Impact of oasis establishment on underground environment in salinized sandy lands

The salinized sandy lands are the important reclaimable reserve wastelands in the south area of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. But it is necessary that the ecological environment of the area is not destroyed by action of oasis development. The main factor to hinder oasis development is land salinization. Rational oasis establishment rebuilds wastelands with lower productivity and utilization efficiency for the growth of agriculture, forestry, and stock raising.The results of surveying sub-soil environment of Aimugaike-Awati oasis in Hotian County of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region show that the underground water and soil environment are not deteriorated under the rational management and administration, which could be coordinated for obtaining economic and environmental benefit. During the oasis establishment period from 1997 to 1999, the plowland area has reached 166.7 hm², and the seed cotton yield per unit area has reached 2250 kg · hm^?2, the area of timber forest and active sand break forest has reached 20 hm², the area of fruit trees is 71.5 hm²; and the soil moisture has decreased from 22.07% to 18.12%. In the first year of oasis establishment, the soil type has changed salt soil into light salt soil, in the second year the soil has been out of salt harm; and the content of soil organic matter in topsoil has increased obviously.     

基于熵权法的我国西部地区历史地震灾害等级划分

选取1990—2019年我国西部地区258次破坏性地震事件的灾害损失资料进行空间化处理,以每次地震烈度区的面积、死亡人数、受伤人数、直接经济损失等 4 个灾害损失量为指标,运用熵权法确定各指标的权重系数,划分我国西部地区各市（州）的5个历史地震灾害等级。结果表明,历史地震灾害极重的区域是四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州、青海省玉树藏族自治州、云南省昭通市、新疆维吾尔自治区和田地区、云南省丽江市、新疆维吾尔自治区喀什地区、新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州、四川省雅安市、云南省楚雄彝族自治州;历史地震灾害严重的区域是青海省海南藏族自治州、新疆维吾尔自治区克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州、青海省甘孜藏族自治州、甘肃省定西市、内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市。     

新版1：1000000新疆地震构造图简介

在1∶500 000地质图的基础上,参考了1∶2 000 000新疆维吾尔自治区地震构造图和1∶4 000 000中国活动构造图,系统收集了近10年来的活动构造、新构造、地球物理、地震活动、盆地区第四系等厚线和GPS形变观测等资料的基础上,经综合分析研究编制新版1∶1 000 000新疆地震构造图.该图共含括第四纪以来的活动断层200余条,这些构造多经过ETM等影像资料的精确校对核实,其展布和几何特征与实际情况更为吻合.该图的编制,对新疆地区的地震烈度区划、震害预测预防、城乡建设、经济规划和地震应急等具有较重要的实用参考价值.     

The statistical study of precursory anomalies observed in Chinese Seismological Network

ｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＧｅｎｅｒａｌｙｗｅｒｅｇａｒｄｔｈｅｖａｒｉａｂｌｅｐａｒｔｓｏｆｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｙｄａｔａｆｒｏｍｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｄｉｓｔｕｒｂａｎｃｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎａｌｅｒｏｒｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｒｅｍｏｖｅｄａｓｔ...     

机房动力环境监控系统

通过解决新疆维吾尔自治区地震局应急指挥中心和信息网络机房动力环境设备的控制与管理中遇到的实际问题,介绍了机房动力环境监控系统在网络机房中的应用.     

地质档案在经济建设中的作用

结合新疆维吾尔自治区地质档案资料二次开发利用带来的经济、社会效益,阐明了开展地质资料专项清理,推进地质档案开发利用,为区域经济建设服务的重要性。     

Characteristics and conservation of biodiversity in Xinjiang

The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region covers nearly 1/6 territory of China, with vari-ous landscape patterns, environmental conditions and three key regions of biodiversity of China.The ecosystem here has a relatively simple structure and fragile ecological stability. The coverageof sparse vegetation here is only 2.1% which is far lower than 14%, the average coverage all overthe country. Although the fragile and unstable ecosystems are improved partly in the past, the totalsituation in Xinjiang has worsened (such as drying up of rivers and lakes, desertification andsalinization of soil, deterioration of meadow, reduction of biodiversity, etc.). Although the speciesnumbers of Xinjiang are few, the diversity of taxa is very high. The types of plant communities areabundant, and the flora abounds in one-species genus, one-genus family and few-species genus.Also, the fauna abounds in endangered species and endemic species, of which 108 species ofvertebrates were listed as nationally protected species. In addition, there are abundantanti-adversity gene pools. The present paper puts forwards several suggestions for biodiversityconservation in Xinjiang.     

新疆独山子山前活断层和活褶皱及古地震研究

本文初步研究了新疆独山子山前活断层、活褶皱构造。这些表层构造有着不同性质的地表变形,是多次古地震活动的反映。文中将这些古地震遗迹分为四期,并计算了该断层带的地震复发周期和平均位移速率。     

青新交界8.1级地震生命线工程震害

介绍了青新交界8．1级地震中青藏公路沿线各类生命线工程的震害，初步分析了产生震害的原因。     

2003年2月24日新疆巴楚-伽师地震预报的讨论

介绍了作者用三性法对2003年2月24日新疆巴楚—伽师地震的早期跨越式预报，并讨论了某些相关问题。     

Characteristics and conservation of biodiversity in Xinjiang

The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region covers nearly 1/6 territory of China, with various landscape patterns, environmental conditions and three key regions of biodiversity of China. The ecosystem here has a relatively simple structure and fragile ecological stability. The coverage of sparse vegetation here is only 2.1% which is far lower than 14%, the average coverage all over the country. Although the fragile and unstable ecosystems are improved partly in the past, the total situation in Xinjiang has worsened (such as drying up of rivers and lakes, desertification and salinization of soil, deterioration of meadow, reduction of biodiversity, etc.). Although the species numbers of Xinjiang are few, the diversity of taxa is very high. The types of plant communities are abundant, and the flora abounds in one-species genus, one-genus family and few-species genus. Also, the fauna abounds in endangered species and endemic species, of which 108 species of vertebrates were listed as nationally protected species. In addition, there are abundant anti-adversity gene pools. The present paper puts forwards several suggestions for biodiversity conservation in Xinjiang.

     

2005年2月15日新疆乌什6.2级地震的地震环境及强震加速度记录

2005年2月15日7时38分7．5秒，在新疆维吾尔自治区乌什县境内发生了6．2级地震，在4团、乌什设立的强震台记录到了地震加速度记录。本文介绍了乌什地区6级以上地震的历史地震环境，对比分析了衰减公式与实际事件的异同。     

利用GPS观测研究新疆伽师地区的水平变形特征

推导了利用位移场计算主应变、面膨胀、最大剪应变的公式，通过1998—2000年间的两次重复GPS观测结果，计算了新疆伽师强震活动区在1998～2000年间的水平主应变、面膨胀、最大剪应变等水平变形特征量的分布，分析了2003年发生在该地区的Ms6．8级地震与GPS观测计算的变形场特征量之间的分布关系。并从力学理论的角度对该地区的地质构造运动、局部形变特征与地震活动的关系进行了讨论，得出了一些有意义的结论和认识。     

Water relation characteristics of Alhagi sparsifolia and consequences for a sustainable management

Water relation characteristics of the desert legume Alhagisparsifolia were investigatedduring the vegetation period from April to September 1999 in the foreland of Qira oasis at thesouthern fringe of the Taklamakan Desert, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. The sea-sonal variation of predawn water potentials and of diurnal water potential indicated that Alhagiplants were well water supplied over the entire vegetation period. Decreasing values in the sum-mer months were probably attributed to increasing temperatures and irradiation and therefore ahigher evapotranspirative demand. Data from pressure-volume analysis confirmed that Alhagiplants were not drought stressed and xylem sap flow measurements indicated that Alhagiplantsused large amounts of water during the summer months. Flood irrigation had no influence on waterrelations in Alhagiprobably because Alhagiplants produced only few fine roots in the upper soillayers. The data indicate that Alhagisparsifolia is a drought-avoiding species that utilizes groundwater by a deep roots system, which is the key characteristic to adjust the hyper-arid environment.Because growth and survival of Alhagidepends on ground water supply, it is important that varia-tiohs of ground water depth are kept to a minimum. The study will provide a theoretical basis forthe restoration and management of natural vegetation around oasis in arid regions.     

UAV Remote Sensing Information Acquisition and Analysis of MS5.4 Earthquake in Baicheng County,Xinjiang

以2021年3月24日新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区拜城县M_S5.4地震为例,利用无人机进行灾区航拍,结合现场调查完成灾区地表破裂情况、建筑物毁坏程度、道路毁坏程度无人机遥感灾情获取与分析。研究结果表明,此次拜城地震产生长约5 km的地表破裂带,主破裂带具有左旋走滑特征,与主压应力场方向一致;受地震动、地表破裂、场地类型及土壤成分等因素影响,地表破裂带周边老旧砖木结构房屋不同程度受损,乡村道路不同程度破坏;此次地震造成的地表破裂和震害分布情况受断裂带控制。     

2005年2月15日新疆乌什县6.3级地震后震情和灾情快速判定

2005年2月15日乌什6.3级地震发生后,根据历史地震类型、空间分布图像和发震构造的对比分析在4个小时内做出快速判定:6.3级地震较大可能为主余型地震,短期内震区有可能发生5级左右强余震,并根据历史地震震害、地震空间位置与震害关系以及地震断错主动盘与震害关系的对比分析,快速估计6.3级地震区的人员伤亡和经济损失较轻。评估意见及时向新疆维吾尔自治区领导作了汇报,为自治区和震区的领导和群众顺利开展抗震救灾工作发挥了良好作用。经过1个多月的实际检验,证明上述意见是正确的。最后对快速判定中应该注意的事项和存在的问题进行了讨论。     

天山地震活动区地下水中碳同位素的初步研究

介绍了中国新疆维吾尔自治区地震局和乌兹别克斯坦共和国科学院地震研究所近 1 0年来地震科技合作在地下水碳同位素方面的基本研究成果。结合天山主要地震活动区 2 0 0余个水点的碳同位素观测资料 (其中乌鲁木齐地下水中碳同位素资料是第一次公布 ) ,分析了水中碳同位素的区域分布规律、来源及影响因素 ,探讨了碳同位素地震前兆异常的某些特征。     

探索地震预报

大地震不是任何地方都可以发生的，大地震不是任何时刻都可以发生的，据此可以引导我们去探索地震发生的规律。2001年11月14日新疆-青海交界Ms8.1大震，是对本文论点的一次较好验证。     

Water relation characteristics ofAlhagi sparsifolia and consequences for a sustainable management

Water relation characteristics of the desert legumeAlhagi sparsifolia were investigated during the vegetation period from April to September 1999 in the foreland of Qira oasis at the southern fringe of the Taklamakan Desert, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. The seasonal variation of predawn water potentials and of diurnal water potential indicated thatAlhagi plants were well water supplied over the entire vegetation period. Decreasing values in the summer months were probably attributed to increasing temperatures and irradiation and therefore a higher evapotranspirative demand. Data from pressure-volume analysis confirmed thatAlhagi plants were not drought stressed and xylem sap flow measurements indicated thatAlhagi plants used large amounts of water during the summer months. Flood irrigation had no influence on water relations inAlhagi probably becauseAlhagi plants produced only few fine roots in the upper soil layers. The data indicate thatAlhagi sparsifolia is a drought-avoiding species that utilizes ground water by a deep roots system, which is the key characteristic to adjust the hyper-arid environment. Because growth and survival ofAlhagi depends on ground water supply, it is important that variations of ground water depth are kept to a minimum. The study will provide a theoretical basis for the restoration and management of natural vegetation around oasis in arid regions.

     

无线局域网在地震应急现场中的应用

地震应急是我国防震减灾工作3大体系之一,鉴于地震预报尚不过关,在没有作出临震预报而地震突然发生时,为在灾区进行有效的救援而采取的紧急行动.通信、计算机等新技术是地震应急指挥和救援工作顺利进行的重要保证,无线局域网是计算机网络与无线通信技术相结合的产物,无线局域网利用了无线多址信道的一种有效方法来支持计算机之间的通信,本文根据新疆地震局地震应急现场工作情况,阐述无线局域网在地震应急现场中的应用,讨论了地震应急现场所适应的几种无线局域网的组网模式.