攀西地区二叠纪赋存铌钽矿的正长岩脉的成因探讨

攀西地区广泛发育正长岩脉,其中有些岩脉富含铌钽等稀有金属元素。这些岩脉多侵入于二叠纪辉长岩体中,并与该区玄武岩及长英质岩体共生。锆石U-Pb年代学表明这些正长岩脉与长英质岩体及辉长岩体形成时代相一致(258~256Ma),但是否有成因联系并不清楚。本文对攀西地区炉库和白草两个Nb-Ta矿区中的富矿正长岩脉、贫矿正长岩脉及相关正长岩体在进行了详细的岩石学、矿物学及主微量地球化学的基础上,又开展了全岩Sr-Nd同位素研究。研究表明,岩石的εNd(t)非常均一(富矿正长岩脉εNd(t)=-0.2~+0.2,贫矿正长岩脉εNd(t)=-0.3~+0.7,正长岩体εNd(t)=-0.3~+0.4);两矿区岩石初始86Sr/87Sr值同位素则表现出宽泛的范围,正长岩体和贫矿正长岩脉的(86Sr/87Sr)i分别变化于0.7032~0.7090和0.7044~0.7064,富矿正长岩脉的(86Sr/87Sr)i变化于0.7049~0.7091,较大的初始86Sr/87Sr比值可能由于岩石遭受一定程度的蚀变所致。本文两矿区的富矿正长岩脉及贫矿正长岩脉和正长岩体的Sr-Nd同位素特征,与攀西地区红格镁铁质/超镁铁质层状侵入体的一致(εNd(t)=-2.7~+1.0,(86Sr/87Sr)i=0.7058~0.7064),表明其与峨眉山玄武岩及镁铁质侵入体来自于相同的地幔源区。结合作者及其他研究者对本区正长岩脉和相关正长岩体的主微量地球化学研究,我们认为本区炉库和白草矿区的富矿正长岩脉及相关正长岩体可能是峨眉山地幔柱岩浆活动造成的底侵在下地壳底部的辉长质岩石低程度(5%~10%)部分熔融形成的产物,且较少受到地壳物质混染。     

燕山造山带后石湖山碱性环状杂岩体的成因与形成过程

后石湖山杂岩体是与垮塌破火山口有关的碱性环状杂岩体, 主要由呈环形分布的碱性火山岩、环状岩墙(斑状石英正长岩)、嵌套的中心复式岩株(晶洞碱长花岗岩和斑状碱长花岗岩)和锥状岩席(石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩)组成.LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学分析表明, 斑状石英正长岩环状岩墙、石英正长斑岩和花岗斑岩锥状岩席的侵位年龄分别为119±3Ma、121±2Ma和121±2Ma.该环状杂岩体火山岩与侵入岩的形成年龄相近, 体现了它作为火山-侵入杂岩体的特征.斑状石英正长岩富碱(Na₂O+K₂O=10.0%~10.5%), K₂O含量较高(5.21%~5.42%), 具正的Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=1.05~1.40).碱长花岗岩和斑岩均具有富碱、高FeOtot/MgO、Ga/Al、Zr、Nb和REE值(Eu除外), 以及低Al₂O₃、CaO、MgO、Ba、Sr和Eu含量的特征, 都属于A型花岗岩质岩石.其中斑岩为铝质A型花岗岩, 具有高的初始岩浆温度(880~901℃).所有A型花岗质岩石均具有较富集的Nd同位素组成, ε_Nd(t)值变化于-13.9~-12.2之间.斑状石英正长岩是下地壳中-基性麻粒岩和片麻岩部分熔融产生的熔体与幔源玄武质岩浆混合, 后又发生单斜辉石分离结晶的产物; 碱长花岗岩源于上地壳长英质岩石部分熔融产生的熔体与幔源玄武质岩浆混合, 随后经历长石的分离结晶作用而成; 斑岩是受幔源岩浆底侵加热的上地壳长英质岩石的部分熔融产生的熔体, 并经历了长石的分离结晶作用而产生.该环状杂岩体的形成过程可以概括为: (1)火山爆炸性喷发形成大量的碱性火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩; (2)地下岩浆房空虚导致压力下降, 其顶板围岩失稳而沿火山口周围近直立的环状断裂垮塌, 形成塌陷的破火山口.与此同时, 下覆岩浆房的岩浆被动挤入环状断裂而形成斑状石英正长岩环状岩墙; (3)浅部地壳的长英质岩浆房过压, 促使其高温过碱质A型花岗质岩浆上升侵位形成了中心的斑状碱长花岗岩岩株, 这些岩浆的上涌导致上覆围岩产生倾角中-陡的、内倾的锥状裂隙, 为石英正长斑岩锥状岩席侵位提供了空间; (4)浅部岩浆房复活, 高温过碱质A型花岗质岩浆再度上升侵位形成被嵌套的晶洞碱长花岗岩岩株.同样, 这种岩浆的再度上侵导致上覆围岩产生了倾角较陡而内倾的锥状裂隙, 为花岗斑岩锥状岩席提供了侵位空间.后石湖山碱性环状杂岩体的形成是华北东部早白垩世与克拉通破坏相关的伸展构造体制下的产物, 这种构造体制可能与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关.      

北京燕山地区薛家石梁杂岩体特征、成因、源区性质及岩石圈减薄方式

薛家石梁杂岩体位于北京北山地区,在平面上呈北西向的椭圆状,主要由辉长岩、二长辉长岩、二长岩、正长岩和花岗岩组成。根据锆石SHRI MP定年结果为132·8~123·3Ma,形成于早白垩世早期。野外地质特征、矿物学特征、岩石学特征及地球化学特征表明,薛家石梁杂岩体中二长岩是二长辉长岩岩浆与正长岩岩浆混合作用的产物,从辉长岩岩浆到二长辉长岩岩浆经历了结晶分异作用。薛家石梁杂岩体中正长岩具高Sr,低Y及Eu正异常特征,推测其可能来源于加厚陆壳的底部。薛家石梁杂岩体中辉长岩中Mg#值为65,w(Nb)/w(U)值为37·8,这些特征暗示其可能为原生岩浆。辉长岩中ε(Nd)值为-6·5,表明其源区岩石不具亏损地幔特征;而辉长岩具富集Pb、Ti、Nb正异常,Hf的负异常,与EMI型富集地幔特征(具Nb、Hf正异常及Pb的负异常)不一致;辉长岩中Rb、Th、Nb、U、La、Ce元素含量比EMI型富集地幔低一个数量级;杂岩体中N(87Sr)/N(86Sr)与N(206Pb)/N(204Pb)值具正相关关系也表明不具交代富集型地幔特征。因此,我们认为辉长岩岩浆源区应为软流圈地幔,而不是富集型地幔(EMI)。辉长岩中ε(Nd)的负值是辉长岩岩浆与太古宙下地壳相互作用的结果。因此,我们认为中国东部岩石圈减薄的主要机制是岩石圈的拆沉作用。     

北京大石坡-黑山坨复式岩体地球化学特征、岩石成因及其地质意义

北京早侏罗世大石坡–黑山坨复式岩体出露于华北克拉通东部燕山造山带西段,由大石坡角闪黑云正长岩和黑山坨花岗岩组成。正长岩为富Mg钾质中性岩,微量元素具有富集Rb、Ba、Sr、Pb、LREE等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、U、Th、Zr、Hf以及P、Ti的特征,εNd(t)为-12.1~-12.2,ISr值为0.70506~0.70464;而花岗岩属于弱过铝质Mg质高K钙碱性岩石系列,具有LREE富集、HREE亏损,富集Rb、Ba、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素和放射性元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf以及Sr、P、Ti的特征,εNd(t)为-15.5~-18.0,ISr值为0.70516~0.70593。大石坡正长岩岩浆起源于富集地幔,是幔源K质基性岩浆在高压下分离结晶的产物。幔源岩浆底侵加热并交代下地壳,促使其部分熔融产生花岗质岩浆,侵位于尚未固结的正长岩,形成黑山坨花岗岩,二者组成同心环状复式岩体。大石坡角闪黑云正长岩的岩石学和地球化学特征暗示水的弱化作用在华北地块内部岩石圈地幔破坏过程中扮演了重要角色。幔源岩浆与地壳岩石之间能量和化学成分双扩散作用所导致的部分熔融是形成华北克拉通内部中生代高钾钙碱性长英质岩浆活动的一种重要成岩机制。     

江西会昌盆地晚白垩世站塘高钠埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征及岩石成因

江西会昌盆地晚白垩世喷发的站塘安山岩,其形成与晚中生代岩石圈伸展和玄武质岩浆的底侵作用有关。这些岩石是高Na(6.59%～8.46%Na2O)、高Al的奥长花岗质岩石,具有与埃达克岩相似的高Sr和Ba、低Y和HREE、高Sr/Y和La/Yb比等特点。与埃达克岩相比,它们的Na2O较高而CaO较低,其εNd(t)值-2.3～-3.8和87Sr/86Sr初始比值0.707～0.708也与具大洋同位素组成特征的埃达克岩有明显区别。这些化学的和同位素特征,表明它们并非消减板片部分熔融的产物。站塘埃达克质岩浆可能源自底侵玄武质下地壳,其异常的高Na和低Ca特点反映其源岩成分的特殊性。因其成分与由实验产生的富碱玄武岩部分熔融体组成相当,因此,我们认为站塘高钠安山质岩浆可能是富碱玄武质岩石部分熔融的产物。     

河北雾灵山杂岩体锆石Hf同位素特征及其区域对比研究

雾灵山杂岩体是位于华北克拉通北缘河北省兴隆县境内的一个出露面积为230 km²的大岩基,岩体主要由似斑状碱长正长岩、碱性石英正长岩和碱长正长斑岩组成。对该杂岩体中最早侵位的似斑状碱长正长岩的3件样品进行了锆石U-Pb测年和原位Hf同位素测试,获得的等时线年龄分别为(128.0±0.6) Ma、(127.3±1.2) Ma和(126.8±0.4) Ma,表明该岩体最早侵位于早白垩世;同时,两阶段Hf模式年龄介于1.13～1.75 Ga,ε_Hf(t)值为-7.8~1.7。通过对似斑状碱长正长岩ε_Hf(t)值及其中暗色包体岩相学分析,表明该岩石源区岩浆可能是由地壳重熔形成的花岗质岩浆、岩石圈富集地幔以及亏损地幔岩浆混合形成。通过对华北克拉通北缘早白垩世不同地区A型花岗岩的εHf(t)值的对比分析表明,这些A型花岗岩的源区物质来源具有多元性,并随着时间演化,A型花岗岩中亏损地幔的成分贡献越来越多,表明这个时期大规模的岩石圈减薄近于完成,亏损地幔物质开始上涌,并直接参与了岩浆活动。     

赣东北前寒武纪港边杂岩体的岩浆混合（和）作用及其地质意义

赣东北地区沿江绍断裂北缘和江南造山带南侧有大量的前寒武纪火山侵入杂岩呈带状分布,主要由大面积的陆相火山岩和若干长英质镁铁质火成杂岩体组成,后者中出露面积最大的港边杂岩体在填图尺度上可划分为长英质岩、镁铁质岩和过渡性岩3大组成部分,长英质岩颗粒锆石U_Pb谐和不一致曲线上交点年龄为822±4Ma,代表杂岩体中岩浆混合作用发生的时间。港边岩体中长英质岩石的Nd模式年龄为1·49~1·68Ga,镁铁质岩中玄武质岩石为1·51~2·21Ga,辉长岩的Nd模式年龄与玄武质岩石基本相同,为1·54~2·13Ga,经计算的过渡性岩石的Nd模式年龄为1·58~1·90Ga,因此认为镁铁质岩石从源区分离的时间要远早于长英质岩石,而过渡性岩石含有前两个端员岩浆相互混合(和)的信息。长英质岩石的εNd(t=822Ma)值为-0·8~-4·4,87Sr/86Sr(822)比值为0·70368~0·70549;玄武质岩石的εNd(822)值为-2·6~+2·3,87Sr/86Sr(822)比值为0·70387~0·70527,这反映了镁铁质岩浆的源区接近总地球,长英质岩浆则来自具壳幔混合性质的EMⅠ型地幔的源区。可以推测,赣东北前寒武纪也曾发生过岩浆底侵作用。底侵作用对港边火成杂岩体岩浆的形成起着重要的作用。底侵于壳幔边界的玄武质岩浆使地壳熔融形成长英质岩浆并聚集于浅部岩浆房。随着长英质岩浆房降温,长英质岩浆的结晶度和粘度增加,其物理状态发生液态→(固+液)混合态→固态的变化;当玄武质岩浆穿透下地壳并不断进入物理状态变化的长英质岩浆房时,持续地发生两种岩浆的化学混合作用或两岩浆的机械混合作用或玄武质岩浆的侵入,其混合作用的时间以长英质岩锆石的U_Pb谐和不一致曲线上交点年龄822±4Ma界定。根据Nd模式年龄(tDM)和Nd富集系数(fSm/Nd)分布特征,可以确定中元古代江南造山带为太古宙扬子古陆核的横向增生体,而新元古代陆相火山侵入杂岩带则横向增生于江南造山带南缘。至此,扬子古陆横向增生作用结束,开始与华夏古陆拼贴,包括港边火成杂岩体在内的新元古代火山侵入杂岩带则成为两古陆连结的纽带。     

西天山CuNi-VTiFe复合型矿化镁铁-超镁铁杂岩 ——哈拉达拉岩体成岩成矿背景特殊性讨论

西天山哈拉达拉镁铁-超镁铁杂岩为一CuNi-VTiFe复合型矿化岩体,主要由橄长岩、橄榄辉长岩、角闪辉长岩、辉长岩和辉绿岩组成。获得岩体中橄榄辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为308.8±1.9Ma,辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄307.3±8.2Ma。岩石具堆晶结构、辉长-辉绿结构,岩体韵律层发育;各类岩石稀土和微量元素配分曲线模式相似,多具Eu,Sr正异常,它们可能为同一岩浆结晶分异演化的产物;Sr-Nd同位素特征(87Sr/86Sr初始比值=0.703913～0.705259,εNd(t)=4.00～8.42)表明原始岩浆来自于亏损地幔源区。推测哈拉达拉岩体形成于后碰撞造山早期伸展环境、叠加近同期地幔柱活动的特殊地质背景中。     

新疆北部晚古生代的底侵作用——来自橄榄玄粗岩与埃达克岩的证据

新疆北部广泛分布晚古生代橄榄玄粗岩系火山岩和埃达克岩,它们均明显富碱,与区内同时代碱性花岗岩共同构成新疆北部富碱火成岩省。橄榄玄粗岩系火山岩和埃达克岩同位素年龄为250-280Ma,143Nd/144Nd比值高,εNd(t)值为正值,Nd模式年龄低(tDM<1.0Ga),较低而变化范围较大的(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.7040-0.710),这些特点均表明它们的源区物质为底侵幔源玄武质岩浆,并可能受到下地壳混染。结合区内地球物理资料,如加厚的地壳、复杂的莫霍面结构、高热流值及广泛分布的基性岩墙群和碱性花岗岩,均一致表明在晚古生代(晚石炭-二叠纪)新疆北部发生过较广泛的幔源玄武质岩浆底侵作用,陆壳发生了明显垂向增生。     

闽西南地区中生代花岗闪长质岩石的同位素年代学、地球化学及其构造演化

闽西南地区存在两期中生代花岗闪长质岩石.早、晚两期花岗闪长质岩石分别以汤泉和四方岩体为代表,其形成年龄分别为183～157 Ma和108～105 Ma.汤泉和四方岩体都为A/CNK＜1.0的准铝质花岗岩类,均属板内钙碱型岩石.汤泉岩体因富Na2O、Ba、Sr,贫HREE、Y、Yb有别于四方岩体而具高Sr-Ba低Y的埃达克质岩石特征,是地幔起源的基性岩浆底侵作用,促使加厚的元古代下地壳基性岩部分熔融所形成;四方岩体是地幔起源的基性岩浆与中下地壳物质部分熔融形成的花岗质岩浆混合作用的结果.汤泉岩体的形成指示研究区自中侏罗世(180 Ma)以来已有岩石圈伸展的岩石学记录,随时间推移,岩石圈伸展减薄作用愈加强烈,壳幔作用愈加明显,越至晚期岩石中地幔组分含量越高.     

Crust-mantle interaction in the evolution of the Ilímaussaq Complex, South Greenland: Nd isotopic studies

Sm-Nd isotopic compositions were determined for the peralkaline Ilímaussaq Complex of the Gardar Province of southern Greenland. The majority of the samples in the agpaitic and augite syenitic units have near chondritic initial _Nd(≈ 0), whereas a few samples trend towards _Nd values as low as − 6 at the time of intrusion (1143 Ma). This latter value, from a sample taken from the margin of the complex, lying on the evolutionary trend for Ketilidian country-rock granitoids, suggests that large-scale contamination took place only at the margins of the complex. The similarity of the Nd isotopic compositions of the augite syenite and agpaitic units suggests that their parental magmas were derived from the same reservoir. A comparison of the Nd with existing Sr and Hf isotopic data for the complex suggests an origin by combined assimilation fractionation processes. Assimilation-fractional crystallization modeling of the isotopic compositions indicates that the Ilímaussaq magmas could have formed through fractional crystallization of a basaltic melt while assimilating granitic crust. The model requires initially higher assimilation rates from basalt to augite syenite composition with subsequent decreasing assimilation rates from augite syenite to agpaitic compositions. Alkali granites, which formed after the intrusion of the augite syenites, have isotopic compositions intermediate between those of the augite syenites and the surrounding Ketilidian basement. This implies even greater amounts of assimilation and is interpreted as evidence for an origin through fractionation of a basaltic or augite syenite magma with concurrent assimilation of Ketilidian crust.     

Migmatites from Grenville, Quebec: metamorphic P-T-X conditions in transitional amphibolite/granulite-facies rocks

Migmatitic rocks near Grenville, Quebec, preserve features indicative of reactions at the onset of granulite facies metamorphism. In this area, metapelites and metacarbonates of the classic Grenville Series are spatially associated with granitic gneiss and metabasite, and flank a Paleozoic, Fe-rich syenite stock. Near this intrusion, the metapelite is diatexitic and nearly devoid of biotite, indicating the involvement of biotite during melting in the contact aureole of this intrusion. Outside of the contact aureole, metapelites and associated rocks contain biotite and are metatexitic. These features suggest two episodes of migmatization, the earlier predating the syenite, the later, synchronous with this intrusion.

Hornblende-rich metabasites near the syenite contain a two-part neosome consisting of coarse-grained leucosome veins and patches that are enclosed by fine-grained, pyroxene-rich envelopes. Migmatization is attributed to dehydration melting in the presence of CO₂-rich fluids possibly derived from nearby carbonate rocks prior to and/or during emplacement of the syenite. The occurrence of isolated mafic clots in the mesosome and rarity of melanosome seams on leucosomes suggest that some melts were mobile on an outcrop scale. These observations suggest that the leucosomes formed by the segregation of melts, which, coupled with CO₂ flux, dehydrated the wallrock along narrow margins, forming the pyroxene-rich neosomes. Back-reaction with residual fluids led to the local scapolitization of plagioclase and the concomitant formation of coronal garnet on pyroxene in neosomes. Thermobarometry of corona structures within the contact aureole generates diffusional Mg-Fe blocking temperatures ( 550 °C at 5.5 kbar). Extrapolated up-temperature, P-sensitive equilibria for the coronas yield similar pressures (8–9 kbar) as texturally-equilibrated assemblages for which high temperatures ( 750 ± 50 °C; X_CO2 = 0.90−0.95) were determined for rocks sampled inside and outside of the contact aureole. This suggests that the Grenville migmatites had not been substantially decompressed by the time that the syenite was emplaced.     

湖北观子山硬玉钙霞正长岩初步研究

观子山侵入体从岩体中心到边部，由硬玉钙霞正长岩、硬玉正长岩和黑云角闪正长岩组成。本文着重讨论硬玉钙霞正长岩的岩石学、矿物学、岩石化学、REE的地球化学、时代及岩石成因。据Rb-Sr等时线测定，其年令值为306Ma，说明它形成于海西期。根据产状、FeO/MgO,^δSr/^δSr（i）、REE分配模式以及形成硬玉的压力温度条件，足以证明硬玉钙霞正长岩的成因与上地幔物质有关。     

隐爆角砾岩型金矿床成矿特征浅析--以山西堡子湾、河南祁雨沟金矿床为例

中酸性岩浆侵入体隐蔽爆破作用形成角砾岩体(筒)的同时于其中形成隐爆角砾岩型金矿床.侵入岩体规模一般较小,岩性主要为闪长岩类、石英(二长)斑岩类或正长岩类的中酸性岩石.角砾岩体在平面上呈近圆形或椭圆形,面积相对较小,在剖面上呈垂直地表的筒状,深部一般与中酸性侵入岩体相连.角砾的成分在浅部多为围岩角砾,往深部逐渐变为以花岗质角砾为主,胶结物主要是细岩屑和蚀变矿物.中酸性侵入体是矿床的成矿母岩,隐爆作用的发生及形成的隐爆角砾岩体(筒)是容矿构造,角砾岩体中的次级断裂是控矿构造,各因素对于此类型金矿床的形成起着重要的作用.     

Petrology of Igneous Rocks in Northern Golpayegan, Iran

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｓｔｕｄｉｅｄａｒｅａｉｓｌｏｃａｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｎｏｒｔｈｏｆＧｏｌｐａｙｅｇａｎ,Ｉｒａｎ,ｂｏｕｎｄｅｄｂｙｌａｔｉｔｕｄｅｓ３３．３１°Ｎａｎｄ３３．３７°Ｎａｎｄｌｏｎｇｉ－ｔｕｄｅｓ５０．１１°Ｅａｎｄ５０．...     

东准噶尔北缘老山口铁铜金矿区侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义

老山口铁铜金矿区位于准噶尔北缘的喀拉通克—卡拉先格尔成矿带南段,矿化与岩浆侵入活动有关。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法对老山口铁铜金矿区的中粒闪长岩、正长岩、黑云母闪长岩和闪长玢岩进行了年代学研究,获得其年龄分别为353.8±1.9Ma、366.3±1.9Ma、3±2.3Ma和379.7±3Ma,表明矿区存在三期岩浆活动。其中黑云母闪长岩和闪长玢岩的年龄,在误差范围内一致,它们可能为中泥盆世同源岩浆演化的产物,且岩体侵入时代与准噶尔洋俯冲阶段花岗岩及卡拉先格尔斑岩铜矿带含矿斑岩年龄较一致,表明其可能是板块俯冲阶段的产物。闪长岩和正长岩的年龄分别为353.8±1.9Ma和366.3±1.9Ma,与东准噶尔北部青格里河下游一带后碰撞花岗岩类和布尔根一带后造山伸展A型花岗岩的年龄接近,而地球化学特征却存在差异,说明老山口正长岩和闪长岩体是俯冲晚期阶段的产物。根据地质特征,老山口铁铜金矿的形成与闪长岩及闪长玢岩侵入有关,因此岩体年龄也限定了矿区存在两期铁铜金矿化,即379Ma左右和354Ma左右。     

Evidence of multiple intrusion,possible resetting of U-Pb ages,and new crystallization of zircons in the post-tectonic intrusions (‘Rapakivi granites’) and gneisses from South Greenland

U-Pb data for zircons from post-tectonic monzonite, syenite and norite, and country rock gneiss and migmatite from the Kap Farvel-Prins Christian Sund area of South Greenland indicate two distinct intrusive episodes at ～1740 m.y. and ～1755 m.y. The norites have the same age as the older granitic rocks. Similar intrusions further north along the southeast coast have the same age (～1755 m.y.) and geochemical character as those of the Kap Farvel-Prins Christian Sund area. Our U-Pb ages are about 100 m.y. older than previously determined K-Ar ages.The youngest peak of regional Ketilidian metamorphism in this area is placed at about 1800 m.y. based on a linear array of seven magnetic and size fractions from a syntectonic granitic part of a migmatite. This age is distinctly different from the post-tectonic intrusions and, along with other data, precludes the possibility of in situ formation of the intrusions by remelting of the country rocks.In one hypersthene migmatite sample collected near a post-tectonic intrusion, clear overgrowths and separate clear grains with low uranium concentrations were identified. The clear grains of zircon have the same age as the intrusion, indicative of new zircon growth during the granulite facies recrystallization of the gneiss. In contrast, rounded red zircons from an early subconcordant granitic sheet have clear uranium-rich overgrowths which probably formed during regional metamorphism. If the deep-red zircons observed in one of the post-tectonic intrusions were derived from the surrounding metamorphic rocks, they have had their U-Pb systems reset to the time of intrusion.In accord with observations (Krogh, 1971) on non-magnetic zircon fractions from volcanics, the Greenland zircons contain very low amounts of common lead ranging from <0.01 ppm in the least magnetic fractions in the post-tectonic intrusions, to 6.5 ppm in the most magnetic fractions of the gneisses. These two rock groups can be differentiated on the basis of their common lead content.     

Geochronology of Precambrian rocks in the Laramie Range and implications for the tectonic framework of Precambrian southern Wyoming

From Casper Mountain; at its northern end, to the northwestern margin of the Laramie anorthosite—syenite complex, in its central parts, the Laramie Range is underlain by granite and granitic gneiss that has a minimum age of 2.54 ± 0.04 Ga (Rb/Sr whole-rock isochron) and by metasedimentary rocks, including marble and quartzite, that appear to overlie the granitic gneiss nonconformably (minimum age: 1.7 Ga based on several horn-blende K/Ar dates). Southward from the anorthosite—syenite complex into Colorado, the Range is underlain chiefly by the Sherman Granite (1.41 Ga; Peterman and Hedge, 1968) and scattered patches of gneiss that are not dated, but are tentatively correlated wit similar gneiss in the southern Medicine Bow Mountains and in the Colorado Front Range, where they are dated as ? 1.7 Ga (Peterman and Hedge, 1968).The Laramie anorthosite—syenite complex (minimum age: ? 1.42 Ga or ? 1.51 Ga if a hornblende K/Ar date is accepted) apparently intruded the suture separating the old (? 2.5 Ga) continental edge from younger (? 1.7 Ga) geosynclinal rocks. The suture, which manifests itself as the Mullen Creek—Nash Fork shear zone in the Medicine Bow Mountains, also is the boundary between ensialic and ensimatic geosynclinal deposition that occurred during the interval 1.7–2.5 Ga ago.K/Ar dates on biotite and muscovite from rocks north of the anorthosite—syenite complex grade from 2.5 Ga on Casper Mountain down to 1.38 Ga near the complex. Near its northern tip, the Laramie Range is crossed by a geochronologic front, separating 2.5 Ga old gneiss whose K/Ar dates were not lowered by subsequent metamorphism from 2.5 Ga old gneiss whose mica dates were reset between 1.4 and 1.6 Ga ago.     

Petrogenesis of syenites at a rifted continental margin: origin,contamination and interaction of alkaline mafic and felsic magmas in the Astrophyllite Bay Complex,East Greenland

The Astrophyllite Bay Complex in East Greenland (part of the Palaeogene North Atlantic Igneous Province) consists of an alkaline diorite plug, with detached trachyandesitic pillows, surrounded by co-magmatic syenite that was emplaced into Archaean basement. The diorite intrusion has yielded a 47.11 ± 0.68 Ma Rb-Sr isochron age. Saw-cut profiles through pillow-syenite-gneiss sections have been taken to resolve close spatial elemental and isotopic (Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb-O) variations. The diorite and syenite formed from alkaline basaltic, mantle-derived, melts with complex histories of prolonged assimilation and fractional crystallisation. Each evolved to different extents in separate magma chambers during the establishment of new plumbing systems in the Kangerlussuaq area. The diorite is dominated by lower crustal, granulite facies contamination, whereas the syenite shows evidence for greater degrees of upper crustal amphibolite facies contamination, indicating stalling and fractionation of magmas at different levels within the crust. The syenite and diorite magmas were subsequently emplaced as separate pulses into the basement gneisses at Astrophyllite Bay giving rise to superimposed local contamination trends between pillow/syenite and syenite/gneiss, respectively.     

西南天山二叠纪中酸性侵入岩的地质学和地球化学：岩石成因和构造背景

选择3个典型岩体,即位于西南天山东段的拜城县英买来岩体和位于西段阔克萨岭区的川乌鲁岩体、巴雷公岩体（为了对比,也选择了位于塔里木盆地西北缘的麻扎山岩体）,进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。结果表明,这些岩体具有不同的特点。英买来岩体为黑云母花岗岩和二云母花岗岩,具有高的SiO2含量,弱过铝,高的Sr同位素初始值（约0.710）和负的εNd(t)值（-4～-6）,属于S—A型之间的过渡类型。麻扎山岩体由正长岩组成,属于碱性岩,微量元素标准化图解和其他岩体明显不同的是没有明显的Nb和Ta的负异常。川乌鲁岩体是一个由3个不同期次岩石组成的杂岩体,主体为正长岩-二长岩,地球化学特征显示是由基性岩浆和酸性岩浆不同程度混合形成的。位于同一构造区的巴雷公岩体则与川乌鲁岩体中的花岗斑岩的地球化学特征相似。综合岩石学和地球化学特征推测,南天山东段的英买来岩体是地壳熔融的结果,没有任何地幔物质加入的地球化学信息,西段的阔克萨岭地区酸性岩浆的形成则可能是来自于幔源底侵的基性岩浆导致薄的地壳发生熔融的结果。麻扎山岩体则完全是不同构造背景的产物,有可能与发生在塔里木盆地的二叠纪大规模的岩浆活动有关。因此,二叠纪岩浆活动的性质主要受地壳成分和结构的控制。