关于日本阪神地震的分析：球坐标下磁卫星异常的等效…

为了对磁卫星异常进行处理和分析，利用一种空间域的处理方法－球坐标下的磁异常等效源反演，可以得到假重力异常、垂向导数、延拓和化向地磁极等异常。利用对异常的处理结果说明日本孤神地震的形成原因。     

关于日本阪神地震的分析──球坐标下磁卫星异常的等效源反演

为了对磁卫星异常进行处理和分析，利用一种空间域的处理方法──球坐标下的磁异常等效源反演［１］，可以得到假重力异常、垂向导数、延拓和化向地磁极等异常。利用对异常的处理结果说明日本阪神地震的形成原因。     

兴蒙造山带区域矿产空间分布与重磁异常特征关系研究

以卫星重力数据和航磁异常数据为基础,结合已知矿床位置,分析了区域矿床处重磁异常的特点。利用相关性研究方法,总结出成矿位置重磁异常与地形高程的相关性关系,并统计重磁异常轴的方向。通过分析重磁分布特征,发现矿床呈条状、面状分布,并预测大兴安岭断裂带,额尔古纳成矿带边缘以及哈尔滨北部为矿产资源潜力区。     

卫星磁测的过去·现在·未来

论述了卫星磁测的历史、现状和对未来的展望;介绍并对比了3颗磁卫星(Magsat,Oersted,CHAMP)和由它们测得的与中国大陆和海域大地构造单元有关的6个卫星磁异常.     

磁卫星资料中国区域磁异常的地球物理解释

由磁卫星(MAGSAT)资料绘制了中国区域磁异常图。资料首先分为拂晓和黄昏二组且对每一组分别进行处理。这二组数的各阶相关系数表明短波(≤540km)特征以非壳噪声为主。根据这二组数据中波长在540～2300km谐波得出了磁异常图。它代表了在卫星高度约400km处中国地壳磁异常,其幅值在—6～7nT之间。研究区域处于中、低磁纬度,磁异常并直不同接发因源相关。为克服这一困难,把磁异常图转化成反映地磁化率横向变化的地壳磁化率图。在反演中老虑了地磁场方向和强度的变化。该磁化率异常图呈现了区域构造,前寒武克拉通为强磁性,而山脉和缝合带为低磁性区。     

岩石圈磁场研究--卫星地磁学的一个新分支

评介了卫星磁测的历史和现状 ,并向读者推荐了全球和中国的卫星磁异常图以便研究利用 ;对中国境内的卫星磁异常进行了初步的解释 ,主要结果如下 :华北、塔里木和扬子地台与正异常重合 ,而碰撞造山带、褶皱带、山脉则与负异常重合 ;塔里木、四川、松辽盆地之下 ,都有一个扁平的、致密的磁性底座 ;西藏高原地壳中的磁性层在地表以下 30 km以内 ,其磁化率约为0 .0 163SI,相当于 I型花岗岩类的磁性 ;在南中国海海域 ,有两个伸展很大的磁性层 ,位于莫霍面上下 ,黄海海域的岩石圈内也有类似的一个磁性层。     

北美区域重磁相关异常

重磁异常结合其他地质、地球物理资料进行相关分析,有利于提高位场异常地质解释的质量。利用等效点源反演绘制的图件,来研究北美及相邻海域的地面自由空间重力异常、POGO(线轨道地球物理观测)卫星磁异常,以及区域热流和构造信息间的视一空间相关关系。在卫星高度上相关异常的区域位场,也用泊松理论在重、磁场导数异常之间,移动窗口线性回归作定量分析。在大陆地区观测到长波长重磁异常之间的一种反相关关系。重力异常为负、磁力异常为正的地区,其特点是地壳相对较厚,磁化强度较高。例如:一个突出的磁力高与爱那达科盆地向辛辛那堤穹窿延伸的重力低相对应。磁力异常为负、重力异常为正的地区,其特征是地壳较薄,区域热流值较高。如:北美和中美洲的科迪勒拉地区,以及黄石地热区。虽然,海洋区域的重磁异常显示弱相关,但统计相关的符号一般为正。     

辽东翁泉沟硼矿外围硼矿资源潜力与找矿方向

辽宁省东部的翁泉沟硼矿是一个超大型硼矿床，B2O3矿物储量占全国总储量的1/4以上，利用1∶5万航磁、1∶20万区域化探和区域重力等资料，对翁泉沟硼矿周边地区硼矿资源潜力进行了分析研究，研究结果表明最新实测的1∶5万航磁异常与已知矿床（体）具有非常良好的对应关系。除已知矿床（体）的航磁异常外，在区域化探硼元素异常所指示的含硼岩系分布区还有一批航磁异常分布，而且这些航磁异常与剩余布格重力异常相互套合，说明这些异常是由强磁性、高密度地质体引起的。通过对航磁异常进行反演计算，结合研究区各类岩石物性资料，认为研究区硼矿找矿潜力巨大，具备发现新的大型以上硼矿床的条件。合理部署勘查工作，有望大幅提升该区硼矿资源量。开展硼矿找矿工作时要特别注意以往关注度不高的条痕状花岗岩出露区内航磁异常的硼矿找矿意义。     

陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿带的磁性研究

丁家林金矿床V1脉带和太阳坪金矿床V9、V4矿脉的地球物理、地球化学和地质剖面研究表明，磁化率异常基本与化探原生晕Au异常同步(具相同的指示意义)，Au出现正异常时，磁化率出现负异常，并与地质剖面的矿化部位对应很好；矿区的磁线理、磁面理等磁组构研究表明，磁组构能与岩组研究一样，解决岩石变形的应力场问题。磁性研究是金矿找矿、地质工作的有效方法与手段。     

东欧和中东岩石圈磁化率异常

一般的根据航磁异常来反演地壳磁化率差的反演方法是假设在整个所考虑的区域上核场是常数的,然而这个假设在具有几千公里伸范围的区域上是不成立的。本文研究了一种反演技术,它考虑了核场的变化,这既包括方向上的变化也包括强度上的变化。该技术也考虑了岩石圈内磁层的表面起伏。将该技术应用于东欧和中东的标量磁异常图卫星测量上,结果所得到的磁化率差图反映了该地区的主要构造特征。规模很小的前寒武地盾表现出高磁化率。阿尔卑斯—喜马拉雅造山带具有明显的磁特征。碰撞带是低磁化率区,而造山带内的大陆板块具有高磁化率。著名的库尔斯克含铁建造具有强磁化率高的特征。磁卫星已经在两个不同的地方时—黎明和黄昏测量了地球的磁场,得到两份独立的磁异常图。标量磁异常图是以这两份图的共有特征为基础绘制的。并且研究出了一种根据这两份图的相关频谱来选择那些共有特征的协方差技术。     

Estimation of lower crust magnetization from satellite derived anomaly field

Various lines of evidence point to the lower crust as the source of the long-wavelength magnetic anomaly field measured by the POGO and Magsat satellites. Using seismically determined lower crust thicknesses and equivalent source inversion of the satellite anomaly data, magnetization for the lower crust for much of the United States has been calculated. The average magnetization for two hundred sixty-six 150 × 150 km areas is 3.5 A/m with a standard deviation of 1.1 A/m. These values are consistent with laboratory measurements of mafic-ultramafic rocks expected in the lower crust, and in agreement with previous estimates of lower crust magnetization based on long-wavelength aeromagnetic data. Average lower crust thickness for the same areas is 18.2 km (σ = 6.4 km). Thus, over large regions, it appears that variation in magnetization and variation in magnetic layer thickness contribute almost equally in causing the anomaly field variation at satellite altitude.     

西藏雄村矿区地面磁测异常特征及其对找矿方向的指示

雄村矿区是西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带内已查明资源/储量达大型规模的Cu-Au矿区,已经发现了I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ号Cu-Au矿体。矿区地面磁测结果表明,矿区存在明显的高磁异常区和低磁异常区,两类异常区均有矿化显示,I号矿体位于低磁异常区,Ⅱ号矿体位于高磁异常区,磁异常特征的差异主要是因为磁铁矿含量显著不同造成的。通过对矿区地面磁测异常特征的研究,圈定出了2个低磁异常区和3个高磁异常区,综合地、物、化资料,对5个磁异常区今后的找矿思路进行了分析,为矿区及外围开展综合方法找矿提供了参考,同时,对于冈底斯斑岩铜矿带其它地段寻找该类型矿床具有十分重要的意义。     

A comparison of surface magnetic data and MAGSAT data over Italy and its surroundings

A new composite map of magnetic surface (MAGSURF) anomaly for Italy and its adjacent region has been derived from sea and ground surveys on the basis of an improved definition of the Italian Magnetic Reference Field and its temporal change. Spectral analysis of the MAGSURF anomaly field shows a regional scale energy in the wavelength range 145–500 km, due to the presence of various crustal sources. The regional MAGSURF anomaly map shows poor correlation with the corresponding MAGSAT scalar anomaly map, whose power spectrum reveals wavelength components in the range 300–700 km. The MAGSURF data are upward-continued to an elevation of 100 km for comparison with MAGSAT satellite data, downward-continued to the same altitude of 100 km and low-pass filtered for wavelengths larger than 500 km. Upward-continued surface data and downward continued satellite data show good morphological similarity for wavelengths in the range 300–500 km at an altitude of 100 km. Satellite data permit the characterization of magnetic signatures due to sources located in the middle-lower crust of Sardinia, Lombardia, Molise and Dalmatia, while further surface regional anomalies are connected with upper crust bodies of Mid Tyrrhene and East Sicily.     

European tectonic features observed by Magsat

Regional three-dimensional magnetic models have been developed to characterize the principal European long-wavelength magnetic anomalies represented on the improved magnetic anomaly map of Europe. The magnetic models were constrained by regional variations in geology and geophysical parameters (e.g., geologic boundaries, crustal thickness, heat flow). Because only limited measurements of magnetization are available on lower crustal and uppermost mantle rock samples, our results are useful in constraining and understanding the overall magnetization of these regions. Illustrations of these include: (1) geologic provinces across the Tornquist-Teisseyre tectonic zone; (2) regions of thin crust and high mantle heat flow in south-central Europe; (3) the Kursk-Voronezh magnetic anomaly; and (4) the Ladoga-Gulf of Bothnia zone. The region of the Tornquist-Teisseyre tectonic zone, that marks the boundary between the Fennoscandian-Baltic Shield and metastable Europe, is a major magnetic discontinuity. In south-central Europe, the regional magnetic variations appear to be directly related to variations in the lower crustal thickness and possibly also to heat flow. In addition, the famous Kursk (Ukraine) iron-ore deposit produces a prominent bullseye anomaly at satellite altitude. The Kiruna anomaly is modelled as having a large, deep body as its source. The high P-wave velocity, basal crustal layers encountered in rift (e.g., the Tornquist-Teisseyre tectonic zone itself) and continental arc (e.g., the Ladoga-Gulf of Bothnia zone) settings of Europe appear to be nearly non-magnetic.     

New Somali Basin magnetic anomalies and a plate model for the early Indian Ocean

The oldest portions of the Indian Ocean formed via the breakup of Gondwana and the subsequent fragmentation of East Gondwana. We present a constrained plate model for this early Indian Ocean development for the time period from Gondwana Breakup until the start of the Cretaceous Normal Superchron. The motions of the East Gondwana terranes are determined using new geophysical observations in the Somali Basin and existing geophysical interpretations from other coeval Indian Ocean basins. Within the Somali Basin, recent satellite gravity data clearly resolve traces of an east–west trending extinct spreading ridge and north–south oriented fracture zones. A thorough compilation of Somali Basin ship track magnetic data allows us to interpret magnetic anomalies M24Bn through M0r about this extinct ridge. Our magnetic interpretations from the Somali Basin are similar in age, spreading rate, and spreading directions to magnetic anomalies previously interpreted in the neighboring Mozambique Basin and Riiser Larsen Sea. The similarity between the two magnetic anomaly datasets allows us to match both basin's older magnetic anomaly picks by defining a pole of rotation for a single and cohesive East Gondwana plate. However, following magnetic anomaly M15n, we find it is no longer possible to match magnetic picks from both basins and maintain plausible plate motions. In order to match the post-M15n geophysical data we are forced to model the motions of Madagascar/India and East Antarctica/Australia as independent plates. The requirement to utilize two independent plates after anomaly M15n provides strong circumstantial evidence that suggests East Gondwana breakup began around 135 Ma.     

FX-3600P计算机程序在磁异常数据处理有关问题中的应用

经反复摸索、实践,充分利用FX-3600P袖珍计算机的现有性能,开发扩充新功能,井结合巧妙的编制程序,给出了磁异常数据处理中几个常规方法(磁异常延拓、分量转换、频谱计算等)的循环程序。部分题目上实现了以小机器算大题目,为数据处理工作提供了一个快速、简便、经济的新途径。     

湘南骑田岭地区锡多金属矿体的磁法找矿标志研究

中高山地区找矿的地质标志由于地面工作的困难而不易充分使用,如能利用物探特别是航空物探的指标作为有效的找矿标志,则具有实际的经济价值.文章分析骑田岭地区占总储量1/3的19号矿脉(体)的航磁异常时,发现较低精度的航磁异常的幅值不适于作为寻找该矿体的找矿标志;而利用航磁异常梯度刻画的磁结构则能完美地定位19号矿脉(体)的空间位置,"磁异常梯度矢量交汇处"是一个可能的有效的找矿标志.初步研究假设认为,流体的作用改变了区域岩石磁性的结构以及磁场的结构,磁异常梯度矢量与流体运移方向具有某种内在联系,利用磁异常梯度矢量可模拟研究区所发生过的成矿流体场的作用特征,找到成矿流体所可能的汇聚位置,从而确定成矿作用所发生的空间位置.     

北山地区笔架山基性-超基性岩带地物化特征及含矿性研究

笔架山岩带位于塔里木地块北山裂谷带内,受依格孜塔格深断裂控制。岩带处在重力异常梯度带边缘及区域磁异常分区界线附近,其上有铜、镍、钴、钒等综合异常。岩体为华力西晚期第二侵入次产物,由原始拉斑玄武岩浆分异而成,属正常或低铝贫碱钙的铁镁质至超铁镁质岩石系列。从岩石化学、矿物成分、矿化元素丰度、物化探异常等特征显示,具备铜、镍硫化矿床的成矿条件。     

Expansion of the South China Sea basin: Constraints from magnetic anomaly stripes,sea floor topography,satellite gravity and submarine geothermics

The widely distributed E–W-trending magnetic anomaly stripes in the central basin and the N–E-trending magnetic anomaly stripes in the southwest sub-basin provide the most important evidence for Neogene expansion of the South China Sea. The expansion mechanism remains, however, controversial because of the lack of direct drilling data, non-systematic marine magnetic survey data, and irregular magnetic anomaly stripes with two obvious directions. For example, researchers have inferred different ages and episodes of expansion for the central basin and southwest sub-basin. Major controversy centers on the order of basinal expansion and the mechanism of expansion for the entire South China Sea basin. This study attempts to constrain these problems from a comprehensive analysis of the seafloor topography, magnetic anomaly stripes, regional aeromagnetic data, satellite gravity, and submarine geothermics. The mapped seafloor terrain shows that the central basin is a north-south rectangle that is relatively shallow with many seamounts, whereas the southwest sub-basin is wide in northeast, gradually narrows to the southwest, and is relatively deeper with fewer seamounts. Many magnetic anomaly stripes are present in the central basin with variable dimensions and directions that are dominantly EW-trending, followed by the NE-, NW- and NS-trending. Conversely such stripes are few in the southwest sub-basin and mainly NE-trending. Regional magnetic data suggest that the NW-trending Ailaoshan-Red River fault extends into the South China Sea, links with the central fault zone in the South China Sea, which extends further southward to Reed Tablemount. Satellite gravity data show that both the central basin and southwest sub-basin are composed of oceanic crust. The Changlong seamount is particularly visible in the southwest sub-basin and extends eastward to the Zhenbei seamount. Also a low gravity anomaly zone coincides with the central fault zone in the sub-basin. The submarine geothermic distribution demonstrates that the southwest sub-basin has a higher geothermal value than the central basin, and that the central fault zone is defined by a low thermal anomaly. This study suggests that NW–SE expansion of the southwest subbasin is later than the N–S expansion of the central basin with the sub-basin extending into the central basin and with both expansions ending at the same time. The expansion of southwestern sub-basin, similar to the Japanese Sea, is likely caused by left-lateral strike slip on the central fault zone in the South China Sea, which may have significance for finding oil and gas in this region.