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使用四川省地震台网2013年4月以来的宽频带数字地震资料,对新国家标准震级标度与传统震级标度中的4类震级进行了对比分析。结果表明:新ML与传统ML、MS(BB)与MS7之间的差别最小,相关性最高;所有事件的新mb均大于或等于传统mb;大部分事件的新ML大于传统ML;mB(BB)大于mB的事件多于mB(BB)小于mB的事件;MS(BB)小于MS7的事件数量与MS(BB)大于MS7的事件接近;新ML较传统ML更符合区域地质实际状况,新mb较传统mb更便于测量,MS(BB)较MS7、mB(BB)较mB更适应当前的宽频带数字地震资料,其测定结果更稳定。新国家标准震级标度充分考虑了我国震级测定的历史连续性,很好地继承和衔接了传统震级标度,在可操作性和资料适用性方面有极大提高。 相似文献
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提出一种高频震级标度(m): m=2log■_(kf)+3式中,■_(kf)是在震源或距断层10km处加速度傅里叶振幅谱的高频水平,单位是cm/s(平均的或其中任意一个水平分量)。可以从仪器资料或地震的有感面积来测定m。在北美东部和加州,我们规定对应于“平均”应力降的地震,m=M(矩震级)。如果M也是已知的,则m提供应力降的测量。观测的m与M之间的关系表明,对于北美东部地区地震,平均应力降大约是150bar;对于加州地区地震,平均应力降大约是70bar。北美东部地区应力降的变化又比加州地区的大得多。所提出标度的主要理由是它可用来解释有仪器记录的以前的大地震,而这些地震对北美东部地震危险性估计是十分重要的。对于这样的地震,m可以比M或m_N(Nuttli震级)的测定更为可靠,并且形成测定高频地面运动的更好基础。当将m和M作为一对使用时,则可提供为覆盖整个工程频带的地面运动的一个好的指标。如果能够给出一个地震的两种震级,那么,就可以用一个地面运动模型,如随机模型,获得可靠的反应谱和地面运动峰值。 相似文献
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矩震级标度是从地震矩换算过来的,换算关系中地震应力降与剪切模量估算的不准确会对矩震级标度产生影响.本文利用1976年1月~2006年12月发生在东经75°~135°,北纬15°~55°的M≥5地震的矩震级与面波震级,探讨了应力降与剪切模量的比值Δσ/μ在中国及邻区以及在不同震级下的分布特征.中国大陆及邻区的Δσ/μ值分布较分散,不同地区的Δσ/μ值明显不同,且绝大部分值大于矩震级和地震矩换算关系中使用的全球平均值.对于同一地区不同震级的地震,其Δσ/μ值也不一样,震级大,Δσ/μ值通常也大.研究认为剪切模量和地震应力降的估计对矩震级标度的影响不能忽略. 相似文献
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本文从地震观测数据的利用角度出发,讨论世界范围内远震震级的测定问题。笔者认为,现震级标度存在的弊病是:震级饱和,测值偏差大,过分依赖频率的变动以及需要各种校正等。体波震级的问题大于面波;周期较短的震相问题大于周期较长的震相问题。矩震级标度将逐渐取代依据变幻不定的各种地震波的观用的各种标度。对于远震,长周期地震仪记录的面波震级Ms将得以发展,成为矩震级的一种辅助标度。本文最后提出了矩震级标度实行后,历史地震震级和区域地震震级如何与之衔接的初步设想。 相似文献
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基于地震震级标度目前的现状,从形成震级标度多样性的原因入手,分析了震级基本假设和物理前提的不合理性,探讨了改善震级状况的基本途径和原则。 相似文献
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Based on the earthquake catalog reported by the Chinese digital seismic network in recent years, we select the earthquakes with both surface wave magnitude and local magnitude and fit them into a relationship between the two magnitudes. The systematic difference is found from the formula which has been used for 30 years. Because of a large dynamic range and wide frequency range of the current digital observation system, in addition to a larger number of stations and earthquakes being used compared to before, the relation obtained in this paper seems more reliable. Our calculation shows that there is no significant difference before and after magnitude conversion so we suggest the abandonment of magnitude conversion. The site response of a station consists of amplification at different frequencies. The amplification is equal to about 1 and changes little with frequency at stations located on basement rock, and it is greater than 1 at low frequency ranges and less than 1 at high frequency ranges at stations located on sediment layers. The difference between magnitudes from single station located on sediment layer and the average magnitude from the whole network increases from negative to positive with period. It seems that there is no fixed station correction factor and the station correction method does not work to improve the accuracy and magnitude estimates. 相似文献
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不同标度震级关系和台基影响问题探讨 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
利用近年中国数字地震台网观测报告中的中国及邻区地震目录资料,取能够同时计算面波震级MS和近震震级ML的地震,拟合出2种震级之间的关系,发现与过去使用30余年的换算公式存在系统差别。考虑现代化地震数字观测系统有动态范围大、频带宽、台站多、覆盖区域广、测定精度高的特点,由此拟合的关系应当更可靠。考虑不同误差因素统计面波震级MS和近震震级ML的关系表明,2种震级之间换算和不换算的差别并不大,因此建议MS和ML震级之间不换算为宜。分析地震台站的场地响应发现:一些基岩台的放大因子在1附近,场地响应不随频率变化;处于沉积土层的台站,放大因子在低频段大于1,高频段小于1;还有一些台站在某个频段范围大于1,或者小于1。另外,沉积土层台站的单台震级和台网平均震级差也随周期增大,呈现由负到正的增长趋势。看来并不存在固定的台站校正系数,因此不能把台站校正作为提高震级测定精度的方法。 相似文献
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震级转换关系及其对地震活动性参数的影响研究 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
本文根据1990-2007年《中国地震年报》中同时给出Ms和ML、且震源深度〈70km的6577个浅源地震资料,经统计回归得到了全国和各地震区Ms与ML之间的经验关系。新的震级转换关系接近于Ms=ML,本文建议在需要进行震级标度转换时,对于没有测定Ms的低震级地震可直接使用Ms=ML进行转换。与目前广泛使用的震级转换关系相比,采用本文建议的震级转换方法后,全国各地震区5级以上地震的数量基本没有变化,但5级以下地震的数量有明显增加,导致由此统计得到的各地震区震级.频度关系中的b值有不同程度的增大。此外,用地震数量直接得到的4级以上地震的年平均发生率V4有明显增高,且部分地震区甚至增加了50%以上。在高震级地震发生率不变的情况下,地震活动性参数的上述变化反映了对地震区地震活动水平的估计有提高,可能导致概率地震危险性分析结果的提高,对地震区划和工程场地地震安全性评价有重要意义。 相似文献
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Santanu Baruah Saurabh Baruah P. K. Bora R. Duarah Aditya Kalita Rajib Biswas N. Gogoi J. R. Kayal 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(11):1977-1988
An attempt has been made to examine an empirical relationship between moment magnitude (M W) and local magnitude (M L) for the earthquakes in the northeast Indian region. Some 364 earthquakes that were recorded during 1950–2009 are used in this study. Focal mechanism solutions of these earthquakes include 189 Harvard-CMT solutions (M W?≥?4.0) for the period 1976–2009, 61 published solutions and 114 solutions obtained for the local earthquakes (2.0?≤?M L?≤?5.0) recorded by a 27-station permanent broadband network during 2001–2009 in the region. The M W–M L relationships in seven selected zones of the region are determined by linear regression analysis. A significant variation in the M W–M L relationship and its zone specific dependence are reported here. It is found that M W is equivalent to M L with an average uncertainty of about 0.13 magnitude units. A single relationship is, however, not adequate to scale the entire northeast Indian region because of heterogeneous geologic and geotectonic environments where earthquakes occur due to collisions, subduction and complex intra-plate tectonics. 相似文献
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Using 116 earthquakes over M_L3.8 in the Inner Mongolia region from 2008 to 2015, the local earthquake magnitude M_L and surface wave magnitude M_S are remeasured. Based on norm linear regression(SR1 and SR2) and norm(OR) orthogonal regression method, we established the conversion relationship between M_L and M_S. The results were tested with Gaussian disturbance. The result shows that the orthogonal regression method(OR) result has the best fitting curve, and the conversion relation is M_S=0.96 M_L-0.10. The difference between our result and Guo Lücan's(M_S=1.13 M_L-1.08) may be caused by regional tectonic characteristics. M_(S Inner Mongolia) value is significantly higher than the M_(S empirical) value, with an average difference of 0.23, the difference distribution of empirical relation and the rectified relation is in the range of 0.2-0.3. 相似文献
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山西地区不同时段地震目录最小完整性震级研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对地震目录的最小完整性震级MC的科学评估, 是进行地震活动性和地震危险性分析的重要基础, 而最小完整性震级MC又是表征台网监测能力的关键参数。 本文据山西地震观测台网建设时间的阶段性差异, 将其分为4个时段, 以1970—2012年山西地区地震目录为基础资料, 利用震级-序号法、 最大曲率法(MAXC)、 90%和95%的拟合度GFT法, 研究了不同时段山西地区地震目录最小完整性震级MC的时序变化特征。 1970年以来随着山西测震台网的改造, MC逐步降低, 尤其是“十五”数字化台网改造后, 山西ML≥0.9地震基本完整, 表明山西地震监测能力逐步提升。 相似文献
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Tokutaro Hatori 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1995,144(3-4):471-479
Based on the tsunami data in the Central American region, the regional characteristic of tsunami magnitude scales is discussed in relation to earthquake magnitudes during the period from 1900 to 1993. Tsunami magnitudes on the Imamura-Iida scale of the 1985 Mexico and 1992 Nicaragua tsunamis are determined to bem=2.5, judging from the tsunami height-distance diagram. The magnitude values of the Central American tsunamis are relatively small compared to earthquakes with similar size in other regions. However, there are a few large tsunamis generated by low-frequency earthquakes such as the 1992 Nicaragua earthquake. Inundation heights of these unusual tsunamis are about 10 times higher than those of normal tsunamis for the same earthquake magnitude (M
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=6.9–7.2). The Central American tsunamis having magnitudem>1 have been observed by the Japanese tide stations, but the effect of directivity toward Japan is very small compared to that of the South American tsunamis. 相似文献
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统计分析了山西省地震台网观测报告测震震级的现状。发现单台震级偏离台网平均震级较大,讨论了这些值偏大的原因,指出这是原始量规函数的地区差异及系统偏差所致,提出求算适合山西地区高精度量规函数的建议 相似文献