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1.
We study distinctive features of the oceanological conditions in the regions of underwater mountains. These conditions are used as a basic for the selection of hydrological and biological subcomplexes (aqualandscapes) of these regions. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

2.
We discuss the results of numerical experiments modelling the process of propagation of passive impurities from the Karantinnaya Bay caused by steady wind currents and turbulent diffusion. The currents are computed according to the Felzenbaum model for the cases of northeast and north-west winds [1, 2]. We analyse specific features of the space and time distribution of the impurities caused by the three-dimensional character of the currents. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

3.
We present the parameters of empirical relationships between the depth of visibility of Secchi disk and optical and biological characteristics of the Black-Sea surface waters. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

4.
We consider the problem of geostrophic adjustment of nonlinear axially symmetric formations in a two-layer fluid with infinitely deep lower layer and demonstrate the existence of a new integral of motion, which enables us to determine the final equilibrium state of perturbations without analyzing the transient (wave) stage of the process. It is shown that the final motions caused by initial perturbations of the opposite signs are not equivalent. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

5.
The process of accumulation of toxic substances by marine organisms is studied on the basis of the kinetic theory of systems of macroscopic particles (V. I. Belyaev, 1987). The use of stochastic equations makes it possible to evaluate the degree of accumulation of toxic substances in marine organisms and take into account random variations of their concentrations in marine environments. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev.  相似文献   

6.
We construct a numerical model of the evolution of the structure of an oceanic thermocline in the presence of “salt-finger” convection. The model explains the formation of a piecewise homogeneous vertical structure of the temperature and salinity fields in the ocean. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

7.
We study the problem of flow around an ellipsoidal body submerged in a liquid half space and obtain the solution for the free wave surface. The results of numerical analysis reveal the existence of a great variety of modes of motion characterized by substantially different shapes of the free surface. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

8.
We analyze oscillations of the Black Sea level at 43 points in the north part of the coast. At some points, the data of every-day measurements are accumulated for more than 100 years. Actually, at all points with minor exceptions, we observe a general trend toward an increase in the sea level. The amplitude of oscillations of the sea level about the average trend obeys a normal distribution. We determine numerical characteristics of this distribution. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

9.
Free waves (seiches) in a circular basin of variable depth are studied numerically within the framework of the linear theory of long waves taking into account the action of the Coriolis force. We determine the frequencies of axisymmetric and circular waves, study the structure of the modes of elevation of the free surface and wave velocities, and establish the dependences of the phase velocities of circular waves on the number of mode and wavelength. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

10.
Climatic frontal zones are selected in the thermohaline fields of the Tropical Atlantic by analyzing the many-year-average seasonal database reduced to the nodes of a one-degree grid. We determine physical characteristics of the frontal zones, study their spatial and temporal variability, and reveal basic regularities of the appearance of frontal zones in the fields of thermohaline characteristics. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

11.
We investigate the influence of baroclinic tidal waves on the diffusion of an impurity spot in a continuously stratified liquid. The equation of turbulent diffusion is solved numerically by taking into account the wave currents. We establish the dependences of the characteristics of the diffusion process on the parameters of the baroclinic wave and the location of the impurity spot. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

12.
We determine the zones of maximum horizontal gradients of thermohaline characteristics and climatic frontal zones in the Tropical Atlantic and their behavior as functions of time and spatial variables on the basis of the climatic array of data on temperature and salinity. It is shown that the zones, where the maximum horizontal temperature, salinity, and density gradients coincide, are located in the northern and southern tropical frontal zones. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

13.
We study the influence of floating broken ice on the mean nonzero displacements of liquid particles in nonlinear running surface waves. The analysis is performed on the basis of a uniform asymptotic expansion (up to the quantities of the third order of smallness as compared with the potential of the velocity of motion of liquid in a basin of finite depth) obtained by the method of multiple scales. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

14.
We discuss the results of metrological testing of a four-base acoustic current meter performed in a hydrodynamic basin, consider methodological problems encountered in the process of measurements and data processing, and present the experimental dependences of the systematic and random components of the measurement errors on the velocity and direction of the flow. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

15.
We develop a method for the evaluation of inclinations of the level, which enables one to find them with high accuracy. The reliability of this method is tested by comparing the numerical solutions for inclinations of the level with analytic expressions. It is shown that the system of coupled equations for inclinations of the level can be decomposed into two independent equations with sufficiently high accuracy. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

16.
We consider long barotropic waves in a system of two rectangular basins connected by a channel in the case where waves are generated by the moving region of disturbances of atmospheric pressure passing above one of the basins. By using a numerical model, we compute the characteristics of the wave process for various values of the parameters of this system. The results of numerical calculations are compared with the corresponding characteristics obtained for the case of a closed basin. We also analyze the distinctive features of long-wave processes induced in the presence of the channel. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

17.
On the basis of analysis of literature data, we consider the regularities of sedimentation of suspended organic matter in shallow waters. The seasonal variability in sedimentation is demonstrated, and its scheme is constructed involving such classes of organic compounds as suspended amino acids, fatty acids, and hydrocarbons. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

18.
19.
We study the influence of baroclinic tidal waves on the diffusion of an impurity spot in a continuously stratified fluid. The equation of turbulent diffusion is solved numerically by taking into account the wave currents. We establish the dependences of the characteristics of the diffusion process on parameters of baroclinic waves and the location of the impurity spot. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

20.
We study the possibilities of the method of laser diagnostics of the composition of multicomponent electrolytic solutions. In our experiments, we used a four-mirror phase-retarded interferometer operating at three wavelengths from the visible range. For three-component solutions of chloride salts, we determined partial sensitivities of the measuring system to changes in the concentrations of each electrolyte for each of the indicated wavelengths. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev  相似文献   

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