国家基础地理信息系统1:5万数字高程模型建成

由国家基础地理信息中心、陕西测绘局、黑龙江测绘局、四川测绘局、海南测绘局、山西省测绘局等共同完成的国家基础地理信息系统1:5万数字高     

1:50000 数字高程模型(DEM)的质量控制

通过 1:5 0 0 0 0数字高程模型生产实践 ,对生产过程中容易出现问题的环节提出了相应的质量控制方法     

数字高程模型的建立及质量控制探讨

详细阐述了数字高程模型(DEM)的原理结构,以及作为基础地理信息数据的DEM的意义和作用。同时介绍了哈尔滨市DEM的建立及质量控制。     

1：50000数字高程模型（DEM）的质量控制

通过1：50000数字高程模型生产实践，对生产过程中容易出现问题的环节提出了相应的质量控制方法。     

数字高程模型产品的质量控制和质量模糊综合评价

随着测绘技术的发展,测绘产品的科技含量大大提高,其质量特点也发生了质的变化.讨论"4D"产品之一的DEM产品的质量控制问题,并以模糊数学的原理为基础,建立DEM产品质量的模糊综合评价模型.     

1：5万矢量地图数据库建库的质量控制

本文介绍了1：5万矢量地图数据库的基本情况，论述了建库过程中的质量控制方法和措施，认为数据质量控制是一项集管理与技术于一体的系统工程，不仅要制定严格的规章制度，而且要有合适的质量检查和控制软件系统。     

测绘产品建库数据的质量控制

以DLG建库数据为例,指出了测绘产品建库数据是地理信息系统的核心内容,扼要阐述了各阶段质量控制要点及其质量控制的主要内容。     

浅谈1:10000数字高程模型更新方法和技巧

在1∶10 000地形图框架要素数据成果中,提取等高线、高程点及面状水系等要素作为此次数字高程模型(DEM)更新的主要数据源。对DEM的制作过程进行了分析归纳,总结了提高数字高程模型质量的有效方法。     

1:10000基础测绘建库数据生产的质量控制

本文结合产中的实际工作经验,较为全面地介绍了基础测绘建库1∶1万数据的生产流程及在各个生产环节中存在的产品质量的因素、产生的原因,并提出了产品质量控制的方法及路线,对提高基础测绘建库1∶1万数据的质量具有非常重要的实际意义。     

数字高程模型内插方法的可视化对比研究

在生产或生活中应用数字高程模型内插时,最关键的问题就是怎样选取恰当的内插方法来满足高程数据建模的需求。不同的DEM内插方法随地貌地区和采样点方式的不同存在不同的误差。本文使用V isual Basic语言将数字高程模型内插方法编写成一套能够快捷方便的获取内插点高程的内插软件系统,可以使应用人员直接捕捉地面点高程,并获得地形的可视化信息,由此可以直观地观察到在同一地区相同采样点方式的条件下采用不同的内插方法引起的内插精度等质量方面的优劣区别,从而获取最优的内插方法,有效地满足DEM的生产、质量控制、精度评定和分析应用等各个环节。     

A total error-based multiquadric method for surface modeling of digital elevation models

Digital elevation model (DEM) source data are subject to both horizontal and vertical errors owing to improper instrument operation, physical limitations of sensors, and bad weather conditions. These factors may bring a negative effect on some DEM-based applications requiring low levels of positional errors. Although classical smoothing interpolation methods have the ability to handle vertical errors, they are prone to omit horizontal errors. Based on the statistical concept of the total least squares method, a total error-based multiquadric (MQ-T) method is proposed in this paper to reduce the effects of both horizontal and vertical errors in the context of DEM construction. In nature, the classical multiquadric (MQ) method is a vertical error regression procedure, whereas MQ-T is an orthogonal error regression model. Two examples, including a numerical test and a real-world example, are employed in a comparative performance analysis of MQ-T for surface modeling of DEMs. The numerical test indicates that MQ-T performs better than the classical MQ in terms of root mean square error. The real-world example of DEM construction with sample points derived from a total station instrument demonstrates that regardless of the sample interval and DEM resolution, MQ-T is more accurate than classical interpolation methods including inverse distance weighting, ordinary kriging, and Australian National University DEM. Therefore, MQ-T can be considered as an alternative interpolator for surface modeling with sample points subject to both horizontal and vertical errors.     

利用1:2000数字地形图编制1:10000建库数据的实践与探索

目前,我国很多城市拥有适时更新的大比例尺数字地形图,如何利用已有资源快捷地编制中小比例尺的建库数据,值得研究和探讨.文中给出在MicroStation中利用1:2 000数字地形图编制1:10 000建库数据的方法与技术.使用数字高程模型编制等高线并结合地形和高程模型进行等高线的编辑、裁剪,采取从数字地形图上直接拾取和外业调查相结合的方式获取地形要素的属性值,有效解决编制地理信息系统建库数据的实际问题.     

制作1:5万TM影像图的关键技术

为了适应面广量大且需求仍在不断增长的1:5万专题调查制图的需要,我们采用数字插值放大、优化波段组合的光机复合处理技术,探索了1:5万高质量TM影像图的制作技术。本文介绍了制作1:5万高质量TM影像图的基本工艺方案及技术关键:(1)对TM图像磁带数据进行实数倍(2.28倍)双向线性插值放大,(2)在C-4500扫描仪上用50μm光点扫描获得比例尺为1:25万的潜影图像,(3)把潜影图像经显影、定影处理,再光学放大5倍,获得1:5万TM影像图。从我们结合有关任务先后在河北省南皮县、黑龙江省穆稜县和山东省莱洲湾等地区进行的试验研究看,均取得了良好效果。     

A novel method for automating the checking and correction of digital elevation models using orthophotographs

This article presents a complete mathematical model, which translates discrepancies between two orthophotographs created from different photographs, into precise corrections of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM). These corrections are the differences from the real surface and, if applied over the existing DEM, can produce a more accurate one. The mathematical model is straightforward, and is not approximate, and therefore there is no need for iterations.
Possible applications include checking of automatically created DEMs, refinement of existing DEMs using aerial photographs and update of orthophotographs based on the previous DEM and new imagery.     

Constrained regularization of digital terrain elevation data

A framework for geometric regularization of elevation maps is introduced in this letter. The framework takes into account errors in the data, which form part of standard elevation maps specifications, as well as possible additional user/application-dependent constraints. The algorithm is based on adapting the theory of geometric active surfaces to the problem of regularizing elevation maps. We present the underlying concepts and numerical experiments showing the effectiveness and potential of this theory.     

Cartosat-1 height product and ICESat/GLAS data for digital elevation surface generation

Space born systems like Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) onboard collect data for ice, cloud and Land. Elevation satellite (ICESat) collects an unparalleled data set as waveform over terrestrial targets, helps in evaluating the global elevation data. In this study we compared the Digital Elevation Surface (DES) generated by Cartosat-1 point data and DES generated by merging the Cartosat-1 data with ICESat data. Outputs in the form of interpolated surfaces were evaluated with the help of differential global positioning system (DGPS) points collected from study area. The study showed the results that the DES generated from Cartosat — 1 data had less elevation accuracy when compared with the DGPS data. While merging Cartosat-1 point height data with ICESat/GLAS data resulted in better accuracy. On the practical side for processing the interpolation, based on the research the ICESat /GLAS with Cartosat-1 height data can produce better DES compared to the Cartosat-1 stereo data. The DES was generated using geostatistical interpolation methods in which the global polynomial method proved to be the better for generating the surface compare to other interpolation techniques studied in this work. For co-kriging method, the accuracy decreases compare to the kriging interpolation, due to the complexity of parameters that were used for interpolation. On the theory side, based on this research the statement of which interpolation technique is better than the other cannot be mentioned easily, because these are based on the data type, parameters and also on method of interpolation. So research experiment should be more intensely and with more focused.     

Facets of uncertainty in digital elevation and slope modeling

IntroductionWith sophistication of information technologysuch as global positioning system and remotesensing,anincreasing quantity of digital terraindata is produced fromvarious sources ,contribu-tingto accurate mapping and dynamic monitoringof the natural and built landscapes[1-3]. The val-ue of spatial information, however , dependsheavily on a good understanding and proper han-dling of uncertainty , which occurs due to the in-ability of any information systems to representthe real world as …     

基于MVC的J2EE WebGIS数据库模型研究与实现

对J2EE(Java 2 Enterprise Edition)环境下几种WebGIS应用开发模式进行比较,分析各种模式的优缺点,重点研究基于MVC的设计模式,探讨WebGIS数据的组织,提出一种基于MVC的多层J2EE WebGIS数据库模型架构,应用该模型在Struts框架下实现了上海某区土地部门网络数据库业务系统,该系统不仅较好地支持了该区土地业务部门的业务管理,而且提供了WebGIS子系统,业务人员在进行与土地地理位置相关的业务处理时,能够图形与业务文件互见,大大提高了业务人员的工作效率,验证了提出的模型架构具有较好的可扩展性和易维护性。