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激光粒度仪的广泛应用带来了与历史数据的对比问题,因此需要建立激光粒度仪与早期分析结果之间的关系。根据江苏海岸潮滩沉积物样品的激光粒度仪和移液管-筛析法分析,对粒度参数、粒度组分等进行了对比,对两种方法的差异进行了分析。结果表明,对于江苏潮滩沉积物粒度参数中平均粒径的激光粒度仪与移液管-筛析分析结果之间有良好的线性关系;筛分法测得的粗颗粒物质较激光法偏少,而移液管法法测得的细颗粒物质较激光法偏多;将样品分类之后再进行两种方法所获粒度参数的回归分析,相关性得以提高,说明不同粒度组成的沉积物对分析结果的对比有不同的影响。两种方法之间的换算关系不仅与研究区域有关,而且与沉积物本身的粒度组成有关。 相似文献
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沉积物粒度分析方法的比较 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
近年来激光粒度分析法在沉积物粒度分析方面的应用得到了进一步扩展。本文利用美国麦克奇公司生产的S3500型激光粒度分析仪开展沉积物粒度分析方法实验,研究表明:S3500型仪器较优的样品用量约为0.2 g;稀释过程会影响样品的粒度分布;样品分取方式会带来不同的随机误差。与薄片图像法和筛析法两种传统粒度分析方法获得的粒度分布参数比较表明:激光法测得的平均粒径较薄片图像法和筛析法偏细;激光法和筛析法的峰度相关性较好。采用Malvern 2000和Micro S3500两种激光粒度分析仪测量结果的比较表明:Malvern 2000测得的平均粒径较Micro S3500测得的平均粒径偏细,但二者的相关性很好(r=0.9574),研究认为这两种粒度仪的测试结果会给岩石粒度定名带来差异。由于各种粒度分析方法存在差异和局限性,在实际工作中粒度分析应尽可能建立在同一测量体系上,以便资料对比。 相似文献
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激光法粒度筛析校正研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
激光法和筛析法分析作为两种最常见的用于沉积地质粒度分析的方法,其间的数据转换校正是在数据对比、数据对接时经常遇到且无法回避的问题。为此设计了两个实验,实验一对比了窄粒度范围样品两种分析方法的分析结果,统计分析了筛析法比激光法偏大的幅度,并提出一个校正方法;实验二对不同磨圆程度的样品进行分析,研究了磨圆度与两种分析方法差异程度之间的相关关系,认为实验一提出的校正方法适合一般条件下的天然沉积物粒度分析校正。文章又以实例展示了所提出的校正方法的校正效果并讨论了激光粒度法存在的问题。激光粒度分析法用于天然沉积物粒度分析时,结果常见明显的光滑化、正态化、双峰合并现象,扭曲了真实的粒度分布。文章认为实际样品具体情况远远复杂于米氏理论的设定条件,样品条件参数并未全部带入计算过程,所以激光法粒度求解是不精确的。更好的数据校正方法有待于激光粒度仪的软件、硬件改进。激光法合理的用于天然沉积物粒度分析还有一些问题需要讨论。 相似文献
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激光粒度仪测试结果及其与沉降法、筛析法的比较 总被引:33,自引:5,他引:33
分析了Cilas 940L激光粒度仪的测试结果,并与沉降法、筛析法进行了比较。激光粒度仪测试结果的重复性较好,测量精度较高。对于玻璃珠样品,激光粒度仪和筛析法测试结果十分接近,对于天然沉积物,激光粒度仪测定的平均粒径偏粗,分选偏差。和沉降法相比,激光粒度仪测定的粘土组份 (<8%)的含量为沉降法的 46.7%~ 70.5 %,平均为 6 0 %,测定的平均粒径较沉降法偏粗,分选偏差。造成激光粒度仪与沉降法、筛析法之间差异的原因主要在于这些测试方法原理的不同和天然沉积物不规则的形状。 相似文献
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激光法与综合法(吸液管法-筛析法)均是测试沉积物粒度特征的常用方法,由于测试原理和流程的差异,这两种方法对同一样品分析所获得测试结果往往不尽一致。为探究两种方法的共同性、差异性和相关性,并建立适合曹妃甸海域激光法与综合法测试结果之间的转换关系,通过对曹妃甸海域49个沉积物样品分别进行激光法和综合法实验,对比结果表明: ①激光法与综合法所测砂粒含量大致相等,粉砂含量激光法所测结果高,黏土含量综合法所测结果较高; ②激光法和吸液管法测试结果误差主要在发生在10φ(φ=log2D,D为直径,φ为单位)阶段,吸液管法测将黏土含量显著升高,激光法与筛析法结果误差主要发生在粗端颗粒,激光法测得粗端颗粒含量普遍偏高; ③激光法与综合法粒度参数回归分析随着粒径减小相关性逐渐降低,粒度参数回归方程的斜率、截距与前人研究结果不具有统一性。研究建立的曹妃甸海域激光法与综合法数据转换模型分析表明,在粒度范围[-1,4]φ,激光法和综合法所获得数据结果可以进行相互转换; 明确了激光法与综合法测量沉积物粒度特征的差异。研究成果对使用激光法测量沉积物粒度特征和完善测试方法与流程有参考意义。 相似文献
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东亚大陆边缘近岸泥质物源研究对于认识地球表生过程、物质循环以及气候变化等问题十分关键,但目前对沿岸半封闭型海湾的物质来源研究还尚不深入。本研究以东亚大陆边缘浙闽泥质区罗源湾为研究区,通过对罗源湾表层沉积物粒度组成的分析发现,罗源湾表层沉积物粒度组成以粉砂为主,各粒度参数分区明显,湾内西北部近岸潮滩颗粒较细,湾内顶部、东部潮汐通道附近和东南部大部分区域颗粒较粗。粒度参数也表明罗源湾大部分区域沉积环境较稳定,湾内顶部、潮流通道与东部潮滩连接处水动力较强。对罗源湾与闽江、起步溪以及长江表层沉积物的稀土元素特征参数、配分模式进行对比发现,罗源湾表层沉积物δEu、UCC配分模式与闽江和起步溪相差甚远,而与长江表层沉积物更为接近。结合判别函数(DF)、微量元素比值判别图以及La/Yb-REE关系图解分析结果表明,罗源湾表层沉积物主要来自浙闽沿岸流携带的包括长江沉积物、长江口杭州湾沉积物在内的泥质沉积物,以及波浪和潮汐对周边基岩的剥蚀产生的碎屑物质。此外,罗源湾顶部入港溪流在洪水期产生的洪冲积物对湾的顶部也有一部分的物质贡献。
相似文献8.
图像法作为国际地科联唯一推荐的粒度分析方法,长期受制于样本量不足的问题。基于新型快速成像和处理技术的动态图像法可在短时间内为样品建立海量颗粒的粒度粒形数据库,为天然沉积物粒度特征的直观表达开辟了广阔前景。本文以金沙江巧家段右岸支沟冲积扇沉积物为研究对象,对4个沉积剖面20个样品进行动态图像粒度分析,建立样品颗粒图像数据库,计算颗粒6种粒径,包括等效投影圆面积径(等积径),弗雷德(Feret)径三种(最大、最小和均值)以及最小外接矩形径两种(最大和最小)等,并与激光(衍射/散射)法测试结果进行对比。结果表明:①图像法所获6种粒径的中值粒径和均值粒径均较激光法粗,分选性较激光法优。②消除量程差异后的对比结果表明,激光法所测均值粒径仅为真实均值粒径(图像法结果)的3/10~1/2左右(差值为0.68~1.78φ);这种偏离可能与天然沉积物的多矿物属性和不规则性有关。③两种测试方法所获结果均能反映相同的剖面沉积物粒度相对变化趋势,在传统的沉积环境判别准则下均能反映基本一致的动力条件和堆积环境。这些认识为图像法粒度分析技术的应用和推广提供了技术支撑和解释依据。 相似文献
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动态图像法应用于海滩沉积物粒度粒形测试及其与筛析法的比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
筛析法是海滩沉积物粒度分析较经典和常用的方法。随着科学技术的发展,利用动态图像法分析沉积物粒度逐渐得到推广。本文利用动态图形法和筛析法对海南岛5个海滩剖面20组沉积物样品进行粒度粒形测试,并将两种方法所测得的粒度进行比较。测试分析结果显示,该方法的测试结果重复性好,精度高;通过与筛析法的对比显示,动态图像法与筛析法的测试结果非常接近,粒度级配曲线基本一致,各个粒度参数值很接近且相关性非常好(R2>0.94);由动态图像法得出的粒形参数可以看出,粒径相当的不同海滩沉积物粒形参数有很大差别,同一海滩不同部位的球形度和宽长比变化很大,对称度和凹凸度变化稍小。研究表明,动态图像法与筛析法之间的粒度分析差异主要来自于两者测量原理的不同和天然海滩砂颗粒形状的不规则;动态图像法解决了不规则沉积物粒度的测量。因此,动态图像法可以替代筛析法来测量沉积物粒度,应用前景广阔。 相似文献
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南黄海NT2孔沉积物物源研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用等离子体质谱法(ICP—MS)对苏北岸外南黄海陆架区NT2孔72个沉积物样品的稀土元素(REE)进行了分析,研究了中更新世中、晚期以来苏北岸外南黄海陆架区沉积物物源的变化。相关分析揭示NT2孔粒度和化学风化对REE组成影响较小。判别函数和稀土元素配分模式表明南黄海NT2孔沉积物物源主要为长江源和黄河源。 REE判别图解揭示NT2孔上部0~5.50 m和5.50~19.30 m沉积物以长江源为主,中部19.30~27.00 m沉积物以黄河源为主,27.00~54.60 m沉积物以长江源为主,下部54.60~70.31 m沉积物以黄河源为主。研究表明黄河在中更新世中晚期已开始对南黄海陆架沉积作用有明显影响,而长江从晚更新世早期到现代对南黄海陆架起着主要作用。 相似文献
12.
Comparison of laser grain size analysis with pipette and sieve analysis: a solution for the underestimation of the clay fraction 总被引:54,自引:1,他引:54
Classically, the grain size of soil and sediment samples is determined by the sieve method for the coarse fractions and by the pipette method, based on the ‘Stokes’ sedimentation rates, for the fine fractions. Results from the two methods are compared with results from laser diffraction size analysis, which is based on the forward scattering of monochromatic coherent light. From a point of view of laboratory efficiency, the laser sizing technique is far superior. Accuracy and reproducibility are shown by measurements on certified materials. It appears that laser grain size measurements of certified materials correspond very well with the certificated measurements. Tests were also done on a set of randomly selected sediments of fluvial, aeolian and lacustrine origin. Except for the (<2 μm) clay fraction, there is a coarsening of the mean diameter of one to two size classes (0.25 ?), caused by the non-sphericity of the particles. The platy form of the clay particles induces considerable differences (eight size classes) between pipette and laser measurements: the <2 μm grain size, defined by the pipette method corresponds with a grain size of 8 μm defined by the Laser Particle Sizer for the studied sediments. Using a higher grain size level for the clay fraction, when laser analysis is applied, enables workers in the geological and environmental field to compare classical pipette analysis with a laser sizing technique. 相似文献
13.
Composite methodology for interpreting sediment transport pathways from spatial trends in grain size: A case study of the Lithuanian coast
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To achieve a more robust interpretation of sediment conditions and transport based on grain size, this study combines the perspectives of two different interpretation techniques that have been developed separately and applied in the literature: (i) ‘grain size trend analysis’ interprets changes between interrelated sampling sites assuming that sediment in the direction of transport should become either coarser, better sorted and more positively skewed, or finer, better sorted and more negatively skewed; and (ii) the ‘population anomalies’ method, which estimates the balance between erosion and accumulation processes at each sampling site based on individual site deviations compared with average values for grain‐size parameters in the area of interest. The simultaneous use of both approaches enables sedimentological conditions and transport alternatives to be distinguished. This improvement is necessary because site‐specific changes and general textural trends provide information that complements the strengths and weaknesses of each perspective. The methods are implemented here using two‐dimensional Geographic Information System tools and illustrated for the Lithuanian coast. Grain‐size characteristics of 712 surface samples of sandy sediments are used to interpret sediment transport pathways and predominant sedimentological conditions in the Lithuanian coastal zone. In general, coast‐parallel sediment transport dominates the entire investigation area, although wave‐induced movement perpendicular to the coastline is inferred in the shallow nearshore zone. The deepest areas offshore are characterized by sea floor erosion in the north, whereas an accumulation zone occurs in the relatively deep central part of the study area. 相似文献
14.
Grain-Size Control on Petrographic Composition of Sediments: Compositional Regression and Rounded Zeros 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It is well-known that sediment composition strongly depends on grain size. A number of studies have tried to quantify this
relationship focusing on the sand fraction, but only very limited data exists covering wider grain size ranges. Geologists
have a clear conceptual model of the relation between grain size and sediment petrograpic composition, typically displayed
in evolution diagrams. We chose a classical model covering grain sizes from fine gravel to clay, and distinguishing five types
of grains (rock fragments, poly- and mono crystalline quartz, feldspar and mica/clay). A compositional linear process is fitted
here to a digitized version of this model, by (i) applying classical regression to the set of all pairwise log-ratios of the
5-part composition against grain size, and (ii) looking for the compositions that best approximate the set of estimated parameters,
one acting as slope and one as intercept. The method is useful even in the presence of several missing values. The linear
fit suggests that the relative influence of the processes controlling the relationship between grain size and sediment composition
is constant along most of the grain size spectrum. 相似文献
15.
F. Badesab V. Gaikwad T. R. Gireeshkumar O. Naikgaonkar K. Deenadayalan S. V. Samiksha P. K. Dinesh Kumar V. J. Loveson S. D. Iyer A. Khan P. B. Udayakrishnan A. Sardar 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(17):625
In this study, we utilized environmental magnetic in combination with sedimentological and hydrodynamic data to investigate the formative processes of mudbanks along southwest coast of India. We document the linkages between enrichment of silt-sized magnetic particles and formation processes of mudbanks along Alappuzha coast. A trend of increasing magnetite concentration and coarsening in magnetic grain size is observed at mudbank stations M2 and M3, while the mud-deficient station (M1) showed an opposite trend. A strong relationship between magnetic and physical grain size for all samples implies that the magnetic particle size and clastic grain size are largely adjunct. Analysis of rock magnetic and grain size data of surficial and suspended sediments from non-mudbank (M1) and two mudbank stations (M2, M3) reflect the differential sediment partitioning and transport regimes which controlled the formation of mudbanks along Alappuzha coast. Two plausible mechanisms responsible for the formation of mudbanks are identified: grain size-selective entrainment is the dominant process during pre-monsoon; weaker hydrodynamics (waves and bottom currents) favors accumulation of silt-sized (fine and coarse) magnetic and non-magnetic fractions resulting in the formation of magnetically low-enriched sediment bed of mixed grain sizes. At the onset of monsoon, wave-induced energetic bottom currents enhance the suspension of entire sediment bedload at stations M2, M3 to form fluid mud. Concurrently, mineral-density-based selective fractionation allows the settling of coarse silt-sized magnetic particles, while the fine magnetic silt-size particles accumulate forming thick fluid mud as a suspension load resulting in the formation of mudbanks. An observed increase in magnetic susceptibility and coarsening in magnetic grain size of surficial sediments at mudbank stations (M2, M3) during monsoon period supports the interpretation. Our findings are summarized in a conceptual model which can be very well applied to investigate sediment dynamics associated with mudbank formation in coastal and shelf sedimentary systems. 相似文献
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一种适用于微体古生物沉积动力分析的沉积物粒径指数及其应用例证 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
微体古生物的沉积动力分析可提取出比单纯的微体古生物分析更多更准的古沉积环境信息。本文提出一种称为“沉积物粒径指数(gsi)”的半定量参数,适用于微体古生物的沉积动力学分析研究。长江口及苏北辐射沙洲区的有孔虫分析实例表明这种沉积物粒径指数行之有效。 相似文献
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This paper presents a methodological framework for inter‐instrument comparison of different particle‐size analysers. The framework consists of: (i) quantifying the difference between complete particle‐size distributions; (ii) identifying the best regression model for homogenizing data sets of particle‐size distributions measured by different instruments; (iii) quantifying the precision of a range of particle‐size analysers; and (iv) identifying the most appropriate instrument for analysing a given set of samples. The log‐ratio transform is applied to particle‐size distributions throughout this study to avoid the pitfalls of analysing percentage‐frequency data in ‘closed‐space’. A Normalized Distance statistic is used to quantify the difference between particle‐size distributions and assess the performance of log‐ratio regression models. Forty‐six different regression models are applied to sediment samples measured by both sieve‐pipette and laser analysis. Interactive quadratic regression models offer the best means of homogenizing data sets of particle‐size distributions measured by different instruments into a comparable format. However, quadratic interactive log‐ratio regression models require a large number of training samples (n > 80) to achieve optimal performance compared to linear regression models (n = 50). The precision of ten particle‐size analysis instruments was assessed using a data set of ten replicate measurements made of four previously published silty sediment samples. Instrument precision is quantified as the median Normalized Difference measured between the ten replicate measurements made for each sediment sample. The Differentiation Power statistic is introduced to assess the ability of each instrument to detect differences between the four sediment samples. Differentiation Power scores show that instruments based on laser diffraction principles are able to differentiate most effectively between the samples of silty sediment at a 95% confidence level. Instruments applying the principles of sedimentation offer the next most precise approach. 相似文献