呼图壁MS6.2地震前后重力变化特征分析

文中基于北天山地区2013—2018年期间的流动重力观测资料,详细分析了2016年12月8日呼图壁MS6. 2地震前、后区域重力场的时空分布特征及其与地震发生的关系,结果表明:1)重力变化等值线与断裂的走向基本一致,震前震中附近存在四象限分布,呼图壁MS6. 2地震发生在四象限分布的中心附近; 2)区域重力变化及点值时间序列显示震中区域积蓄的能量在地震后得到了释放,震中附近区域震后逐渐趋于稳态; 3)震前区域重力场的时空演化图像表现为"稳态—区域性重力异常—四象限分布特征性异常—反向变化发震"的系统演化过程。     

2017年5月11日新疆塔什库尔干MS 5.5地震震害特征分析

2017年5月11日新疆塔什库尔干发生M_S 5.5地震,该地震的发震构造为塔什库尔干断裂带,属于全新世发震构造,且为浅源型张性中强地震。此地区受欧亚板块和印度洋板块的挤压碰撞,构造活动剧烈。极震区位于地震断裂上方,灾害破坏较集中,地震对震中附近的库孜滚村造成了毁灭性破坏,与同级别地震相比,灾情较重。灾区位于帕米尔高原,自然条件恶劣,资源匮乏,经济落后,自建房屋质量差,抗震能力低,这也是本次地震震级不大、震害较重的重要原因。     

2016年12月8日新疆呼图壁MS6.2地震烈度分布初探

根据182个烈度调查点的结果,结合余震序列分布、震源机制解和地震构造分析,编制呼图壁M_S 6.2地震烈度图。极震区烈度为Ⅷ度,等震线长轴走向为EW向,发震构造为清水河子断裂。     

2016年12月8日新疆呼图壁MS6.2地震发震构造初步研究

2016年12月8日呼图壁县发生M_S6.2地震,由于初始定位误差较大,余震序列分布离散,对呼图壁地震的发震断层尚不清楚。本研究采用CAP方法反演主震及余震中M_S ≥ 3.5地震的震源机制解,并采用双差定位方法对余震进行重定位,得到了637个地震的震源参数。结果显示,呼图壁地震主震的最佳双力偶节面解为：节面Ⅰ走向82°,倾角18°,滑动角61°;节面Ⅱ走向292°,倾角74°,滑动角98°。其中节面Ⅱ为本次地震的破裂面。重定位后,主震的震源位置被重定为（86.36°E,43.79°N）,震源深度14 km,根据余震的分布特点、震源机制解特征和区域构造特征,呼图壁地震的发震断层并不是南倾的准噶尔南缘断裂,而是在其北边的霍尔果斯-玛纳斯-吐谷鲁断裂带上的一个反冲断层。在北天山区域内,由于构造反转的作用,存在诸多倾角在45°~55°之间的北倾的断层。根据GPS的资料显示,天山北部地区的应力在新生代晚期已开始积累,这增加了天山北部前缘的发震概率。     

新疆呼图壁M_S6.2地震定点形变异常分析

通过对呼图壁MS6.2地震周围台站前兆资料的梳理、分析,其结果表明,榆树沟洞体应变趋势压缩、阜康水管仪趋势E倾、库尔勒水平摆趋势W倾、库尔勒断层趋势压缩等背景异常表明此区域应力处于不断积累状态;新源井下摆出现快速N倾、年变畸变中期异常;榆树沟水管仪出现速率加快,巴伦台钻孔应变出现大幅压性变化等短临异常。此次地震发生前前兆中期异常出现时间早,且距震中较远,而临震异常出现时间较为晚,距震中较近,中期和临震异常的空间演化呈现由外围向近场迁移的现象。     

基于GPS技术的2016年呼图壁M_S6.2地震形变特征研究

利用2013~2017年3期GPS观测资料,通过结合区域构造背景分析呼图壁MS6.2地震震中及附近区域水平运动速率、主应变率、面膨胀率及最大剪应变率动态变化特征。结果表明,呼图壁地震前发震构造南部区域地壳速率高于北部区域运动速率,造成发震构造两盘运动速率不同,地壳能量积蓄。呼图壁地震释放了区域积蓄的应变能量,由于区域构造因素,影响范围较小。震前震中附近区域处于压缩环境,易于聚集应变能量;震时震中区出现面膨胀等值线密集高梯度带,是地壳应变能量交换和释放剧烈区域。震中区最大剪应变变化不大,反映呼图壁地震逆冲性质,最大剪应变高值区对地震危险性有预示作用。     

2016年新疆呼图壁6.2级地震房屋震害及成因浅析

对2016年12月8日新疆呼图壁6.2级地震灾区范围内不同结构类型房屋的震害资料进行了整理,分析了震害原因,探讨了该次地震中房屋震害的特征,得到了一些初步结论,并对地震灾区的恢复和重建提出了相关建议。     

2015年7月3日新疆皮山M_S6.5级地震震害特征分析

2015年7月3日新疆皮山M_S6.5级地震灾区地处塔里木盆地南缘,该地自然条件恶劣,经济极为落后,灾区农村的民房除了抗震安居工程建设的房屋外,还有大量抗震性能较差的民居,在地震中受损严重,经济损失较大。灾区大部分位于山前溢出带,地下水位浅、地基土层软弱等场地条件对地震动有放大作用,震害影响范围较大。灾后重建中应继续加大安居富民工程的经费投入力度。灾区北部人口密集,地基土层软弱,工程地质条件差,建议在今后的安居富民建设中加强地基处理。     

基于气枪震源信号和背景噪声的2016年呼图壁6.2级地震前后波速变化特征初步研究

本文选取呼图壁气枪发射台周边流动台记录的2016年6月至2017年12月气枪震源信号和背景噪声信号,分别采用互相关时延检测法和移动窗互谱法研究2016年12月呼图壁6.2级地震前后波速变化特征,得到以下初步结果:呼图壁6.2级地震前后,距6.2级地震60 km的流动台记录的气枪震源信号未发现明显的波速变化,距6.2级地...     

呼图壁MS6.2地震跨断层形变场地资料异常变化分析

对北天山地区2016年12月8日呼图壁M_S6.2地震周边300 km范围内跨断层精密水准资料进行分析,运用二倍均方差对异常进行判定,计算出2012～2016年断层的趋势累积率Dc,认为地震前存在着一定范围的应力积累、加速运动、尖点突跳等中短期前兆异常,地震发生在形变异常显著及断层形变趋势累积率高值区域。     

Damage Investigation of the Hutubi MS6.2 Earthquake on December 8, 2016

The Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake occurred on December 8, 2016, in Hutubi County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, causing three people injured. The earthquake effected areas mainly included 25 townships and towns, plus Hutubi County and Manas County in Changji, Hutubi and Manas. The total effected area is 12,450km². In this paper, we summarize the seismo-tectonic background and geomorphic features of the earthquake zone. Under the guidance of the standard "The Earthquake Site Works-Parts 4:Assessment of Direct Loss", the damage to buildings and lifeline systems with various structural types are introduced, and we ultimately estimate the direct economic losses to mud-wood houses and the destruction of brick-wood houses. Our results indicate that "The Urban and Rural Seismic Safe Housing Project" played a key role in reducing this earthquake disaster.     

Discussion on the Seismic Intensity of the Hutubi MS6.2 Earthquake on December 8, 2016

Based on the field investigation of 182 seismic hazard survey sites,combined with analysis of the aftershock sequence, focal mechanism, and seismo-tectonic background, we produced the seismic intensity map of the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake. The seismic intensity of the magistoseismic area is degree Ⅷ,with the orientation of long axis of isoseismic contour lines east-west. The Qingshuihezi fault is considered as the seismogenic fault of Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake     

Double Difference Location of the Mainshock and Aftershocks of the Hutubi MS6.2 Earthquake That Occurred on December 8, 2016

The mainshock and aftershocks of the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake on December 8, 2016 were relocated by applying the double difference method, and we relocated 477 earthquakes in the Hutubi region.The earthquake relocation results show that the aftershocks are distributed in the east-west direction towards the north side of the southern margin of the Junggar Basin fault, and are mainly distributed in the western region of the mainshock. The distance between the mainshock after relocation and the southern margin of the Junggar Basin fault is obviously shortened. Combined with the focal mechanism and the spatial distribution of the mainshock and aftershocks, it is inferred that the southern margin of the Junggar Basin fault is the main seismogenic structure of the Hutubi earthquake.     

2022年门源MS6.9和2016年门源MS6.4地震序列比较分析

2022年1月8日青海省海北州门源县发生M_S6.9地震,震中距离2016年1月21日门源M_S6.4地震震中约33km,两次门源地震均发生在冷龙岭断裂附近,但在震源机制、主发震断层破裂过程及地震序列余震活动等方面显著不同。针对两次门源地震序列的比较分析,对研究冷龙岭断裂及其附近区域强震序列和余震衰减特征等具有重要研究意义。通过对比分析2022年门源M_S6.9地震和2016年门源M_S6.4地震余震的时空演化特征,发现二者在震源过程和断层破裂尺度上存在明显差异,前者发震断层破裂充分,震后能量释放充分,余震丰富且震级偏高;而后者发震断层未破裂至地表,余震震级水平偏低。综合分析两次门源地震序列表现出来的差异性,认为其可能与地震发震断层的破裂过程密切相关,且同时受到区域构造环境的影响。     

Characteristics and Analysis of the Seismic Damage from the MS7.0 Jiuzhaigou Earthquake in the Area between Songpan and Jiuzhaigou

This paper expounds the features of the buildings and analyzes the seismic disaster characteristics of the Jiuzhaigou M_S7. 0 earthquake in the area between Songpan and Jiuzhaigou. New buildings (especially the frame structure) had good anti-seismic performance,but brick-wood structures and brick-concrete structures sustained large amounts of damage in the earthquake. By computing the seismic damage index,we found that the seismic damage index of the frame structure was far less than that of civil structures and brick-wood structures. The seismic damage index of frame structures were all zero in the Ⅵ area,and increased rapidly with the increase of intensity,but the increasing range was reduced. We also discussed how to evaluate the intensity in areas where there was a lack of buildings or there was only one structure type,which can be referenced in future field work.     

Study on Seismic Damage to Buildings from the 2016 Hutubi MS6.2 Earthquake

Based on the field investigation of the building types and damage caused to them by the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake on December 8, 2016, we analyzed the damage characteristics and causes for different types of buildings. In conclusion we put forward some suggestions for the restoration and reconstruction in the earthquake affected area in future.