“一带一路”国家贸易关系结构与演进（英文）

Trade facilitation is one of the five main agendas of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Social network analysis has helped understand the complexity of trade networks, but existing studies tend to overlook the fact that not all bilateral trade relations are equally important to a country. To fill this gap in the literature, this paper focuses on the top 2 trade relations networks to illuminate the structure and evolution of BR trade relations, the relative positions of different countries, and changes in the composition of trade communities(e.g., the community leaders) and the changing patterns of trade between them. We find rich dynamics over time both inter-and intra-communities. The overall international trade networks of BR countries experienced a leadership change from Russia to China on one hand, some temporary communities experienced emergence, disappearance(e.g. the Kuwait-and Thailand-led communities) or reemergence(e.g. Poland-led community), and a community membership was generally consistent on the other hand. Since the future impacts of China's BRI will depend on the degree of integration of the connected regions, some countries with stable and high centrality indices(e.g. Russia, Singapore, Serbia, Greece, Turkey, Iran, Poland, Hungary and Romania) could be selected by China as strategic regional partners, and countries with a strategically important geographical position but weak trade links(e.g. Myanmar, Pakistan, and Belarus) should be prioritized.     

“一带一路”地区的生态承载力与绿色发展（英文）

20世纪70年代以来,全球性资源危机、环境污染和生态退化问题凸显,增长的极限始终是一个重要的理论与政策问题。承载力评价、预警与调控在自然资源利用、环境管理和生态保护中都有巨大的应用潜力。本文梳理了承载力演变历程及生态承载力的概念,将已有生态承载力评价方法归纳为生态足迹法、综合指标体系法、生态系统服务法、净初级生产力人类占用分析法等4类。分析了当前生态承载力研究中问题,并展望了未来发展趋势。结合"一带一路"地区的生态承载力与绿色发展专辑,从生态承载力评价方法与应用、生态系统服务供给与消费、资源利用与环境变化等方面对"一带一路"地区的生态承载力研究进展做了介绍。建议"一带一路"地区生态承载力研究应深入刻画生态承载力的时空异质性及动态变化,模拟生态过程与人类活动的相互作用,将气候变化、人类活动及生态产品与服务流等因素纳入生态承载力评价体系与模型中,提高评价结果的精度和可靠性,提升生态承载力研究对相关决策的支撑能力。     

基于虚拟水理论的“一带一路”沿线国家水资源承载力分析（英文）

"一带一路"沿线国家大多面临水资源短缺情况,水资源能否支撑其经济社会发展关系到"一带一路"倡议的顺利实施。本文构建水资源承载力评价指标体系,对各评价指标进行分级和权重分配,并对沿线65个国家的水资源承载指标进行了计算,同时结合虚拟水理论,分析中国重点大宗类农产品国际贸易的净进口虚拟水含量。对沿线一半以上的国家来说,他们的水资源将无法支撑他们的经济发展,而经济发展是实现该倡议目标所必需的。中国作为水资源承载力不足的国家,在虚拟水贸易中属于虚拟水净进口国家,虚拟水贸易有利于中国提高水资源支撑能力,对未来保障中国水资源安全、食物安全都有积极意义。     

“一带一路”建设模式研究——基于制度与文化视角（英文）

There is a gap between the great vision and high-quality targets of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) and Western recognition of them, which challenges Chinese and Western scholars. This gap should be narrowed by conducting in-depth case studies and comparative studies at the project level. In recent years, the international academic community has paid increasing attention to Chinese outward foreign direct investment(FDI), but Belt and Road construction is much broader in scope, comprising not only FDI projects but also China-financed projects and emerging mixed projects. Our investigation, observation, and examination of the BRI projects find that compared to their Western counterparts, Chinese enterprises have less experience in doing business in other countries and often pay less attention to institutional and cultural differences between China and the host countries. Thus, revisiting the institutional and cultural turn in economic geography and employing its ideas to analyze the BRI projects and summarize their construction modes may contribute to the development of both economic geography and the BRI. This paper first briefly reviews the background and research trends of the institutional and cultural turn and then summarizes three major modes of Belt and Road construction, namely, EPC(Engineering Procurement Construction)-based projects, concession-based projects, and FDI; finally, it draws on the institutional and cultural turn to classify the BRI projects according to the two indicators of "Breadth and Depth of Territorial Embeddedness" and "Destructive Effect of a Project and/or Technology" into four types: transformative, supportive, ordinary projects and overseas industrial cooperation parks. Different institutional and cultural sensitivity can be observed for each type of project. The preliminary theorization proposed in this paper may offer a potential framework for further research on the BRI.     

“一带一路”沿线地区关键生物多样性区域生态变化特征（英文）

KBA (Key Biodiversity Areas)是由IUCN提出并被国际社会认可的生态保护优先区域,评估其生态变化特征对生物多样性保护与自然保护地建设至关重要。“一带一路”沿线地区生态系统类型丰富,生物多样性保护价值极高,而沿线KBA更应该成为生态保护的核心目标。本文利用土地覆盖、归一化植被指数（NDVI）和夜间灯光数据（NTL）,从植被覆盖度和人类活动方面分别对沿线KBA的生态状况及其时空变化特征进行分析,得到以下结论：（1）KBA内的土地覆盖长期保持稳定,林地、荒野和草地是主要的土地覆盖类型;（2）KBA内NDVI总体上呈现增加的趋势,表明植被覆盖度在不断提高,少数植被退化的KBA主要分布在中南半岛、青藏高原以及西亚地区;（3）KBA内NTL总体上处于很低的水平,表明人类活动对自然生态系统的干扰程度十分有限,极少数分布于中东欧、印度、中南半岛以及地中海附近国家的KBA具有较强的人类活动且呈现出增加的趋势。本研究结果强调在KBA生态保护中充分利用生物群落演替规律,同时限制人类活动对自然生态系统的干扰,以推动沿线地区生物多样性保护与自然保护地建设。     

“一带一路”贸易网络及其与全球贸易网络的拓扑关系分析（英文）

Unimpeded trade is one of the cooperation priorities in the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by China. On 15 May 2017, the Joint Communique of the Leaders Roundtable of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation reaffirmed the participants' shared commitment to build an open economy and ensure free and inclusive trade. The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) is not only China's new action to drive its open and global development, but also a platform for an increasing number of countries to explore free and inclusive trade and promote a universal, rule-based, open, non-discriminatory, and equitable multilateral trade system. It is therefore important to examine the topological relationship between the BRI and global trade networks. More specifically, this article first analyzes the community structure of trade networks using a community detection algorithm, and then estimates the topological relationship between different trade communities. The findings of this article are as follows. First, this research identified three trade communities and two sub-communities in the BRI trade network, in which China is the core, Russia is the sub-core of the biggest trade community, and India, United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia are cores of the second trade community(South Asia-West Asia). Second, it identified five trade communities in the global trade network, centred on China, USA, Russia, India-United Arab Emirates, and Germany-Netherlands-France-Britain and other European developed countries. Third, the topological analysis indicated that in the global trade network, most BRI countries are attracted by the core nodes of the BRI regions, such as the China, Russia and India-United Arab Emirates core nodes, and have strong trade contacts with BRI countries. Most Central-East European countries are mainly attracted by Germany-Netherlands-France-Britain and other developed European countries with a low penetration of BRI trade. Although some Southeast Asian countries are incorporated into the Asia-Australia-South Africa community with China as the core, they still need to strengthen trade linkages with BRI countries.     

中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易的商品格局

经贸合作是"一带一路"建设的重点内容之一。研究中国与"一带一路"沿线国家的经贸合作演变特点及格局,对于促进沿线各国经济繁荣与区域经济合作,实现"贸易畅通"具有重要意义。本文在文献回顾的基础上,基于大量的数据分析,梳理了2001年以来中国与沿线国家贸易的商品结构演化历程,并采用显性比较优势指数、敏感性行业度量及k值聚类算法等,对中国与沿线国家贸易商品结构及格局进行了深入分析。研究结果显示:1中国对沿线国家的出口商品结构有所优化,进口商品结构日趋集中,能源及劳动密集型产品比重上升;2中国与沿线国家贸易的商品结构与各国出口优势行业基本一致;3中国与经济规模相对较小且产业结构较为单一的国家存在一些敏感性行业,出口方面涉及服装鞋帽、矿物制品及交通运输设备等,进口主要涉及能源、矿砂及一些资源初级加工品;4由于国内各省发展差距明显,中国出口商品的空间连续性较差。     

中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易及其影响因素

利用拓展贸易引力模型,借助Eviews等工具分析了影响中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易规模的因素,以及中国对外直接投资的滞后性对双边贸易的影响。结果表明：1）中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易规模受到经济发展水平、市场规模、政治制度、贸易畅通性、便利性、中国对外直接投资、民间文化交流紧密度的影响;2）中国对外直接投资对于带动中国与“一带一路”沿线国家间的贸易规模具有正向作用,但其效应具有一定滞后性;3）中国对外直接投资对于带动中国与不同“一带一路”沿线国家贸易规模的引力大小不同,可分为投资带动力巨大型、投资带动型、投资一般型、投资带动力不足型4种类型,中国与东南亚、西亚和撒哈拉以南的非洲国家贸易规模受中国对外直接投资带动作用较强。     

“一带一路”沿线国家石油产品贸易网络演化分析

能源合作是共建“一带一路”的重点领域。开展“一带一路”沿线国家石油产品贸易网络演化研究有助于加强沿线国家在石油产品贸易上的合作。以石油产品为研究对象,运用复杂网络分析21世纪以来“一带一路”沿线国家石油产品贸易网络的动态演化,并揭示其与原油贸易网络的异同。研究发现：（1）石油产品贸易网络是“核心-边缘”式的小世界网络,呈现规模扩大、紧密性提升、结构日趋复杂的特征,且这些特征比原油贸易网络更显著（;2）石油产品贸易空间不均衡性显著,呈现出新加坡、俄罗斯、沙特阿拉伯等枢纽节点辐射,新加坡、中国、马来西亚等枢纽节点辐合为主的空间形态,枢纽节点地位日益强化（;3）石油产品贸易网络社团逐步聚拢,演化成以俄罗斯、新加坡和中东国家为核心的三大稳定社团,中国逐步“脱俄入新”。最后,根据研究结论提出了相应的政策建议和启示。     

“一带一路”地区生态承载力评估系统设计与实现

生态承载力评估需要多源海量数据支撑,耗费大量时间成本与人力成本。该文以"一带一路"地区为例,以冗余存储、按需计算、多尺度表达为主要手段,提出了栅格数据区块存储与分析方法,并开发了生态承载力评估系统架构,实现了多种数据的存储、分析和表达,解决了大范围生态承载力评估中低效率、高成本等问题。栅格数据区块存储与分析方法可有效提高生态承载力评估效率,并在用户所需尺度上快速展现生态承载力评估结果,且该方法中算法的空间复杂度对运算速度影响较大,而时间复杂度对运算速度影响较小;预警推送和自动化报表功能可快速生成生态承载力状态及其变化结果,从而提高生态承载力评估的实时性、高效性和便捷性。     

基于可持续发展目标（SDGs）的“一带一路”农业可持续性分析（英文）

"一带一路"国家需要在顶层谋划方面做出努力,方能确保农业的可持续发展。而这需要对"一带一路"沿线国家农业可持续性有一个准确的评判。本文在"一带一路"可持续农业概念认识与可持续发展目标(SDGs)中农业目标解读的基础上,借助统计回归分析、趋势预测等方法,预测了2030年"一带一路"沿线国家经济增长和城镇化等社会经济发展的趋势,以及这些发展趋势相应地对农业资源环境的冲击。结果表明,"一带一路"沿线国家农业资源环境前景不容乐观,且难以支撑起该地区未来对粮食安全需求的保障,只有采用积极应对政策和措施,并在战略上进行规划和布局,才能确保该地区2030年粮食安全这一农业可持续发展目标的实现。为此,"一带一路"沿线国家需要从构建农业合作平台、设立专项基金,以及创新农业合作模式等三个方面进行战略合作,推动"一带一路"沿线国家的农业实现可持续发展。     

中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易格局及其经济贡献

"五通"(即政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通)是"一带一路"对外合作战略的重点。中国各省(市、区)对"一带一路"沿线国家的出口,是"贸易畅通、资金融通"等的主要内容。本文根据最新的国际贸易中心统计数据、2014年中国海关统计数据以及2010年30省区市区域间投入产出表,分析了中国与"一带一路"沿线国家的贸易相互依赖关系以及中国各省(市、区)出口对其经济增长的贡献。结果表明,中国与"一带一路"沿线国家间的贸易依赖程度加深,同时呈现出不对称性;进一步从省(市、区)域层面来看,沿海省份对"一带一路"沿线国家的出口对其GDP增长的贡献较高,新疆对中亚5国的贸易对其GDP增长的贡献非常高,对中亚5国的出口有着很强的依赖性。     

“一带一路”生态系统服务消耗格局与演变（英文）

生态系统服务消耗研究对于生态系统保护与可持续发展具有重要意义,已成为生态学研究的热点。本研究基于FAOSTAT数据,以生物量消耗为主要指标,动态研究"一带一路"沿线全域及分区生态消耗格局、构成及其演变规律,揭示该区域生态消耗模式主要类型、分布格局与演变态势。得出以下结论:(1)全域生态消耗主要来自农田消耗,其次为草地消耗;生态消耗整体呈波动增加,消耗总量从2000年的12911.89Tg增加到2016年的16810.00Tg,年人均消耗量从2000年的332.28万g增加到2016年的363.92万g。(2)生态消耗及其变化在国家间、分区间及生态系统类型间差异显著,人均生态消耗以蒙古国最高,分区尺度以中东欧最高,东南亚最低,这是区域资源禀赋、生态消耗模式及生活水平等共同作用的结果。(3)农田消耗为主是该区域主导生态消耗模式,约占总面积的76.71%,其次为农草消耗,约占总面积的19.0%,仅少数国家为草地消耗为主、森林消耗为主或农林草消耗并重,这可能与该区域人口密度大且多为发展中国家有关。因此该区域在依据自身资源优势发展农林牧产业时,应扩大贸易,互惠共赢,优化生态消耗模式,促进区域社会、经济与生态可持续发展。     

中国与“一带一路”沿线国家地缘关系时空演变特征

“一带一路”倡议的实施对促进沿线地区经济合作、互利共赢具有重要意义。基于全球事件GDELT数据库，分别从整体、多类别、多尺度等方面刻画了中国与“一带一路”沿线国家的地缘关系总体特征及其演变过程。主要结论如下：(1)整体来看，中国与“一带一路”沿线国家历经了“合作为主、分歧较多”“合作增多、分歧减少”“合作稳定、分歧进一步减少”三个阶段；(2)中国与“一带一路”沿线国家地缘关系事件呈现出“言语促进事件为主且集中，地缘分割事件多国频发”的特点；(3)国家尺度上的地缘分割事件呈现出先减弱、后增加的趋势，且近年来中国与周边邻国的地缘促进指数呈下降趋势。分析中国与“一带一路”沿线国家地缘关系的时空演变特征，可为我国与“一带一路”沿线国家实现新型合作共赢国家关系提供参考。     

“一带一路”沿线区域耕地格局变化（英文）

The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)–a development strategy proposed by China – provides unprecedented opportunities for multi-dimensional communication and cooperation across Asia,Africa and Europe.In this study,we analyse the spatio-temporal changes in cultivated land in the BRI countries(64 in total) to better understand the land use status of China along with its periphery for targeting specific collaboration.We apply FAO statistics and Globe Land30(the world's finest land cover data at a 30-m resolution),and develop three indicator groups(namely quantity,conversion,and utilization degree) for the analysis.The results show that cultivated land area in the BRI region increased 3.73×10~4 km~2 between 2000 and 2010.The increased cultivated land was mainly found in Central and Eastern Europe and Southeast Asia,while the decreased cultivated land was mostly concentrated in China.Russia ranks first with an increase of 1.59×10~4 km~2 cultivated land area,followed by Hungary(0.66×10~4 km~2) and India(0.57×10~4 km`2).China decreased 1.95×10~4 km~2 cultivated land area,followed by Bangladesh(–0.22×10~4 km~2) and Thailand(–0.22×10~4 km~2).Cultivated land was mainly transferred to/from forest,grassland,artificial surfaces and bare land,and transfer types in different regions have different characteristics:while large amount of cultivated land in China was converted to artificial surfaces,considerable forest was converted to cultivated land in Southeast Asia.The increase of multi-cropping index dominated the region except the Central and Eastern Europe,while the increase of fragmentation index was prevailing in the region except for a few South Asian countries.Our results indicate that the negative consequence of cultivated land loss in China might be underestimated by the domestic-focused studies,as none of its close neighbours experienced such obvious cultivated land losses.Nevertheless,the increased cultivated land area in Southeast Asia and the extensive cultivated land use in Ukraine and Russia imply that the regional food production would be greatly improved if China' "Go Out policy" would help those countries to intensify their cultivated land use.     

2001~2013年中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络分析

采用社会网络的分析方法分析了“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络的基本特征以及贸易网络组团的结构变化,贸易网络的核心边缘及其演化情况,并在最后对中国与东南亚国家的子贸易网络进行了核心边缘分析。结果表明：“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络密度增强,中国在“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络中的核心度在逐渐提高,在2013年已经成为最核心的国家,且在中国与东南亚国家构成的子贸易网络中,中国也成为了最核心的国家。     

“一带一路”陆域地理格局与环境变化风险（英文）

Building the Belt and Road is initiatives of China to promote win-win international cooperation in the new era, aiming at green, health, intellect and peace and the joint development with people of the countries along the route. Systematic analysis on environmental characteristics, evolutionary tendency and future risks are certainly the scientific fundamentals of sustainable development for the Belt and Road construction. Applied remote sensing monitoring, statistical analysis, this paper investigates the regional characteristics of climate, topography, soil, hydrology, vegetation cover and terrestrial ecosystems production, as well as socio-economic conditions. Based on the regional characteristics, the Belt and Road is divided into 9 sub-regions: Central and Eastern Europe sub-region with cold and humid climate, Mongolia and Russia sub-region with cold and arid climate, Central and West Asia arid sub-region, Southeast Asia sub-region with warm and humid climate, Pakistan arid sub-region, Bangladesh-India-Myanmar sub-region with warm and humid climate, Eastern China monsoon sub-region, Northwest China arid sub-region and Tibetan Plateau sub-region. Combining modeling simulation with scenario projections, natural disaster assessment methodology is used to assess the risk of extreme events including heat waves, droughts and floods in the coming 30 years(2021–2050). Results show that, on the basis of the regional framework, the western Eurasia would be a warming trend; both sides of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in high temperature and heat waves risk; Central and Eastern Europe sub-region with cold and humid climate in high drought risk; Bangladesh-India-Myanmar sub-region with warm and humid climate as well as Eastern China in high risk of flooding.     

“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络空间结构与邻近性

“一带一路”倡议致力于构建全方位、多层次、复合型的互联互通网络,沿线国家之间相互贸易形成的网络有利于加速经济要素跨区域的自由流动,进一步提升“一带一路”区域经济资源的整合效率,对重塑欧亚大陆政经版图和优化中国地缘环境具有重大影响。采用复杂网络和地统计方法,借助GIS、Pajek、Ucinet和数据库等技术手段,对“一带一路”贸易网络的拓扑性质、空间结构以及节点的邻近性深入研究。主要结论有：① “一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络具有小世界和无标度性质,遵循增长性和择优选择;② 沿线国家贸易具有典型的“核心—边缘”等级性,中国对沿线国家产业升级和经济发展具有引领和带动作用;③ 贸易网络是“混合型”结构,呈现枢纽辐射式为主、全连通式并存的联系模式,不同中心性空间分布差异显著;④ 拓展引力模型对“一带一路”沿线国家贸易网络具有较强的解释力,贸易关系存在大国效应和地理邻近效应,科研邻近和语言邻近是重要的推动力,制度邻近的影响呈显著负相关,文化邻近的正向作用相对较弱。因此,中国宜遵循“由近及远”的原则,重点强化对邻近国家的贸易渗透,再加强对沿线重点国家的贸易辐射,进而向重点国家的周边地区拓展,从不同空间层次制定差异化政策,发挥科研和语言邻近的推动作用,强化对沿线国家的文化渗透。     

“一带一路”沿线地区隐含碳流动研究（英文）

In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter-country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-output(MRIO) analysis is used to identify embodied carbon flows between major world regions, including seven regions along the Belt and Road(BR), and the spatial distribution of production-and consumption-based carbon intensities. The results show that current embodied carbon flows are virtually all from BR regions to developed countries, with more than 95% of world net embodied carbon exports coming from BR regions. Consumption in the United States and European Union countries induce about 30% of the carbon emissions in most BR regions, indicating that the former bear a high proportion of consumers' responsibility for the carbon emitted in the latter. For this reason, measuring environmental responsibilities from consumption rather than a production-based perspective is more equitable, while developing countries should be given a louder voice in the construction through dialogue and cooperation, in part in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, of an inclusive global climate governance system.     

“一带一路”倡议提出以来中国国内外产业园区的比较与案例分析（英文）

With rapid globalization, industrial parks are playing an increasingly important role in the national and regional development. Since the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) was put forward, national-level overseas industrial parks of China have emerged with new development features and trends. It is of great importance to carry out a comparative study on domestic and overseas industrial parks of China. Based on the perspective of spatiotemporal evolution, this paper compares and analyzes national-level overseas industrial parks along the Belt and Road(BR) and domestic industrial parks of China. In time, China's industrial parks have experienced four stages with distinctive state-led characteristic. There are different development paths and modes for overseas industrial parks along the BR and domestic industrial parks. In space, the national-level overseas industrial parks are invested and constructed by Chinese enterprises(mostly from the coastal developed cities), and mainly distributed in the countries along the BR. Through typical cases comparison of Thai-Chinese Rayong Industrial Zone and Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area, the paper finds that national-level overseas industrial parks are basically market-driven and concentrated in traditional advantageous industries, while domestic industrial parks are mainly government-led high-tech industries. Localization of overseas industrial parks and remote coupling with domestic industrial parks become very important.