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针对当前瞬变电磁法探测能力有限的问题,利用一次磁场理论公式,分析相同磁矩下、不同发射线圈一次磁场分布及衰减规律,从而确定其信号深度影响范围;对水平层状介质相同磁矩下、不同发射线圈的二次场进行数值模拟,采用Guptasarma和Singh滤波算法及余弦变换法,利用均匀半空间解析公式进行验证,并对不同正演模型结果进行分析,总结发射磁矩决定探测深度大小。对磁矩相同条件下产生的结果数据进行拟合,得出有效探测深度与线圈边长2倍相当的结论,可为野外矿井生产与工程勘探提供施工布置与定量解释的指导依据,从而提高野外工作效率。 相似文献
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海洋电磁理论是建立在水平发射偶极的基础上.然而,由于海底洋流作用海洋可控源发射偶极可能产生水平摆动、倾斜和水平旋转,造成测量数据与理想状态的水平电偶极子的电磁响应有较大的偏差.为了研究发射源姿态变化对场的影响,本文提出利用欧拉旋转将发射偶极由源坐标系转换到地球坐标系,进而分析发射源姿态变化造成海洋电磁观测数据的误差分布特征.研究发现,对于发射源水平摆动和倾斜造成的海洋电磁观测数据的畸变,其分布规律取决于接收机所在区域.以发射频率1 Hz为例,对于由发射源水平摆动或倾斜导致的地球坐标系中的两个等效电偶极子分量产生的水平电场Ex,在旁线区域,二者的相位差约为360°,接收机接收到的电场信号约为两个偶极子场之和;而在同线区域,二者的相位差接近于180°,接收机接收到的信号为两者之差.在两个区域的交界处,发射源姿态对电磁信号影响最大.相比之下,发射源水平摆动只改变发射源的位置,不会改变源的性质,其影响主要发生在收发距较小的区域.本文的研究成果有助于海洋电磁系统设计时确定发射源姿态变化的参数指标,同时也为未来实际海洋电磁观测时分析和校正发射源姿态变化造成的观测数据误差提供理论基础. 相似文献
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海洋可控源电磁法发射源姿态影响研究 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
海洋电磁理论是建立在水平发射偶极的基础上.然而,由于海底洋流作用海洋可控源发射偶极可能产生水平摆动、倾斜和水平旋转,造成测量数据与理想状态的水平电偶极子的电磁响应有较大的偏差.为了研究发射源姿态变化对场的影响,本文提出利用欧拉旋转将发射偶极由源坐标系转换到地球坐标系,进而分析发射源姿态变化造成海洋电磁观测数据的误差分布特征.研究发现,对于发射源水平摆动和倾斜造成的海洋电磁观测数据的畸变,其分布规律取决于接收机所在区域.以发射频率1 Hz为例,对于由发射源水平摆动或倾斜导致的地球坐标系中的两个等效电偶极子分量产生的水平电场Ex,在旁线区域,二者的相位差约为360°,接收机接收到的电场信号约为两个偶极子场之和;而在同线区域,二者的相位差接近于180°,接收机接收到的信号为两者之差.在两个区域的交界处,发射源姿态对电磁信号影响最大.相比之下,发射源水平摆动只改变发射源的位置,不会改变源的性质,其影响主要发生在收发距较小的区域.本文的研究成果有助于海洋电磁系统设计时确定发射源姿态变化的参数指标,同时也为未来实际海洋电磁观测时分析和校正发射源姿态变化造成的观测数据误差提供理论基础. 相似文献
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地-井瞬变电磁响应特征数值模拟分析 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
井中瞬变电磁法(Bore-hole transient electromagnetic method-BHTEM)是指接收线圈在钻井中观测瞬变场响应用以勘查深部矿产资源的勘探方法,其中以地-井(地面激发井中接收)组合方式研究最多、应用最广.本文应用时域有限差分法(FDTD),建立包含薄板导体的均匀半空间二维数学模型,采用线源为激发源,选用Mur吸收边界条件,对矩形回线源在半空间中产生的瞬变电磁场进行数值模拟,计算了低阻板状导体在均质半空间和有低阻覆盖层影响情况下的地-井瞬变电磁异常响应,并对响应的特征及规律进行研究分析,为研究地-井TEM提供参考. 相似文献
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随着瞬变电磁法的快速发展,三维任意各向异性介质的数值模拟成为研究热点.本文从时间域的麦克斯韦方程组出发,采用时域交错采样有限差分法,推导了时域电磁场的时间分步迭代公式,实现了任意各向异性介质的航空瞬变电磁三维正演.设计地电模型,与已有的软件计算结果进行对比,检验了三维正演算法的计算精度.设计了典型的三维各向异性地电模型,改变各向异性参数计算了航空瞬变电磁响应,分析了各向异性参数对航空瞬变电磁响应的影响.开发的正演算法为研究瞬变电磁法各向异性响应特征和三维反演提供了重要技术支撑. 相似文献
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瞬变电磁法中最常用矩形或圆形回线,但有时由于地形限制,只能使用不规则回线发射和接收.如果仍用现有的常规回线理论进行处理解释,得到的结果会存在很大的偏差.本文首先进行了不规则回线瞬变电磁法一维正演理论研究,基于电偶极子源的频率域响应公式,通过沿回线积分和时频转换,推导出不规则回线源在水平层状介质中的时间域响应公式.采用欧拉算法、高斯积分和快速汉克尔变换,计算不规则回线内任意一点处的磁场响应.利用改进的二分搜索法计算全区视电阻率,并在此基础上利用烟圈法反演电阻率和深度.通过四个典型地电模型的正反演计算,表明烟圈法反演能够有效反映地电模型的大致形态,可以用于不规则回线瞬变电磁数据的快速反演解释. 相似文献
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文中采用实验方法对瞬变电磁法多匝重叠小回线装置发射磁矩、关断时间、感应信号强度随发射线圈匝数及接收线圈匝数的变化分别进行了研究。对固定发射线圈匝数改变接收线圈匝数与固定接收线圈匝数改变发射线圈匝数这2种实验方式进行了对比,从而找出了更适合地质响应的发射与接收线圈的匝数。同时还分别采用线圈边长为0.5m×0.5m与1m×1m的线框进行了对比实验,通过分析发射磁矩、关断时间、感应信号强度随线圈边长、线圈匝数的变化,找到合理的重叠小回线装置。实验结果表明发射磁矩随线圈的边长与发射线圈匝数的增加而增加;关断时间随发射线圈匝数近乎呈正比增加,与接收线圈无关;感应信号强度与线圈匝数呈正比关系,但是相比之下,接收线圈匝数更占主导地位。 相似文献
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海底油气藏地质模型的冲激响应 总被引:2,自引:5,他引:2
海洋可控源电磁法(mCSEM)的时间域冲激响应特征可以反映海底油气高阻薄层.本文计算了水平电偶极子源均匀大地半空间,海洋均匀双半空间和海洋四层模型的阶跃响应和冲激响应,提出了瞬变冲激时刻的概念.分析了水平电偶源瞬变冲激时刻与介质电导率的指示关系.对于海底油气高阻薄层宜采用多偏移距同时测量方式,由于在低电导率介质中电磁能量传播得要快,在适当的收发距瞬变冲激时刻会提前到达,提出的瞬变冲激时刻道间变化量可以明确指示高阻薄层的存在及埋深.文中还分析了海水深度对瞬变冲激时刻的影响.由于\"天波\"干扰,瞬变冲激响应受到一定收发距观测的限制.消除\"天波\"影响是时间域和频率域mCSEM数据处理的研究热点. 相似文献
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A two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) is presented for transient shallow water flows. The model is based on the shallow water equations coupled with the large eddy simulation model. In order to obtain accurate results efficiently, a multi-block lattice scheme is applied at the area where a local finer grid is needed for strong change in physical variables. The model is verified by applying to five cases with transient processes: (a) a tidal wave over steps; (b) a perturbation over a submerged hump; (c) partial dam break flow; (d) circular dam break flow; (e) interaction between a dam break surge and four square cylinders. The objectives of this study are to validate the two-dimensional LBM in transient flow simulation and provide the detailed transient processes in shallow water flows. 相似文献
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Here we develop mathematical results to describe the location of linear instability of a parallel mean flow within the framework of the shallow water equations; growth estimates of near neutral modes (for disturbances subcritical with respect to gravity wave speed) in the cases of non-rotating and rotating shallow water. The bottom topography is taken to be one-dimensional and the isobaths are parallel to the mean flow. In the case of a rotating fluid, the isobaths and the mean flow are assumed to be zonal. The flow is front-like: there is a monotonic increase of mean flow velocity. Our results show that for barotropic flows the location of instabilities will be a semi-ellipse region in the complex wave velocity plane, that is based on the wave-number, Froude number, and depth of the fluid layer. We also explore the instability region for the case of spatially unbounded mean velocity profiles for non-rotating shallow water. 相似文献
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同态反褶积技术可把时间域中褶积组合的信号转换成倒频(quefrency)域中的求和信号,因而在信号分离方面得到了广泛的运用。笔者利用该方法消除地震记录中的浅层效应。文中对该方法经常遇到的三个问题,即相位模糊问题,信号的有限带宽问题及混合相位问题进行了讨论。这些问题可分别通过“自适应数值积分法”,频率变换及信号指数加权得到解决。 相似文献
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The echo-amplitude of a 23-m-deep bottom-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) shows regular spikes up to 30 dB above background level when a ship passes nearby, due to deep penetration of bubble clouds. This is evidenced from regularly occurring spikes in echo-data that are simultaneous with ferry crossings in a narrow sea-strait. The bubbles can nearly reach the bottom and are comparable in magnitude to near-bottom scattering off suspended material in vigorous tidal currents exceeding 1 m s−1 in magnitude. The bubble clouds mask the sea surface from the echo-amplitude, which hampers the use of an ADCP for estimating atmospheric parameters and near-surface currents, under such conditions. The echo-spikes associated with the ferry are confirmed with coinciding dips in bottom pressure up to 1200 N m−2 and with deviations up to 10° in the ADCP's heading due to pressure waves and magnetic field disturbances from under the ferry and from its rear, respectively. 相似文献
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瞬变电磁法在浅海工程勘探等领域受到了越来越多的关注.目前浅海瞬变电磁仍处于应用初期,相关研究少且未有成熟装备问世,有必要研究其探测能力并为观测系统选取最佳观测参数.本文以几种典型发射波形为例,采用褶积算法细致分析了不同发射波形条件下浅海瞬变电磁on-/off-time响应受海底介质电导率、磁导率及发射波形脉宽等参数的影响特征与规律;通过三维正演并设定极限探测深度阈值,进一步分析不同发射波形on-/off-time期间浅海瞬变电磁探测能力及对典型三维目标体的极限探测深度.基于本文研究成果,可为浅海瞬变电磁探测装置设计、观测系统的参数选取及试验参数的选取等提供了一些有价值的理论借鉴.
相似文献18.
《Limnologica》2017
Metacommunity research usually focuses on the structure of species assemblages and their influencing factors, chiefly environment and space. However, the temporal dynamics of metacommunities and their structuring processes are rarely investigated. Here, we analyze the temporal variations in a metacommunity of ostracods from temporary shallow lakes of the Iberian Peninsula. Our aims were to determine the variability of the ostracod assemblages throughout a hydrological cycle by means of partial triadic analysis (PTA), and to analyze the response of these communities to both environmental and spatial variables. The metacommunity was moderately stable through the study period, with larger variability between sites than between months. However, the metacommunity structure at the beginning of the hydroperiod was notably different from the rest of months. Species sorting was the predominant mechanism structuring the metacommunity through monthly samples, establishing a conspicuous separation between species that inhabit saline lakes and those preferring freshwater bodies. Spatial processes were negligible. Our results show the strength of a temporal approach in the study of metacommunities, against a single snapshot, stressing differences at the onset and the end of hydroperiod in temporary water bodies, but still surpassed by species sorting effects under a steep environmental gradient. 相似文献
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Wilhelm BECHTELER Davood FARSHI Institute of Hydroscience Federal Armed Forces University Munich Neubiberg Germany 《国际泥沙研究》2001,16(2)
1 INTRODUCTIONFor many hydraulic engineering problems, the analysis of flow and bed level variations in openchannels is a fundamental prerequisite. forcal methOds fOr alluvial rivers are well develoPednowadays as far as onediInensional descriPtions are concemed. A cOmPrhensive analysis of Ihe wellknown models is Presented by Habersack(l998). HOwever, for a number of Problems such as channelwidening, flow pattem close to sPuds and etc. a more deailed knowledge of the bed level behavio… 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, due to the increase in population and industrial developments, mankind has faced manyproblems associated with rivers, coastal waters and reservoirs. Some of these problems are flood control,water supply, power generation, and irrigation. In addition, making new hydraulic structures changesnatural conditions. Prediction of these changes is necessary for designing such constructions. For solutionof these problems usually an assessment of flow pattern, sedim… 相似文献