Ⅳ类场地某医院隔震结构抗震设防参数确定

针对隔震技术在Ⅳ类场地应用抗震设防参数不明确问题,以天津塘沽某医院工程场地抗震设防参数确定为例,在充分考虑了工程场地的地震环境和地质条件的基础上进行土层反应分析,给出了场地相关反应谱,按当前的法律法规标定场地相关反应谱给出了场地设计谱,再以场地设计谱为目标谱拟合给出了地表设计地震动时程(包括人造地震动时程和调整后天然时程),满足了隔震结构抗震设计对抗震设防要求,有利于隔震技术在Ⅳ类场地建筑结构中的应用推广。     

村镇建筑砌体结构滑移隔震性能研究1

村镇建筑多以砖混结构为主,抗震性能相对较弱,砂垫层摩擦滑移隔震技术由于诸多优点较适合广大农村建筑.本文介绍了砂垫层基础滑移隔震的设计原则和分析模型,以常见的两层砖混结构为例,采用Abaqus有限元软件分析不同摩擦系数、不同加速度峰值下隔震层的滑移,并在此基础上确定隔震层在多遇和罕遇地震作用下的摩擦系数及滑移量建议限值;通过验算不同砂浆的抗震受剪承载力,得出不同摩擦力作用下满足抗震受剪承载力的最低砂浆标准,所得结论对农村滑移隔震建筑的选材具有一定参考意义.     

黏滞阻尼器减震框架结构保持正常使用功能的设计要求探讨

《建设工程抗震管理条例》要求两区八类建筑需采用减隔震技术,并保证设防地震时能够满足正常使用要求。目前针对减震结构满足正常使用功能的设计方法尚未达成共识。RISN-TG 046—2023《基于保持建筑正常使用功能的抗震技术导则》等新编标准针对减震结构提出了系统的基于性能的设计要求。基于一个8层RC框架采用黏滞阻尼器的减震结构案例,按照该标准及其他现行标准的不同要求进行了减震设计,对比了不同设计方案的土建成本及地震响应,并对减震结构的剪力、位移角和构件损伤进行了讨论,结果表明,在进行减震结构设计时,建议按照RISN-TG 046—2023《基于保持建筑正常使用功能的抗震技术导则》要求控制设防地震下的层间位移角,可按照DGJ 08-9—2013《建筑抗震设计规程》或JGJ 3—2010《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》或GB 50011—2010《建筑抗震设计规范》)控制承载力,为减震结构保持设防地震下正常使用功能的设计提供参考。     

农居抗震房与隔震房地震动输入有限元分析

使用SAP2000有限元软件对新疆农村地区典型单层砌体抗震房与采用摩擦滑移隔震技术的同户型隔震房进行地震反应对比分析。考虑在不同设防烈度情况下结构的地震反应变化规律。对结构的模态、顶部绝对加速度和层间位移反应进行了比较,验证了摩擦滑移隔震体系的隔震性能。     

模块化钢框架摩擦摆隔震结构抗震性能研究

将摩擦摆隔震体系应用在模块化钢框架结构中,研究摩擦摆支座对模块化结构整体性能的影响规律。基于ETABS有限元软件,考虑模块化节点刚域对结构刚度的影响,采用摩擦摆隔震体系对某模块化建筑示范综合办公楼进行基础隔震设计与研究,并进行了多遇地震作用下的弹性时程分析、设防烈度和罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析。分析结果表明,节点刚域对抗震结构地震响应的影响比对隔震结构地震响应的影响更大。FPS隔震体系在多遇地震作用下隔震效果不明显,在设防烈度及罕遇地震作用下能起到良好的隔震作用。罕遇地震作用下,隔震结构中仅发现少量梁铰,无柱铰出现,上部结构结构基本处于弹性,隔震效果显著。     

核电站结构隔震研究进展

基底隔震已经大量应用于一般民用建筑中,被认为是在剧烈地震中保护建筑物最具发展前景的技术之一,但对于核电站这类特殊的建筑物应用较少,且研究比较薄弱。介绍了核电站水平及三维隔震装置的研发及性能测试,概述了核电站隔震系统抗震性能的研究进展和核电站隔震设计规范,指出了在核电站中应用隔震技术还有待解决的问题,对今后核电站隔震的研究提出了一些建议。     

软土场地基础隔震建筑减震性能研究

本文研究土与结构相互作用(SSI)对多层及中高层基础隔震建筑地震需求及隔震效率的影响规律,隔震层采用LRB铅芯橡胶与LNR普通橡胶隔震支座组合,就我国现行《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)中软土场地设置隔震层问题做探讨。提出土与基础隔震结构相互作用的简化计算模型,对不同场地及隔震设计目标下的多层及中高层基础隔震结构进行时程分析。研究表明:软土场地基础隔震建筑隔震层的有效隔震效率相对于硬土场地有所下降,必须通过设置具有一定规格的LRB支座来满足隔震目标。本文给出了铅芯橡胶支座极限变形需求随建筑层高及隔震目标变化的规律。     

西昌市某高层剪力墙结构隔震设计与分析

针对西昌市某高层钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构进行了橡胶支座隔震设计和抗震性能分析。西昌市抗震设防烈度为9度,历史上曾发生过7.5级地震。该工程场址地质构造较复杂,东侧区域有一条隐伏断层,属则木河断裂带次生断层。则木河断裂带是川西主要发震断裂带之一,至今仍是一条活动较强烈的大断裂。按照《建筑抗震设计规范》(2016版)要求,取近场影响系数1.5,以提高结构的安全度;选取Ⅱ类场地5条天然地震波和2条人工模拟地震波,共计七条符合规范要求的地震波;基于SAP2000软件对结构进行了隔震设计,中震作用下结构层间剪力和倾覆弯矩减震系数最大值为0.24,比非隔震结构地震响应减小显著,罕遇地震下隔震支座的面压、水平位移能够满足规范要求。采用ABAQUS对结构进行了罕遇地震动力弹塑性时程分析,结果表明结构能够满足"大震不倒"的抗震设防目标。     

采用基础摩擦隔震房屋高宽比限值的研究

大量的试验结果和地震经验表明，采用基础隔震方法能有效地提高建筑物的抗震能力，但建筑物的高度在什么范围，即建筑物的高宽比在什么范围内才适合采用这种方法，仍然是一个有待解决的课题。本文对采用基础滑移隔震多层砌体房屋在实际地震作用下的抗倾覆高宽比限值进行了研究，利用Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ－θ数值积分方法计算，得到了多层砌体房屋的高宽比限值的统计值。其数值结果可供编制建筑隔震设计规程参考。     

陕西关中地区不同超越概率水平下地震动峰值加速度关系研究

本文以关中四城市地震小区划工作为基础,统计分析了陕西关中地区不同超越概率水平下基岩地震动峰值加速度之间的关系及空间分布特征。针对中硬场地,统计得出了关中地区多遇地震、罕遇地震与设防地震作用的地面峰值加速度比值的均值分别为0.34和1.69。通过与现行建筑抗震设计规范进行了对比分析认为,若以关中城市地震小区划图作为抗震设防标准,按照《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2010)中有关规定对一般建筑物进行地震作用计算,所考虑的地震作用是合理、安全的。本文研究成果有助于地震小区划图的推广和应用。     

核电工程应用隔震技术的可行性探讨

本文旨在观察和分析有关基底隔震技术在核电工程中应用的相关问题,重点讨论如何将此类已经相当成熟的技术应用于核电这一类十分特殊、十分重要、十分敏感而又十分复杂的工程中.文中指出隔震技术有很多优点,可以整体改进核电工程的安全性和可靠性,有利于促进未来核电厂设计和建造的标准化,缩短建设时间,降低建厂的初始投资和生命周期中的运行...     

摩擦-钢管混凝土短柱复合隔震支座性能试验与隔震分析

作者在钢管混凝土柱支座隔震房屋实验研究中发现,隔震支座中上盖与底座的接触无论如何处理,摩擦力总是存在的．因此,隔震支座实际上是摩擦耗能与钢管混凝土耗能复合减震系统。本文通过对单个和一组隔震支座的实验研究,确定了短柱支座的恢复力模型,采用了高阶单步算法分析了装有此类支座隔震结构的地震反应,验证了复合隔震支座良好的隔震性能及隔震效果。     

Pushover analysis of base-isolated steel–concrete composite structures under near-fault excitations

In the present study, the seismic behavior of steel–concrete composite structures isolated by base-isolation devices under near-fault earthquake excitations is numerically investigated. The seismic analysis is performed by means of the static non-linear (pushover) analysis procedure conducted on two five-storey three-dimensional (3-D) buildings with steel columns and steel–concrete composite slabs and beams. The present 3-D building examples are assumed to be located at a near-fault area in order to take into account the effect of strong ground motion on the isolation devices. The results of this study allowed the verification of the adequacy of the attachment isolation system as well as the comparison of the behavior of the seismic-protected building with or without bracings to the unprotected buildings with or without bracings, showing the benefits of the application of the isolation devices, the limitations and the characteristics of their performance.     

Simulation of the response of base-isolated buildings under earthquake excitations considering soil flexibility

The accurate analysis of the seismic response of isolated structures requires incorporation of the flexibility of supporting soil.However,it is often customary to idealize the soil as rigid during the analysis of such structures.In this paper,seismic response time history analyses of base-isolated buildings modelled as linear single degree-of-freedom(SDOF) and multi degree-of-freedom(MDOF) systems with linear and nonlinear base models considering and ignoring the flexibility of supporting soil are conducted.The flexibility of supporting soil is modelled through a lumped parameter model consisting of swaying and rocking spring-dashpots.In the analysis,a large number of parametric studies for different earthquake excitations with three different peak ground acceleration(PGA) levels,different natural periods of the building models,and different shear wave velocities in the soil are considered.For the isolation system,laminated rubber bearings(LRBs) as well as high damping rubber bearings(HDRBs) are used.Responses of the isolated buildings with and without SSI are compared under different ground motions leading to the following conclusions:(1) soil flexibility may considerably influence the stiff superstructure response and may only slightly influence the response of the flexible structures;(2) the use of HDRBs for the isolation system induces higher structural peak responses with SSI compared to the system with LRBs;(3) although the peak response is affected by the incorporation of soil flexibility,it appears insensitive to the variation of shear wave velocity in the soil;(4) the response amplifications of the SDOF system become closer to unit with the increase in the natural period of the building,indicating an inverse relationship between SSI effects and natural periods for all the considered ground motions,base isolations and shear wave velocities;(5) the incorporation of SSI increases the number of significant cycles of large amplitude accelerations for all the stories,especially for earthquakes with low and moderate PGA levels;and(6) buildings with a linear LRB base-isolation system exhibit larger differences in displacement and acceleration amplifications,especially at the level of the lower stories.     

Seismic response of light internal equipment in base-isolated structures

The seismic response of light secondary systems in a building is dependent on the response of the primary structural system to the seismic ground motion with the result that very high accelerations can be induced in such secondary systems. This response can be reduced through the use of aseismic base isolation which is a design strategy whereby the entire building can be decoupled from the damaging horizontal components of seismic ground motion by the use of some form of isolation system. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the response of light equipment in isolated structures and a parallel experimental programme both of which show that the use of base isolation can not only attenuate the response of the primary structural system but also reduce the response of secondary systems. Thus, the design of equipment and piping in a base-isolated building is very much simpler than that for a conventionally founded structure: inelastic response and equipment-structure interaction need not be considered and multiple support response analysis is rendered unnecessary. Although an isolation system with linear elastic bearings can reduce the acceleration of the structure, it may be accompanied by large relative displacements between the structure and the ground. A system using lead-rubber hysteretic bearings, having a force-displacement relation which is approximately a bilinear loop, can reduce these displacements. A parallel experimental programme was carried out to investigate the response of light equipment in structures isolated using lead-rubber bearings. The experimental results show that these bearings can dissipate energy and limit the displacement and acceleration of the structure but are less effective in reducing the accelerations in the internal equipment. The results of both the analysis and the tests show that base isolation is a very effective method for the seismic protection of light equipment items in buildings.     

On the seismic behavior of cylindrical base-isolated liquid storage tanks excited by long-period ground motions

A common effective method to reduce the seismic response of liquid storage tanks is to isolate them at base using base-isolation systems. It has been observed that in many earthquakes, the foregoing systems significantly affect on the whole system response reduction. However, in exceptional cases of excitation by long-period shaking, the base-isolation systems could have adverse effects. Such earthquakes could cause tank damage due to excessive liquid sloshing. Therefore, the numerical seismic response of liquid storage tanks isolated by bilinear hysteretic bearing elements is investigated under long-period ground motions in this research. For this purpose, finite shell elements for the tank structure and boundary elements for the liquid region are employed. Subsequently, fluid–structure equations of motion are coupled with governing equation of base-isolation system, to represent the whole system behavior. The governing equations of motion of the whole system are solved by an iterative and step-by-step algorithm to evaluate the response of the whole system to the horizontal component of three ground motions. The variations of seismic shear forces, liquid sloshing heights, and tank wall radial displacements are plotted under various system parameters such as the tank geometry aspect ratio (height to radius), and the flexibility of the isolation system, to critically examine the effects of various system parameters on the effectiveness of the base-isolation systems against long-period ground motions. From these analyses, it may be concluded that with the installation of this type of base-isolation system in liquid tanks, the dynamic response of tanks during seismic ground motions can be considerably reduced. Moreover, in the special case of long-period ground motions, the seismic response of base-isolated tanks may be controlled by the isolation system only at particular conditions of slender and broad tanks. For the case of medium tanks, remarkable attentions would be required to be devoted to the design of base-isolation systems expected to experience long-period ground motions.     

基于自由振动响应的基础隔震建筑减震能力评估方法研究

目前国内外已修建完成了大量隔震建筑,但仅有少量经受了地震检验,绝大部分隔震结构减震能力能否达到设计目标尚存疑问.本文针对基础隔震建筑,提出了一种基于自由振动响应的减震能力评估方法.首先,对隔震建筑进行多级幅值初位移自由振动原位试验,获取结构的抗震能力曲线;其次,根据地震反应谱建立地震需求曲面,进而确定隔震结构性能点;最...     

An alternative approach for the seismic rehabilitation of existing RC buildings using seismic isolation

Usually, buildings with seismic isolation are designed to comply with an operational building performance level after strong earthquakes. This approach, however, may limit the use of seismic isolation for the seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings with low lateral strength or substandard details, because it often requires invasive strengthening measures in the superstructure or the use of expensive custom‐made devices. In this paper, an alternative approach for the seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings with seismic isolation, based on the acceptance of limited plastic deformations in the superstructure under strong earthquakes, is proposed and then applied to a real case study, represented by a four‐storey RC frame building. Nonlinear response‐time histories analyses of an accurate model of the case‐study building are carried out to evaluate the seismic performances of the structure, comparing different rehabilitation strategies with and without seismic isolation. Initial costs of the intervention and possible (future) repair costs are then estimated. Based on the results of this study, values of the behavior factor (i.e. response modification factor) higher than those adopted in the current codes for base‐isolated buildings are tentatively proposed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高层建筑被动混合控制的波动分析

本文提出了一种将基础隔震系统与调频质量阻尼器（ＴＭＤ）相结合的被动混合控制系统,计算了带有基础隔震系统,调频质量阻尼器（ＴＭＤ）及其混合控制系统的高层建筑在地面水平运动作用下的振动波及其功率大小,文中比较了不同控制结构在１９４０ＥｌＣｅｎｔｒｏ地震动作用下的加速度峰值,层间位移峰值和最大层间剪力值。理论及数值结果表明：这种被动混合控制系统能够非常有效地抑制地面运动作用下高层建筑的振动,它不仅大大地     

Shake table testing of un‐reinforced brick masonry building test model isolated by U‐FREI

This paper presents a detailed study on feasibility of un‐bonded fiber reinforced elastomeric isolator (U‐FREI) as an alternative to steel reinforced elastomeric isolator (SREI) for seismic isolation of un‐reinforced masonry buildings. Un‐reinforced masonry buildings are inherently vulnerable under seismic excitation, and U‐FREIs are used for seismic isolation of such buildings in the present study. Shake table testing of a base isolated two storey un‐reinforced masonry building model subjected to four prescribed input excitations is carried out to ascertain its effectiveness in controlling seismic response. To compare the performance of U‐FREI, same building is placed directly on the shake table without isolator, and fixed base (FB) condition is simulated by restraining the base of the building with the shake table. Dynamic response characteristic of base isolated (BI) masonry building subjected to different intensities of input earthquakes is compared with the response of the same building without base isolation system. Acceleration response amplification and peak response values of test model with and without base isolation system are compared for different intensities of table acceleration. Distribution of shear forces and moment along the height of the structure and response time histories indicates significant reduction of dynamic responses of the structure with U‐FREI system. This study clearly demonstrates the improved seismic performance of un‐reinforced masonry building model supported on U‐FREIs under the action of considered ground motions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.