澳大利亚新南威尔士冲积型金刚石的复杂成因

澳大利亚东部的金刚石产在显生宙基岩之上的冲积物中 ,成因不明 ,既没有已知的金伯利岩或钾镁煌斑岩岩筒 ,也没有出现与金刚石共生的常见指示矿物。新南威尔士的Ｗｅｌｌｉｎｇｔｏｎ、Ｂｉｎｇａｒ、Ｃｏｐｅｔｏｎ和ＡｉｒｌｙＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎ冲积型金刚石形成两种不同的类型 ,这里称为Ａ型和Ｂ型。Ａ型金刚石与在全球范围内的金伯利岩和钾镁煌斑岩中发现的金刚石相似 ,被认为是在前寒武纪岩石圈地幔中形成的。Ｂ型金刚石不寻常的特征显示它们是在碰撞环境下形成的。两种金刚石表面特点显示它们都被岩浆带到地表。Ａ型金刚石的原生晶体形…     

四川地质灾害特征及防治对策探讨

四川的地质灾害为我国发育最多、规模最大、类型最全、频率最高、危害最严重的地质灾害,在享有"天府之国"美誉的同时也享有"地质灾害博物馆"之称.地质灾害严重制约了四川省的经济发展.文章在广泛收集前人资料的基础上、重点研究了四川地质灾害在空间上、时间上的发育分布特征,研究分析了地质灾害的形成条件,诱发原因和发展趋势,结合地质灾害的危害首次划分了重力型、降雨型、人工型、复合型四种成灾摸武,同时根据四川地质灾害的发育特点.提出了行政、技术、综合治理的防治对策.     

中国绿岩带型金矿床类型和地质特征

绿岩带型金矿床是世界和我国重要的金矿床类型。中国绿岩带型金矿床可分为同构造晚期初生型金矿床和构造期后再生型金矿床二类。这二类金矿床的成矿地质环境、矿床地质地球化学均具有明显的不同。同构造晚期初生型金矿床不仅产出在中低变质绿岩带中，而且在高级变质绿岩带中分布很普遍和发育。构造期后再生型热液金矿床分布广泛、储量极大，是具有中国地质特色的金矿床类型。     

银矿自然重砂矿物组合规律及其找矿意义

根据20世纪60年代全国范围内展开的自然重砂测量工作所累积的自然重砂数据资料,统计了全国各省72个典型银矿床的自然重砂情况,通过计算和分析各自然重砂矿物在所对应的类型的矿床中的报出频率,得出火山沉积型、沉积型、变质型、侵入岩型4种类型的银矿所对应的自然重砂矿物组合。展现这4种类型矿床的重砂矿物组合的相似之处及不同之处。按照这种方式建立的不同矿床类型的自然重砂矿物组合,对于建立自然重砂找矿模型具有重要的意义。     

国外锂矿找矿的新突破(2017~2018年)及对我国关键矿产勘查的启示

全球范围内锂矿的勘查保持活跃态势,本文仅就2017年和2018年国外锂矿勘探的进展情况及动向做一些简单介绍,重点概述非洲、澳洲、北美洲、欧洲等地伟晶岩型锂矿勘探的新进展,区域上以非洲和西澳为热点,类型上以卤水型和沉积型锂矿的相关进展最为突出。通过借鉴国外锂矿勘探项目的新进展和新趋势,认为国内应增强安全意识,加强勘探投入工作,努力提高关键矿产资源的自我保障能力;摸清国内关键矿产资源家底,加强各类型锂矿的基础研究,以伟晶岩型锂矿勘查为主导,兼顾花岗岩型锂矿的调查,查明卤水型锂矿和沉积型锂矿的赋存状态;加速国内优势资源的转化,建立完整产业链;在海外投资勘查时宜加强研究,优选项目,通过合作等多种方式降低风险。     

国外锂矿找矿新进展(2019~2021年)及对我国战略性矿产勘查的启示

2019年至今,全球范围锂矿找矿力度依旧未减,热点地区不断取得新进展,成果丰硕。本文对2019年至2021年期间国外一些重点锂矿项目的找矿勘查进展情况及动向进行概述。总体来看,锂矿的全球分布格局相对稳定,盐湖型锂矿和伟晶岩型锂矿仍占据主导地位,并在相应热点地区取得重大进展。此外,沉积型及热泉型等新类型锂矿的勘查工作在美国及欧洲等地区也取得了一系列新进展。较国外而言,我国取得的找矿进展和实际增加的资源储量依然有限。通过借鉴国外锂矿勘探项目的新进展,认为国内应树牢安全意识,加大对锂等战略性矿产资源的调查评价与勘查投入;进一步加强对伟晶岩型、盐湖型等传统类型以及岩体型、沉积型及热泉型等新类型锂矿的调查研究,不断拓展找矿新区域、新空间;加速国内锂矿产业化进程,不断健全锂业产业链,在上游加强国内锂资源找矿勘查的同时,要注重下游高端产品的研发。     

浅谈平果残积层状铝土矿的地质特征及其工业价值

残积层状铝土矿是原生沉积型铝土矿在岩溶发展过程中残留下来,经风化、淋滤脱硫后在地表氧化带形成低硫高铁型工业矿体。矿体规模较大,储量可观,矿石块度大,含泥率低,易脱泥,b石质量优良,具有较高的经济价值。     

辽西两类中生代盆地铀矿化特征及其成矿前景评述

本文根据喷发-沉积特点,将辽西中生代盆地划分为火山-沉积盆地和火山熔岩盆地两类,铀矿化类型相应地划分为砂岩型及火山岩型。根据区域评价准则、指出南、北两片远景区及其若干成矿有利的盆地,并进行了成矿前景的评述。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861