GIS的发展方向

介绍了地理信息系统的理论基础,总结了ＧＩＳ在３Ｓ集成,面向对象技术,ＧＩＳ与专家系统相结合,ＧＩＳ的网络化,ＧＩＳ与多媒体技术及虚拟现实技术相结合等方面的发展。     

地下通信管线动态信息管理系统的研制与应用

根据地下通信管线网络的特点与通信部门对管线网络规划、工程设计、维护管理与统计分析的实际需求,以通信主干管线为初始对象,以通信综合网络为终极目标,选用国产优秀地理信息系统基础软件平台———ＭＡＰＧＩＳ进行二次开发,建立地下通信管线动态信息管理系统,并对系统的应用现状与前景作了简要介绍．     

地理信息系统的历史回顾与前景展望

本文从技术的角度出发，回顾了地理信息系统的发展历史所经历的三个阶段，结合近年来，内外地理信息系统的发展动态，阐述了地理信息系统的软硬件发展的主要趋势，ＧＩＳ、ＲＳ和ＧＰＳ的集成，三维ＧＩＳ，时态ＧＩＳ的发展现状，并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

地理信息系统中的热点问题综述

系统地总结和分析了地理信息系统中的一些热点问题,包括三维问题、时态问题、数据质量、数据交换与ＯＧＩＳ、工程学问题、ＷｅｂＧＩＳ、可视化与虚拟ＧＩＳ、面向对象ＧＩＳ、组件化ＧＩＳ以及数字地球等。     

GIS访问网络数据库中若干技术问题的探讨

分析了几种网络计算模式的特点,针对客户机／服务器模式设计了一个地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）访问数据库的结构框架———客户端分为ＧＩＳ功能层和数据库请求层两层,服务器存放数据,并将此结构与ＥＳＲＩ公司的空间数据库引擎（ＳＤＥ）作了对比;通过比较几种数据库访问的程序实现方式,认为ＯＤＢＣＡＰＩ在开放性方面是良好的．最后给出的ＭＡＰＧＩＳ实例表明：采用上述设计思路的应用系统不但利用了原有ＭＡＰＧＩＳ的研究成果,实现了ＧＩＳ访问网络数据库的功能,而且还具有良好的开放性．     

地理信息系统（GIS）在地质研究中的某些应用

地理信息系统技术发展快，并且越来越多地应用于地质研究中。本文主要介绍了地理信息系统的概念，功能和类型以及ＧＩＳ在地质研究中的某些应用，包括（１）利用ＧＩＳ进行区域地质填图；（２）利用水文地质图；（３）利用ＧＩＳ定量模拟矿床；（１）利用ＧＩＳ进行岩石地球化学分析；（５）利用ＧＩＳ处理海洋地质资料。     

地理信息系统与岩溶区国土整治

扼要阐述了地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）的研究动态和笔者所开发的地理信息系统软件ＳＫｓｅｔ（ＳｏｕｔｈＫａｒｓｔｓｅｔ）南方岩溶装置;指出岩溶区国土整治中ＧＩＳ几个可能的研究方向。      

三维地理信息系统及其在地学中面临的挑战

在三维地理信息系统的发展现状分析的基础上,指出了３Ｄ－ＧＩＳ在地学应用中所遇到的困难和原因,并且从３Ｄ数据结构和ＧＩＳ数据及数据库管理系统方面入手,对解决办法及发展趋势进行了探讨。     

地理信息系统简介

文章对地理信息系统ＧＡＳ作一简单介绍,对ＧＩＳ的基本工作方法及应用前景作一粗浅的探讨。     

三维地理信息系统（3D—GIS）的发展现状及趋势

地理信息系统技术已经被大量应用于资源管理,环境监测,城市规划,土地管理及交通,水利,林业等领域,但ＧＩＳ技术的发展还远没有止境。人们已经不满足于传统的二维ＧＩＳ软件平台,取而代之的是空间的,立体的三维ＧＩＳ。但由于３Ｄ－ＧＩＳ包括了第三个坐标以及从平面到立体的换算,所以增加了大量的存储量和额外的数据量,因而时至今日,真正的３Ｄ－ＧＩＳ软件还很少。本文一方面介绍了３Ｄ－ＧＩＳ的概念,特点以及发展现状     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861