咸化湖相富含层状藻与结构藻烃源岩的成烃特征新探与意义

咸化湖相沉积条件下形成的细粒沉积岩是我国页岩油勘探的热点层系。本文依据有机岩石学、扫描电镜、生烃动力学和高温高压加水热模拟实验,对准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组咸化湖相含有典型层状藻和结构藻的烃源岩的成烃特征进行对比研究。有机岩石学及扫描电镜观察表明两种藻类的赋存形式差异明显,结构藻的赋存形式主要为孤立分布特征,长度约为20～50μm;层状藻垂向上呈书页状叠置,水平延伸长。生烃动力学及高温高压热模拟实验结果指示了两种有机质的成烃过程具有明显的差异性,其中结构藻为主的烃源岩在较低成熟度就可以生成一定量烃类,随着演化程度的增加,生油速率缓慢,生油范围宽;层状藻为主烃源岩的生烃特征表现为集中生烃,生油窗范围窄且主要生烃活化能较高。该认识对于有效烃源岩评价和页岩油勘探层段与甜点区的选择均具有重要的启示和指导意义。     

鱼腥藻对某些金属离子的吸附效应研究（Ⅱ）：鱼腥藻对金（Ⅲ）的吸附

在ＰＨ５－７的缓冲介质中,鱼腥藻吸附Ａｕ＾３＋,然后用６ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣｌ洗脱,回收率在９８％－１００％。在选定条件下,鱼腹藻对Ａｕ＾３＋的最大吸附量为１５．７－１８．８ｍｇ／ｇ。所拟方法可供低含量Ａｕ＾３＋溶液中Ａｕ＾３＋的富集。     

山东莱阳盆地早白垩世龙草蛉新属（昆虫纲:脉翅目）

本文记述山东莱阳盆地早白垩世莱阳组（K₁l³）草蛉科的一个新属——龙草蛉属（Drakochrysa gen.nov.）。新属以其脉序特色而区别于相近的幻草蛉属（Nothochrysa）,并修改了中草蛉属中一个种归入本新属。同时对草蛉科各个亚科的地史分布及新属的分类位置作了讨论。     

鱼腥藻对某些金属离子的吸附效应研究（Ⅰ）

初步探讨了鱼腥藻对Mn~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)的生物吸附特性;研究了金属离子浓度与溶液pH值对吸附行为的影响;展示了某些藻类在分离富集中的应用前景。     

酒泉盆地下白垩统藻纹层分布特征及其与油气的关系

酒泉盆地下白垩统纹层状泥质白云岩和白云质泥岩中有机纹层（藻纹层）结构发育,但非均质性很强,主要表现在相同层位不同地区及同一钻井不同深度藻纹层的含量悬殊。藻纹层的分布与发育都受到沉积相及相变的控制。藻纹层主要是由浮游藻类及其降解产物组成,藻类以绿藻门绿枝藻科的圆球藻为主要属种。藻纹层含量与源岩的生烃潜力呈正相关关系。酒西坳陷已发现的大部分原油主要源于下白垩统下沟组藻纹层泥质白云岩,表明藻纹层是酒泉盆地很重要的一种生烃物质,与酒泉盆地的油气具有密切的成生联系。富含有机质纹层的湖相碳酸盐岩不仅是优质的烃源岩,而且由于其生烃物质的层状富集,在生、排烃过程中,更有利于间隙微裂缝的形成和排烃。     

中国洞穴龙虱一新属种——（鞘翅目，龙虱科，水龙虱亚科，碧龙虱族）

龙虱是一类水生甲虫,营捕食性生活。真洞穴龙虱种类不多,在中国仅记录2种。本文基于采自中国广西壮族自治区环江毛南族自治县文雅村岩律洞（干燥岩洞）一个雌性标本,描述了龙虱科一新属种——田氏华龙虱（Sinoporus tianmingyii gen. ＆ sp. nov.）。新属具有地下龙虱类特征：成虫浅色,相对柔软,无复眼和后翅。新属与已知龙虱区别如下：（1） 身体侧缘近平行;（2） 鞘翅缘折近基部具明显斜脊;（3） 鞘翅具缘缝;（4） 前足和中足腿节具长刚毛; （5） 各跗节无游泳毛。田氏华龙虱（Sinoporus tianmingyii gen. ＆ sp. nov.）.主要特征：身体卵形,背腹平坦,浅黄褐色。体长1.8 mm,最大宽度0.8 mm。头部略窄于前胸背板,两侧平行,具有密集的微网纹。触角11节,末节纺锤形。下颚须4节,末节膨大;下唇须3节,末节膨大。前胸背板两侧平行,具微网纹及稀疏的细刻点。鞘翅无微网纹,具有不规则的密刻点列。前胸腹板、中胸腹板及后胸腹板翼具有较密集的刻点。前胸腹板有密集的短白毛;前胸腹板突端部尖锐,中间具纵脊。后胸腹板翼窄。腹部第2、3节间在侧部分节不明显。前、中足腿节背面有长毛,无短刚毛;后足腿节无长毛;后足胫节细长,后足第一跗节与后两节之和等长。检视标本：正模：♀（中山大学生物博物馆）,中国广西环江县文雅村岩律洞,25.2239° N, 108.2956° E,396 m,10.xi.2009,采集人：Louis Deharveng & Anne Bedos。     

遗迹化石Zoophycos的系统修订与分类

三维形态结构复杂、分布广泛的Zoophycos一直是众多遗迹学家研究的热点.通过对1855年至2011年发表的具有详细形态描述并配有图版的动藻迹(Zoophycos)文献进行系统整理,基于详实的Zoophycos形态结构特征,系统修订了Zoophycos 属,将Zoophycos主要划分为9个种,即Zoopycos c...     

中国辽宁早白垩世华夏翼龙（翼龙目：翼手龙亚目）一新种及古神翼龙科的系统分类

根据中国辽西早白垩世九佛堂组一几乎完整头骨及头后骨骼建立古神翼龙类一新种：具冠华夏翼龙。具冠华夏翼龙以前上颌骨上具有一斧状矩形突起为特征，该突起的短轴垂直于前上颌骨的前边缘，除了该突起之外，其他的头骨特征比如鼻眶前孔的前边缘和前上颌骨的前边缘之间的吻部宽度均与季氏华夏翼龙的相似。华夏翼龙和中国的另一个古神翼龙类中国翼龙与古神翼龙共享有一些独特的头骨特征，并且这3个属看起来彼此之间的关系要比与其他神龙类密切的多。中国的古神翼龙（中国翼龙和华夏翼龙）具有相对长的头骨和弱的头骨嵴，而且似乎要比头骨短高和具有大的头骨嵴的古神翼龙原始。Tupuxuarids（Tupuxuara和Thalassodromeus）经常和古神翼龙类被放在古神翼龙科中，     

贵州紫云晚石炭世叶状藻礁灰岩微相特征与沉积环境的研究

紫云晚石炭世叶状藻礁发育在碳酸盐岩台地边缘内。研究以碳酸盐岩微相分析为主要手段,对叶状藻礁剖面中岩石的微相特征和沉积环境研究。主要总结出6个微相类型,为生物碎屑粒泥灰岩、生物碎屑泥粒灰岩、球粒生屑泥粒灰岩、叶状藻粒泥灰岩—叶状藻泥粒灰岩、腕足泥粒灰岩、生物碎屑颗粒灰岩。总结了一个在开阔台地与台地边缘过渡带上的局部相模式,由较深水的开阔台地相、叶状藻礁相、台内斜坡相和台内较浅水的斜坡相、较浅水的开阔台地相、台内浅滩相过渡,分析总结了叶状藻礁的沉积环境。微相组合及其在剖面纵向分布规律显示,剖面的总体沉积环境为潮下带浅水开阔台地环境。      

再论油气与金属（非金属）矿床的相互关系

本文根据近代Ｐｂ－Ｓｒ－Ｎｄ同位素地球化学在油气研究领域的新成果，指出油气与金属（非金属）矿床的相互关系需重新审视。从卤水、火山作用对油气、金属（非金属）矿床分布的影响，认为造成油气与金属（非金属）矿床这种空间分布关系的主要原因，可能由于它们均源于深部物质，而不是上部地壳的矿源层、烃源层。深入进行这项研究，必将对矿床成因理论有新的突破，并将对矿床勘探产生重大影响。     

A history of the ‘Zambian copper flower', Becium centraliafricanum (B. homblei)

This contribution is a short history of the Zambian copper flower, Becium homblei (recently renamed B. centraliafricanum that has attracted attention as a plant associated with Cu-rich soils. It has a peculiar discontinuous distribution in Central Africa which has been explained in terms of biotype depletion. A field investigation into the ecology of the species shows that it is able to tolerate soil Cu concentrations of up to 15,000 μg/g (ppm), and soil nickel concentrations of nearly 5000 μg/g. B. homblei is also found on areas where soil metals are in trace quantities, and where soil bases, particularly Ca, are low. In spite of its tolerance to a wide range of edaphic conditions, the distribution of the species is very restricted in Zimbabwe, and this is almost certainly due to severe interspecific competition with a closely related species, B. obovatum, which is common on soils not unusually enriched in heavy metals. Pioneering work on geobotanical prospecting by use of Becium homblei was carried out by the late G. Woodward and others in the 1950s and 1960s. This species was used successfully for geobotanical prospecting for Cu. This present report is a brief history of these pioneering studies     

Early Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera from the Tethys: the large, many-chambered representatives of the genus Globigerinelloides

This paper deals with the taxonomic revision of the Early Cretaceous large, many-chambered planispiral planktonic foraminifera, historically assigned to the genus Globigerinelloides or alternatively assigned in the 1990s to the genera Globigerinelloides Cushman and ten Dam, Biglobigerinella Lalicker, Blowiella Krechmar and Gorbachik and Alanlordella BouDagher-Fadel. In a previous paper we demonstrated that the morphological and microstructural features used in the literature for distinguishing Blowiella from Globigerinelloides have value only at species level, and the former genus was thus invalidated (being the junior synonym). Moreover, the Late Aptian specimens assigned to Biglobigerinella by some authors, based on the presence of twin last chamber(s), are also included in Globigerinelloides because individuals sharing the same features (number of chambers, growth rate, size of umbilicus, and a finely perforate wall) may or may not possess twin last chamber(s). Meanwhile, Moullade et al. questioned the taxonomic value of Alanlordella, erected by BouDagher-Fadel to accommodate planispiral taxa possessing a macroperforate wall. All the species analysed here possess a finely perforate wall and consequently cannot be assigned to this taxon.The large species of Globigerinelloides retained here, with six or more chambers in the outer whorl, are G. algerianus Cushman and ten Dam, G. aptiensis Longoria, G. barri (Bolli, Loeblich and Tappan) and G. ferreolensis (Moullade).In the sections studied, Globigerinelloides aptiensis was first found close to the Barremian/Aptian boundary, even though this species was recorded in Spain (Rio Argos) in the mid Upper Barremian; very rare, small, seven-chambered individuals here assigned to Globigerinelloides ferreolensis are recorded in the Lower Aptian (just below and within the Selli Level, OAE1a), while a few specimens belonging to Globigerinelloides barri occur in the Globigerinelloides ferreolensis Zone (Upper Aptian). Globigerinelloides aptiensis and G. ferreolensis range up to the Ticinella bejaouaensis Zone while Globigerinelloides barri disappears at the top of the Globigerinelloides algerianus Zone; finally, Globigerinelloides algerianus obviously spans the eponymous total range zone.From an evolutionary point of view, two lineages within the many-chambered Globigerinelloides have been recognized. In the first, already known in the literature, Globigerinelloides aptiensis gave rise to G. ferreolensis, which evolved into G. algerianus; the latter in turn gave rise to Pseudoplanomalina cheniourensis as the final evolutionary member. In the second lineage Globigerinelloides barri originated from G. blowi.     

Eutrephoceras subplicatum (Steinmann, 1895) is a junior synonym of Eutrephoceras dorbignyanum (Forbes in Darwin, 1846) (Cephalopoda, Nautiloidea) from the Maastrichtian Quiriquina Formation of Chile

Nautilus subplicatusSteinmann, 1895 is a latest Cretaceous species of nautiloid which is common in southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and the Antarctic Peninsula and which is best assigned to the genus EutrephocerasHyatt, 1894. Nautilus dorbignyanusForbes in Darwin, 1846 and Nautilus valenciennii Hupé in Gay, 1854 are here considered to be senior synonyms which later authors have apparently overlooked. The type material of these two taxa is reillustrated. On the basis of this and additional material it is demonstrated that only a single nautiloid species occurs in the Quiriquina Formation of late Maastrichtian age. For this we propose to use N. dorbignyanus as the oldest available name.     

Revision of the conchostracan genus Estherites from the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation of the Songliao Basin and its biogeographic significance in China

The diagnosis of Estherites corrugatus from the basal part of the Coniacian Second Member of the Nenjiang Formation in Nenjiang County, north-east China is revised following the application of a new preparation technique to some of the carapaces and an examination of specimens under a scanning electron microscope, both of which revealed morphological features on the carapace that had not been recognized previously. Restudy of the type species of the two subgenera Estherites (Euestherites) and Estherites (Parestherites) also revealed details of carapace features not seen hitherto. These indicate that they should be separated from Estherites. As a result, Euestherites is upgraded to genus level and Parestherites is placed in synonymy. The importance of Estherites and Euestherites is considered in the context of Late Cretaceous assemblages of these crustaceans and the three conchostracan provinces (South-West, South-East and North China) that are recognized to have been present in China during the Turonian–Santonian period.     

Revision of the conchostracan genera Cratostracus and Porostracus from Cretaceous deposits in north-east China

The diagnoses of the conchostracan genera Cratostracus and Porostracus are revised following a re-examination of their type species under a scanning electron microscope. In Cratostracus each growth line has a serrated lower margin. Radial lirae branch into smaller ridges that merge with each other to give the upper part of each growth band in the ventral region of the carapace a slightly undulating surface. Cross-bars are present between these lirae. In Porostracus the radial lirae on the growth bands near the umbo are long and relatively widely spaced. There is a fine reticulum between them in the umbonal part of the carapace and cross-bars on the ventral surface. The ornament of Porostracus indicates that it can be assigned to the family Halysestheriidae rather than to the Afrograptidae, in which it has been placed previously. Morphological analysis of most of the species of the two genera and closely related Orthestheria (Migransia) under the scanning electron microscope is required before their stratigraphic potential can be fully realized.     

黑龙江依兰地区蓝片岩的变质演化P-T-t轨迹

黑龙江省依兰地区出露了一套经高压变质形成的蓝片岩、云母片岩、长英质糜棱岩和少量超基性岩及大理岩并经历了强变形作用改造,一直被认为是佳木斯地块与其西侧松嫩地块碰撞拼贴所形成的缝合带产物。本次研究,通过岩相学与矿物化学分析,根据矿物组合的不同,识别出研究区内三种不同类型的蓝片岩;并获得了绿帘蓝闪石片岩(T=350~550℃,P=10~14kbar)、蓝闪霓辉石片岩(T=350~550℃,P=10~14kbar)和石榴石冻蓝闪石片岩(T=500~540℃,P=10~12kbar)的峰期变质温压条件。结合前人发表的地质年代学数据,建立了变质演化P-T-t轨迹。其中,绿帘蓝闪石片岩具"发卡式"变质演化P-T-t轨迹;而蓝闪霓辉石片岩与石榴石冻蓝闪石片岩具顺时针的演化轨迹。我们推测其成因可能为不同类型的蓝片岩形成于不同的俯冲阶段,由动力学机制的变化所造成。该研究成果为进一步探索佳木斯地块与松嫩地块碰撞拼贴的构造演化过程提供重要的依据。     

1982~2022年《矿床地质》载文分析与趋势展望

《矿床地质》是中国报道矿产资源最新研究成果的代表性刊物,同时也是汇集矿床学领域重要研究进展及成果的学术交流平台,对其载文热点追踪及期刊量化评价有助于梳理国内矿床学领域的研究进展,探究未来发展趋势,并为学科相关研究人员提供借鉴和参考。文章基于文献计量学研究、借助大数据和机器学习等手段,分析了1982~2022年《矿床地质》刊载论文的内容与信息,揭示矿床学40年的研究热点及主题演化情况,并通过与国际同领域知名期刊的对比,系统性地总结和讨论其展现的研究领域的进展和发展趋势。该刊主要聚焦于地球科学领域,热点关键词主要包括：流体包裹体、成矿作用、矿床成因、成矿流体和地质特征等。历年刊文可归纳为5个研究主题,包括区域成矿规律、成矿背景与构造环境、成矿流体和矿化特征、成岩成矿年龄和岩浆热液成矿作用以及元素富集成矿。热门地区主要是内蒙古、新疆和西藏等中西部省区。未来矿床学研究将会更加注重新技术和新方法的宏观和微观应用、多学科交叉融合对矿床成因机制和成矿规律的揭示,以及矿产勘查的综合指导等方面。     

昆明二村下奥陶统红石崖组顶部Cruziana rugosa遗迹化石群落的沉积环境和生态特征

Cruziana及其相关的遗迹化石是由底栖三叶虫在沉积物表面停歇、爬行所留下的遗迹,一般认为产于潮下带至浅海陆棚环境,具有古水深指示意义。然而,本文通过对昆明民富二村下奥陶统红石崖组顶部含Cruziana rugosa遗迹化石群落层位的沉积环境分析却发现,Cruziana rugosa遗迹化石群落的沉积环境为潮上带—潮间带,说明三叶虫可以在短暂暴露环境中活动。三叶虫的这种适应性活动可能为节肢动物从海洋走向陆地做好了进化准备。