中具有速度快、精度高、工作流程简单等特点.     

Digital close range photogrammetry for measurement of soil erosion

Many of the processes involved in soil erosion have dimensions on the millimetre scale. Modelling and quantification of such processes require information on soil surface topography with adequate resolution. The purpose of this study was to generate digital elevation models (DEMs) from soil surfaces with high spatial and temporal resolution. Digital photogrammetry was applied for measuring erosion rates on complex-shaped soil surfaces under laboratory rainfall conditions. A total of 60 DEMs were generated, covering a planimetric area of 16 m². The DEMs had a grid resolution of 3 mm. A vertical precision of approximately 1 mm was desired for DEM analysis. A consumer-grade digital camera was used for image acquisition. The camera was calibrated using BLUH software. Homologous points in overlapping images were identified with least squares matching software. Irregularly spaced object coordinates were interpolated to a regular grid in a geographic information system. The resulting DEMs represented the soil surface well. A precision of 1·26 mm in the vertical was attained. The precision of DEM production was limited to camera calibration. Improvements of the setup presented could include the use of better control points and more advanced image matching strategies for identification of homologous points. The DEMs allowed for detailed analysis of soil surface evolution.     

从数字摄影测量工作站(DPW)到数字摄影测量网格(DPGrid)

指出了现今的数字摄影测量工作站存在的问题,总结了当今数字摄影测量理论的发展,包括影像匹配与观测值的“独立性”原则、多基线近景摄影测量与广义点的概念。结合数字摄影测量硬件与理论的发展,引出由数字摄影测量工作站发展为数字摄影测量网格的理念,说明了数字摄影测量网格的结构、功能,包括基于刀片机的集成处理系统、基于网络的全无缝测图系统及其特点,讨论了数字摄影测量与计算机视觉的关系,介绍了数字摄影测量网格已取得的成果。     

Assessment of Dem Quality for Characterizing Surface Roughness Using Close Range Digital Photogrammetry

This paper presents a procedure for assessing the quality of a digital elevation model (DEM) which has been applied to the output of a normalized cross correlation based stereomatching algorithm. Using semimetric photography of natural gravel river bed surfaces acquired in the field, digital photogrammetry was used to extract DEMs automatically for use in characterizing surface roughness properties. The procedure for assessing DEM quality involves examination of (i) ortho-images, to provide a qualitative check on stereomatching performance; (ii) DEM collection statistics which quantify the percentage of correctly matched pixels as a function of those interpolated; and (iii) height differences between check points, measured using independent field survey, and corresponding DEM points. The concepts of precision, accuracy and reliability are defined in the context of DEM quality assessment and methods are outlined which can be used to assess these variables. The assessment is conducted for two adjacent stereopairs with similar characteristics, considering the effects of both DEM collection parameters and different lens models upon DEM quality. Results show that digital photogrammetry, in conjunction with independent field survey, can be used successfully for extracting high resolution, small scale DEMs from natural gravel surfaces. Components (i) and (ii) of the quality assessment suggest the need to optimize DEM collection parameters, although the effects of not using a properly specified lens model were minimal at this scale. Method (iii) showed that increasing stereomatching success does not necessarily lead to more accurately estimated DEM points. However, the use of method (iii) remained difficult because of the scale of the photogrammetric application being used; check point positioning within the photogrammetric co-ordinate system was only possible to ±10 mm which, for a gravel bed surface, was associated with elevation variance of a similar, sometimes greater, magnitude. The next stage of this research will require the use of higher quality check data, possibly from laser profiling.