顶空气相色谱法测定北京市地下水中的氯代烃

以国家标准方法和美国环保局（EPA）方法为基础，建立用自动顶空进样器对饮用水中的氯代烃进行测定的方法，探讨了影响实验空白的因素，所拟方法的检出限为：三氯甲烷0.096μg/L、四氯化碳0.034μg/L，三氯乙烯0.049μg/L，四氯乙烯0.033μg/L。方法回收率控制在82％－106％，其相对标准偏差（RSD，n=7)小于23％，符合国际有机污染物分析的标准，并用此方法对北京市地表水、地下水进行了测定。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定辉钼矿中稀土元素

采用In元素作为内标消除基体干扰效应,优化电感耦合等离子体质谱仪的工作参数,建立了辉钼矿中15种稀土元素含量的测定方法。仪器检测限为0.000 9～0.002 9μg/L,加入标准物质的回收率为99%～104%。钼标准物质测试结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%～6.7%,与标准值相符。对吉林舒兰长安堡钼矿床的3个辉钼矿样品进行了稀土元素的分析,测试结果相对标准偏差均5%,结合标准物质测定和加标回收方法的验证表明,该实验方法可用于辉钼矿中稀土元素的准确测定。     

粉末压片-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定地球化学样品中氯的方法研究

在对比已有相关分析方法的基础上,建立了粉末压片-波长色散X射线荧光光谱法测定地球化学样品中氯元素的分析方法.采用岩石、沉积物和土壤等78种国家一级地球化学标准物质作为校准系列建立校准曲线;利用经验系数法进行基体效应校正,利用含量校正法进行谱线重叠干扰校正;总结了地球化学样品中氯元素测定值随测定次数的变化规律及原因.结果表明:氯的检出限为7.95μg/g;分析3种国家一级地球化学标准物质12次,得到测定值的相对标准偏差均小于10％;采用国家一级地球化学标准物质验证方法准确度,测定值与标准物质认定值相吻合,测定平均值与标准物质认定值的对数差值的绝对值(?lgω)均小于或等于0.02,满足多目标区域地球化学调查规范的要求.     

悬浮液进样-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中痕量砷锑硒

在原子荧光光谱法传统样品前处理的基础上，提出了悬浮液进样技术。用琼脂作为悬浮剂，水溶液作为校正曲线，对土壤标准样品和实际样品进行测定，结果令人满意，并且省去了冗长的样品化学前处理过程。检出限分别为砷0．33μg／L、锑0．13μg／L、硒0．06μg／L；相对标准偏差分别为：砷3．92％～6．32％、锑1．76％～3．11％、硒3．08％～5．54％；回收率分别为砷98．7％～105．7％、锑99．5％-103．3％和硒94．6％-107．2％。国家一级标准物质的测定结果与标准值相符，实际样品的测定值与传统消化法相比较，结果基本一致。     

全谱直读等离子体发射光谱法测定高纯金中的杂质元素

用新型号的全谱直读等离子体发射光谱仪测定了高纯金中的杂质元素，进行了分析谱线的选择，功率、气体流量等工作条件的优化，选用内标法校正标准溶液与样品溶液基体不同的影响。取样量为0．5g时，方法的测定下限为0．02～4．67μg/g，回收率在90％～101％，当待测元素含量大于5μg/g时，分析结果的相对标准偏差小于5％。方法用于实际样品的分析，结果与其他方法相符。     

离子色谱法快速测定土壤中碘量

优化了碘的离子色谱分离和测定条件，仅使用保护柱IonPacAG11柱，即可快速测定土壤中的碘。方法检测限0．04μg／g(3倍的标准偏差)，测定了8个国家一级标准物质中的痕量碘，验证方法可行性，并且结果与标准值相符，相对标准偏差(RSD)小于10％(n=12)。该方法适用于大批量化探样品中碘量的分析。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定铝土矿中镓——酸溶和碱熔预处理方法比较

研究了盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸酸溶和氢氧化钠碱熔两种测定铝土矿石样品中镓的前处理方法,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行测定。对熔矿试剂及条件、分析谱线的选择和元素的干扰进行了讨论,采用不同含量的铝土矿石国家标准物质样品进行了条件实验。分析结果表明:采用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸溶解样品,会导致铝土矿石样品溶解不完全,得到的数据失真;而采用氢氧化钠碱熔法处理铝土矿石样品后,用ICP-AES法测定,镓的测定值准确度高,方法检出限为0.15μg/g,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)为2.51%～5.97%,回收率为94.8%～108.2%。该方法灵敏度高,精密度好,分析时间短,易于流程操作。方法经国家一级标准物质分析验证,测定结果与标准值相符,特别适用于铝土矿石样品中镓的测定。     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法多向观测同时测定锑矿石中锑砷铜铅锌

采用王水溶矿方法分解试样,在15％的王水介质中,建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿石中锑、砷、铜、铅和锌的方法.通过选择光谱干扰少的分析线,结合径向衰减或径向观测方式,可减小样品稀释倍数,准确测量高含量的锑、砷;结合轴向观测方式,可准确测量低含量的铜、铅、锌.方法的检出限为:锑5.0 μg/g,砷5.0μg/g,铜0.5 μg/g,铅1.0 μg/g,锌0.5μg/g.建立的方法改善了测定的准确度,相对标准偏差( RSD,n=12)小于2.8％,方法回收率为97.5％ ～ 102.5％.建立的方法经锑矿石国家一级标准物质验证,测定结果与标准值吻合,具有测定含量范围宽、分析简便快速、结果准确等优点.     

泡沫塑料分离富集原子吸收法测定氰化液中金和银

研究了装有聚醚型泡沫塑料和三苯基膦负载聚醚型泡沫塑料的吸附柱对Au,Ag的分离富集的条件,并应用于氰化液、解吸液和电解液中Au和Ag测定中的预富集,Au和Ag的回收率均>98％。对含Au量为0.91μg/ml,含Ag量0.36μg/ml的试样,经过10次测定,其相对标准偏差分别为1.22％和2.31％。     

高效阴离子交换色谱-紫外检测器联用测定海水中碘

建立了在碱性体系中采用高效阴离子交换色谱和紫外检测器联用测定海水中碘离子的分析方法。以63mmol／L NaOH为淋洗液，利用IonPac AS16型强亲水性阴离子交换分离柱．碘离子在8．3min洗脱，经抑制器后进入紫外检测器在波长226nm处检测。方法的检出限为0．05μg／L（进样量500μL，3倍信噪比），标准曲线的线性范围为1～2000μg／L（r=0．9995）。20μg／L碘离子标准溶液9次连续进样的相对标准偏差为1．85％。方法已成功地应用于海水中碘离子的测定，1μg／L碘离子的加标回收率为98％～105％。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861