Electrophoretic and meristlc separation of blue maomao and sweep P. J. Smith,B. A. Wood,and P. G. Benson

Fourteen proteins and 12 morphometric characters were examined in specimens of blue maomao and sweep to resolve the question: Are they one or two species? Specimens were fixed for the same alleles at 12 protein loci and shared alleles at 4 polymorphic loci. At a further polymorphic locus they differed in allele frequency and at three loci they did not share alleles. A genetic distance of 0.209 was found between blue maomao and sweep suggesting that they diverged about 1 million years ago. One meristic character showed a difference between specimens.

On the basis of the electrophoretic data and on gill raker counts it is considered that blue maomao and sweep are two separate species. In view of reported differences from Australian specimens the allocation of scientific names at least to sweep remains uncertain.     

Launch and impact of free-fall lifeboats. Part II. Implementation and applications

There is a great interest in a practical method of predicting the behaviour of a free-fall lifeboat, when dropped from an offshore platform or from a ship, in order to assess the risk of injury to the occupants. In particular, for those environmental conditions in which full-scale experiments are very difficult, one can benefit from numerical prediction. The hydrodynamic impact of the boat at water entry is a complex problem and makes the establishment of an analytical prediction method a challenging task.This paper is the second of two articles outlining a practical method for simulating the water entry of a free-fall lifeboat. The first article (Part I: impact theory) [Boef, W. J. C. (1992), Ocean Engng19, 119–138] reviewed the relevant literature on hydrodynamic impact and outlined the theoretical model for the water entry of a lifeboat. This paper discusses the implementation of the lifeboat launch model and a method for evaluating the effects of impacts on the occupants. The results of a comparison with full-scale tests and of a case study are also included.     

球形红假单胞菌和荚膜红假单胞菌的原生质体融合

选择一株能利用无机硫化物的球形红假单胞菌 (丙酸钠 -丙露醇 )与荚膜红假单胞菌 (甘露醇 -丙酸钠 )进行种间原生质体融合。探讨了溶菌酶浓度 ,PEG浓度等对原生质体形成、再生及融合的影响。在最佳条件下原生质体融合率为 3.0 2× 10 -5。用间接选择法 ,在高渗选择培养基上选出再生的融合子 ,经过在二种选择培养基上交替连续传代十次 ,获得既可利用丙酸钠为唯一碳源又可以甘露醇为唯一碳源而生长的遗传稳定的融合株。融合子菌株对硫化物的耐受能力超过两亲本菌株 ,在 Na2 S浓度为 0 .5～ 1.0 g/ L的培养基上生长良好 ,因此在水质净化中具有潜在的应用价值。     

Morphological observation and rbcL gene sequences studies of two new species, Grateloupia dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao, sp. nov. and G. yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan, sp. nov. (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from China

A few species in the genus Grateloupia (Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta) have been investigated in detail with respect to morphological observations and molecular analyses.In this study,the authors document the vegetative and reproductive structures of two new species of Grateloupia,G.dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao,sp.nov.and G.yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan,sp.nov.They both have the morphological character that carpogonial ampullae and auxiliary cell ampullae are the simple Grateloupia-type.The two species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by their distinctive morphological features respectively.Based on ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene sequences,the phylogenetic tree obtained in the study indicated that they are both embedded within the Grateloupia clade.G.dalianensis clusters a subclade with G.asiatica,and G.yinggehaiensis forms a single monophyletic subclade with G.hawaiiana.