黔中-黔东南地区下志留统沉积相

下志留统由下向上分为龙马溪阶、大中坝阶和紫阳阶。黔北地区3个阶有连续的沉积物,而黔中-黔东南地区缺失早志留世龙马溪期和大中坝期早期的沉积。海平面的下降导致黔中隆起上的中下奥陶统成为暴露喀斯特地貌。以余庆-黄平地区为界分成了南、北2个区。南区只有紫阳阶的翁项组(或高寨田组)由南向北超覆在中下奥陶统岩溶暴露面上,在凯里至都匀一带为海湾-澙湖相的钙质砂泥岩沉积,向西至贵阳一带为开阔性的滨浅海沉积。早志留世的海侵改造了下伏岩溶喀斯特和古风化壳,沉积了波浪改造型的砾屑灰岩和海侵充填型的含灰岩砾块碎屑岩,两者均非"底砾岩"。     

新疆色帕巴衣地区志留纪柯坪塔格组笔石的发现

新疆色帕巴衣地区志留纪柯坪塔格组岩性以片理化泥岩和中厚层长石石英细砂岩为主,生物化石较少,缺少时代依据。该地区柯坪塔格组中段底部泥岩中首次发现保存完好的笔石化石,计有5属5种,并有2个相似种和8个未定种,这些属种为Glyptograptus perscuptus带常见分子。初步确定,该区柯坪塔格组时代为早志留世(兰多维列世)鲁丹阶—埃隆阶。根据笔石化石及岩石组合特征分析,柯坪塔格组中段沉积环境以陆棚相为主,水体能量较低,利于笔石化石保存;上段为近滨相沉积,水体能量较高,不利于笔石化石的保存。     

新疆色帕巴衣地区志留纪柯坪塔格组笔石的发现简

新疆色帕巴衣地区志留纪柯坪塔格组岩性以片理化泥岩和中厚层长石石英细砂岩为主,生物化石较少,缺少时代依据。该地区柯坪塔格组中段底部泥岩中首次发现保存完好的笔石化石,计有5属5种,并有2个相似种和8个未定种,这些属种为Glyptograptus perscuptus带常见分子。初步确定,该区柯坪塔格组时代为早志留世(兰多维列世)鲁丹阶—埃隆阶。根据笔石化石及岩石组合特征分析,柯坪塔格组中段沉积环境以陆棚相为主,水体能量较低,利于笔石化石保存;上段为近滨相沉积,水体能量较高,不利于笔石化石的保存。     

下扬子中部志留系盖层封闭性动态演化评价

下扬子中部地区海相层系在印支-燕山期经历了强烈的构造改造,保存条件成为油气成藏的关键控制因素之一。志留系泥页岩盖层是下古生界的区域性盖层,对原生油气藏的保存具有决定性的作用。基于志留系样品的实测数据对志留系盖层现今的封闭性做出了评价。采用孔隙度-排替压力史法、渗透率-排替压力史法及超固结比（OCR）参数重建了志留系盖层在地质历史时期封闭性的动态演化过程。结果显示：下扬子中部志留系盖层具有低孔、低渗、高排替压力特征,总体上现今物性封闭能力较强。在埋藏阶段排替压力达到了封闭高压和超高压气藏的能力,但在早白垩世期间,句容地区志留系盖层排替压力显著降低且OCR 值超过脆性破裂门限值,下古生界保存条件破坏较为严重,在常州和泰兴地区OCR 值小于脆性破裂门限值,破坏程度相对较弱。     

Alluvial fan and wetland interactions: evidence of seasonal slope wetlands from the Silurian of south central Wales,UK

Distal environs of the Ludlow‐age Trichrug Formation from south central Wales (UK) detail deposition on the outer fringe of an ephemeral debris flow‐dominated alluvial fan. Debrites and subordinate sheetflood deposits are interbedded with sporadic thin sandstone‐dominated heterolithic units deposited in shallow, ephemeral ponds in the axial valley. The latter slope wetland system fringed the permeable alluvial fan deposits, being maintained by streamflow, precipitation and ground water recharge. A prolonged high water table is indicated by low chroma intervals interpreted as the result of gleying. A variety of redoximorphic indicators, including colour mottling and ferricrete concretions, are evidence of iron mobilization and concentration associated with a seasonally fluctuating water table. The slope wetlands were colonized periodically by Skolithos‐generating organisms, most likely to have been arthropods. The widespread occurrence of redoximorphic indicators and ferricrete contrasts markedly with calcrete Vertisols in penecontemporaneous continental deposits (Lower Old Red Sandstone) of the region. It is likely that the alluvial fan‐toe area was the site of a wetland depression, which maintained a high, though fluctuating, water table. In contrast the alluvial channel reaches of the surrounding drainage network were significantly better drained, with floodplains prone to wetting and drying and Vertisol palaeopedogenesis.     

西南天山超高压变质带中志留纪岛弧火山岩岩片及其构造意义

西南天山造山带位于伊犁-中天山板块和塔里木板块之间,普遍被认为是古南天山洋闭合,塔里木板块和伊犁-中天山板块碰撞造山的产物.在西南天山含榴辉岩高压-超高压变质带中,我们在哈布腾苏和科普尔特2个地区识别出这一套基性-酸性火山岩.在哈布腾苏剖面,该套火山岩以酸性岩为主,在野外作为构造岩片与高压-超高压榴辉岩与蓝片岩相间产出...     

Palaeotopography of the northern portion of the Telychian (Silurian) turbidite basin in central Wales

New palaeocurrent data from the country northeast and southwest of Corris (central Wales) indicate that Telychian sandstones in the Devil's Bridge Formation hereabouts were transported from both the northeast and northwest, consistent with topographical control by down‐to‐southeast movement on the Bala Lineament. This conclusion is supported by considerations of thickness variation and by evidence for listric detachment faulting in the formation at Bwlch y Groes. Towards Plynlimon, flow is broadly southerly and suggests confinement by the northward extension of the Bronnant Fault. A facies and palaeocurrent map is presented for the utilis sub‐Biozone of the Telychian which links with work by the British Geological Survey between Aberyswyth and Rhayader where, by contrast, palaeoflow is to the NNW. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

华南志留系红层的时代

华南志留系红层有三个形成期,“下红层”形成于晚Ａｅｒｏｎｉａｎ至早Ｔｅｌｙｃｈｉａｎ期;“上红层”主要形成于晚Ｔｅｌｙｃｈｉａｎ期;第三套红层形成于Ｌｕｄｌｏｗ期,但在Ｏ．ｃｒｉｓｐａ牙形刺带之前。每套红层的时代各地不同,有穿时现象。     

内蒙古中部地区晚志留世西别河组的区域构造学意义

晚志留世西别河组是发育于内蒙古中部地区的一套滨浅海相磨拉石沉积。西别河组广泛角度不整合在蛇绿混杂岩、岛弧火山岩、加里东期花岗岩和弧后盆地复理石沉积之上,揭示了其下伏杂岩之间的区域构造关联性,是内蒙古中部地区曾经发生过加里东期陆壳增生作用过程的证据。西别河组具有与欧洲老红色砂岩类似的区域构造学意义。     

内蒙古中部中--晚志留世西别河组的划分和时代

华北板块北缘早古生代造山带的稳定盖层——西别河组是顶底清晰,下界不整合覆于早—中奥陶世岛弧建造之上,其上被下泥盆统查干哈布组、上石炭统阿木山组不整合覆盖的一套稳定的滨浅海相沉积建造。本次工作根据岩石地层特征划分了砂砾岩段、灰岩段、砂板岩段和巴特敖包礁4个填图单元;在生物地层工作的基础上分别划分了2个珊瑚、腕足化石组合带,确立了该组为中—晚志留世地层,即Wenlockian-Pridolian期的沉积。     

塔中志留系层序及其可容纳空间分析

根据经典层序地层学理论,综合研究野外露头、测井、地震等资料,将塔中地区志留系划分为5个层序,每个层序均由海侵和高位体系域两部分组成。除SQ₁为Ⅰ型层序外,其余4个层序均为Ⅱ型层序,而且SQ₃为一个三级中间体系域。受加里东运动影响,隆升后的塔中地区在晚奥陶世遭受剥蚀,地形变得平缓,在此基础上形成了以潮坪沉积为主的志留纪滨浅海沉积。在志留纪塔中地区构造稳定,海平面的升降决定了可容纳空间的大小。潮坪沉积相带的迁移反映了在全球海平面升降形成的异旋回中发育的潮坪自旋回沉积,可容纳空间动态变化是外在的表现形式。     

北祁连造山带嘉峪关北大草滩地区早志留世碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

以北祁连造山带嘉峪关北大草滩地区原划为中—下奥陶统的阴沟群碎屑岩为研究对象,进行碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS UPb测年,探讨其形成时代、物源组成和构造背景。结果表明,碎屑岩沉积时代早于432.5Ma,为早志留世,该套沉积地层并不属于早—中奥陶世阴沟群。碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年龄可明显分为4组:早古生代年龄组,434～521Ma,峰值为447Ma;新元古代年龄组,791～992Ma,峰值年龄966Ma;中古元古代年龄组,1017～1755Ma,并出现1120Ma、1278Ma、1427Ma和1648Ma多个峰值;古元古代早期—新太古代晚期年龄组,1879～2663Ma,并出现2089Ma、2428Ma和2543Ma多个峰值。综合分析显示,碎屑岩沉积物质来源于祁连造山带和阿拉善地块,祁连造山带早古生代岛弧型岩浆岩和新元古代岩浆岩,以及造山带结晶基底岩系为该套碎屑岩沉积提供了更重要的物源。     

甘肃北山南带中段志留系的发现及地质意义

通过1:25万马鬃山幅区调填图资料,对小草湖-窑洞梁一带的火山岩,从岩石组合、变质变形、火山系列等方面进行了进一步的研究。并据其岩石组合、变形与变质程度等特征进行区域对比及在窑洞梁基性火山岩中获Rb-Sr等时线年龄为417.24±19.29Ma和垒墩子东山侵入于该套火山岩中的碱长花岗岩的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为283Ma,将其时代置于志留纪。     

内蒙古中部地区晚志留世西别河组的区域构造学意义

晚志留世西别河组是发育于内蒙古中部地区的一套滨浅海相磨拉石沉积。西别河组广泛角度不整合在蛇绿混杂岩、岛弧火山岩、加里东期花岗岩和弧后盆地复理石沉积之上,揭示了其下伏杂岩之间的区域构造关联性,是内蒙古中部地区曾经发生过加里东期陆壳增生作用过程的证据。西别河组具有与欧洲老红色砂岩类似的区域构造学意义。     

The Earth's magnetic field prior to the Cretaceous Normal Superchron: new palaeomagnetic results from the Alto Paraguay Formation

Measurable characteristics of the decay process of the radioactive isotope Mn⁵⁵ permit identification of manganese ores by means of neutron logging. The method is outlined.--M. Russell.     

北祁连西段志留系层序地层学特征

甘肃省北祁连西段志留纪地层为一套形成于残留盆地的碎屑岩堆积,其岩石地层包括肮脏沟组,泉脑沟山组,旱峡组,分别相当于年代地层单位的下志留统、中志留统和上志留统.通过对其沉积环境、层序地层学特征及其变化研究认为该区地层包括低水位体系域(水位扇、低水位进积楔)、海侵体系域和高水位体系域沉积,其沉积环境由深海扇(近源浊积盆地、远源浊积盆地)渐变为陆棚直至潮坪,为一个完整的海浸海退旋回,基本上是一套完整的Ⅰ型层序.     

四川地区早志留世岩相古地理

四川地区早志留世沉积岩系形成于晚奥陶世-早志留世的前陆盆地演化阶段。早志留世龙马溪期主要为局限的深水陆棚环境。小河坝期表现为浅水陆棚的扩展和深水陆棚的萎缩,沉积分异作用加剧,呈现出碳酸盐台地、浅水陆棚、深水陆棚共存的古地理格局。韩家店期主要为潮坪-浅水陆棚沉积。早志留世四川地区表现为沉积盆地充填变浅和海退式的演化趋势,具多物源的混合型陆棚沉积性质,沉积体系展布和沉积演化主要受包括黔中古隆起在内的前陆隆起带的NW方向扩展作用控制。有利储集体的发育主要取决于沉积环境,浅海砂坝和碳酸盐台地边缘相是有利的储集相带,如川东地区的“小河坝砂岩”和川南及川北地区发育的生物礁灰岩。     

Silurian collisional suturing onto the southern margin of the North China craton: Detrital zircon geochronology constraints from the Qilian Orogen

The Qilian Orogen of north western China records mid-Paleozoic collisional suturing of arc and continental blocks onto the south western margin of the North China craton. Silurian strata from the retroarc foreland basin mark the transition from ocean closure and northward subduction to the initiation of collision suturing. Detrital zircons were analysed from the western and eastern parts of the basin and show a spectrum of ages from Archean to Paleozoic with major age concentrations at around 2.5 Ga, 1.6 Ga, 1.2 Ga, 0.98 Ga, 0.7 Ga and 0.45 Ga. Archean age grains are derived from the North China craton, whereas the Central Qilian Bloc, which lies to the south provides the likely source for the bulk of the Proterozoic detritus. Paleozoic grains are restricted to Early Silurian samples from the western part of the basin and are considered to have been derived from the magmatic arc related to ocean closure and ultimate collision of the Central Qilian Belt with the North China craton.