山西大同第四纪火山岩中幔源包体的变形特征及其上地幔流变学意义

山西大同第四纪玄武岩中含有少量小型的幔源包体，主要为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩。包体的变形显微构造反映了上地幔条件下至少有两次变形事件；包体的平衡温度为９００～１０５０℃，平衡压力为１．１～１．７ＧＰａ，对应的来源深度为４０～６０ｋｍ。由包体的变形显微构造推导的上地幔流变学参数表明，该地区上地幔符合大陆拉张带上地幔的特征。在第四纪时期，该地区上地幔仍然继续其底辟上涌过程     

郯庐断裂带池河段的新活动

对郯庐断裂带池河段进行了遥感影像判读,地震地质实地调查,钻孔探测资料分析,样品采集测试,以及结合地震活动特征分析和微观构造解析. 结果表明,郯庐断裂带池河段晚第四纪期间仍具有粘蠕滑交替的变形活动,最新活动方式以蠕滑活动为主.     

莱州湾海域郯庐断裂带活断层探测

利用浅地层剖面仪对郯庐断裂带莱州湾段进行了活断层探测,发现郯庐断裂带主干断裂在第四纪晚期以来具有明显的活动,继承了晚第三纪以来的主要构造活动特点,仍是这一区域的主导性构造. 西支KL3断裂由多条高角度正断裂组成,最新活动时代为晚更新世晚期至全新世早期,受到一系列错断晚更新世晚期沉积的北东或近东西向断裂的切割;东支龙口断裂由两段右阶斜列的次级断层组成,沿断裂带不但有明显的晚第四纪断错活动,而且还发育北北东向晚第四纪生长褶皱,表现出明显的晚更新世晚期至全新世活动特征. 在山东陆地区也发现了与龙口断裂相对应的安丘——莒县断裂,安丘段由一系列右阶斜列的次级断层组成. 从安丘向北至莱州湾凹陷,郯庐断裂带东支活断层构成了一条右旋单剪变形带,每一个次级活断层段相当于带内理论上次级压剪面,在第四纪晚期以来仍以右旋走滑活动为主要特征.      

郯庐断裂带中段全新世活断层的特征滑动行为与特征地震

郯庐断裂带中段全新世活断层由３个独立的破裂段组成。从各破裂段的运动性质、位移分布看，断层的运动属特征地震型滑动。地震活动以强震活动为主，强震具有周期性原地重复发生的特点，且其强度基本相同；中强地震缺失或很少发生；ｂ值在高震级范围内具低ｂ值的非线性关系。这些特点正是特征地震的典型表现．根据郯庐断裂带中段活断层全新世以来的活动特点看，未来该区仍然以特征地震方式活动．按郯庐带的强震复发间隔和各段的最新一次活动时代推算，未来一段时期内新沂－宿迁段复发大震的可能性较大，安丘段次之，莒县－郯城段复发大震的可能性则很小。     

NEW EVIDENCES OF THE HOLOCENE FAULT IN SUQIAN SEGMENT OF THE TANLU FAULT ZONE DISCOVERED BY SHALLOW SEISMIC EXPLORATION METHOD

The fault F₅ is considered as the most active fault in the Tanlu fault zone(Yi-Shu fault zone), which is located from Weifang of Shandong Province to Jiashan of Anhui Province, with a length of 360km. It has always been a focus of concern to many geoscientists because of its complexity and importance. But, for a long period of time, there exists biggish indetermination in the accurate position and active ages of the fault F₅ in Suqian section of Tanlu fault zone. Seismic reflection exploration is the main technique in present urban active faults detecting. In order to investigate the spatial distribution, characteristics and activities of the fault F₅ in covered terrains, we carried out a systematic survey to the fault with shallow seismic prospecting method and obtained the accurate position and development characteristics of the fault. The results show that the fault F₅ continues to develop toward south rather than ending at the Huancheng South Road of Suqian City. F₅ is mainly composed of two main faults, which dip in opposite directions and almost vertically. Near the Sankeshu town, F₅ is composed of three faults with right-stepping, forming a small pull-apart basin with length of 6km, width of 2.5km, controlling the deposition of Neogene and Quaternary strata. By combining the results of composite drilling section and trenching, we make a conclusion that the western branch of fault F₅ is a Holocene active fault, and the eastern branch is a Pleistocene active fault. Our general view is that fault F₅ is a Holocene active fault.     

高密度电阻率二维层析成像在郯庐断裂带山东潍坊段试验结果的初步分析

在城市活断层调查中,利用电阻率二维层析成像测量方法,对郯庐断裂带山东潍坊段的地震活断层进行了探测试验,取得了较理想的勘探效果。沂水-汤头断裂、刘家庄断裂的二维电阻率反演结果表明,断裂带两侧的电性结构呈现出整体性的差异,正断层的上盘为低阻区和局部高、低阻扰动区;而断层下盘多为均匀的高阻区;断层为高角度断层。试验探测表明:在城市活断层调查中,选用合适的电极装置类型,电阻率层析成像是一种有效的勘探方法     

EVIDENCE OF HOLOCENE ACTIVITY DISCOVERED IN ANHUI ZIYANGSHAN SEGMENT OF TANLU FAULT ZONE

Anqiu-Juxian Fault(F₅) is the latest active fault in the eastern graben of the middle segment of the Tanlu fault zone. In recent years, the research results of F₅ in Jiangsu Province are abundant, and it is found that Holocene activity is prevalent in different segments, and the movement pattern is dominated by dextral strike-slip and squeezing thrust. The Anhui segment and the Jiangsu segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone are bounded by the Huaihe River. Previous studies have not discussed the extension and activity of F₅ in the south of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province. This paper chooses the Ziyangshan segment of Tanlu fault zone in the south of the Huaihe River as the breakthrough point, which is consistent with the linear image feature of extension of F₅ in Jiangsu Province. Through the remote sensing image interpretation, geological and geomorphological investigation and trench excavation, we initially get the following understanding:(1)The linear structural features of the Ziyang segment are clear, and the fault is developed on the gentle slope of the Mesozoic red sandstone uplift along the Fushan-Ziyangshan, which is the southern extension of the Anqiu-Juxian Fault(F₅); (2)The excavation of the Zhuliu trench reveals that the late Pleistocene clastic layers are interrupted, and the late late Pleistocene to early Holocene black clay layers are filled along the fault to form black fault strips and black soil-filled wedges, indicating that the latest active age of the fault is early Holocene; (3)The excavation of Zhuliu trench reveals that there are at least 3 paleo-earthquake events since the Quaternary, the first paleo-seismic event is dated to the early and middle Quaternary, and the 2nd paleo-seismic event is 20.10~13.46ka BP, the age of the third paleo-seismic event is(10.15±0.05)~(8.16±0.05)ka BP. These results complement our understanding of the late Quaternary activity in the Anhui segment of the Tanlu fault zone, providing basic data for earthquake monitoring and seismic damage prevention in Anhui Province.     

ACTIVITY FEATURES OF FAULTS AT THE EAST OF ZHANGSHAN ON THE MIDDLE SEGMENT OF TANLU FAULT ZONE

Given the scarcity of research on the activity of Xinyi-Sihong segment of the Tanlu Fault zone, this paper focuses on the Zhangshan segment where there are quite evident geomorphic features to complement the shortage of the research on the northern part of Xinyi-Sihong segment. This study enriches evidences for the late Quaternary activity and paleoseismological events on the Xinyi-Sihong segment. The Zhangshan segment is located at Xiaodian Town to Jintou Village of Suqian City, stretching towards NE for 7 kilometers with a dip angle of 60~80. Research of tectonic geomorphology shows that gullies in northern part of Zhangshan segment were evidently displaced, while in the southern, two NE-trending right-stepped fault scarps are developed, with an average height of 3 meters, which generally suggests that the fault was dominated by thrust and dextral motion. Two trenches were excavated in the southern part of Zhangshan segment, numbered Mayao trench 1 and Mayao trench 2. Both trenches reveal that:(1)within this segment, Tanlu Fault shows periodic fault activity, that is, normal faulting during Pliocene epoch while thrust faulting in Quaternary period; (2)an event occurred between 15.12ka BP to 11.82 BP; (3)the latest event possibly took place around 3 500 a BP. Based on integrated results of previous studies, we identify the dates of paleoseismic events on the Xinyi-Sihong segment as follows:more than 960 thousands years ago, early to middle period of late Pleistocene, (15.12~11.82)ka BP, (11.76±0.05)ka~(10.53±0.05)ka BP, (10.15±0.05)ka~(8.16±0.05)ka BP and 4 960~3 510a BP.     

伊通地堑上地幔剪切带

通过研究糜棱岩型幔源包体的变形显微构造、位错亚构造及组构特征，确定它是上地幔剪切带的代表物质。该带形成温度为７２９～８２８℃、压力为１．１０～１．３８ＧＰａ、差异应力为９７～１５０ＭＰａ、应变速率为ＩＯ￣（－１４）～１Ｏ￣（－１２）ｓ￣（－１）、等效粘滞度为１０～１０００ＥＰａ·ｓ和深度为３７～４５ｋｍ。这是一种与地幔底辟作用有关的规模较小的缓倾斜剪切带，也是应变集中带，能导致上地幔地震波速各向异性，并与地震活动有关     

NEW EVIDENCES OF HOLOCENE ACTIVITY IN THE JIANGSU SEGMENT OF ANQIU-JUXIAN FAULT OF THE TANLU FAULT ZONE

Anqiu-Juxian Fault is an important fault in the Tanlu fault zone, with the largest seismic risk, the most recent activity date and the most obvious surface traces. It is also the seismogenic fault of the Tancheng M8 1/2 earthquake in 1668. There are many different views about the southern termination location of surface rupture of the Tancheng earthquake and the Holocene activity in Jiangsu segment of this fault. Research on the latest activity time of the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, particularly the termination location of surface rupture of the Tancheng earthquake, is of great significance to the assessment of its earthquake potential and seismic risk. Based on trench excavation on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, we discuss the time and characteristics of its latest activity. Multiple geological sections from southern Maling Mountain to Chonggang Mountain indicate that there was an ancient seismic event occurring in Holocene on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault. We suggest the time of the latest seismic event is about(4.853±0.012)~(2.92±0.3)ka BP by dating results. The latest activity is characterized by thrust strike-slip faulting, with the maximum displacement of 1m. Combined with the fault rupture characteristics of each section, it is inferred that only one large-scale paleo-earthquake event occurred on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault since the Holocene. The upper parts of the fault are covered by horizontal sand layers, not only on the trench in the west of Chonggang mountain but also on the trench in Hehuan Road in Suqian city, which indicates that the main part of the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault was probably not the surface rupture zone of the 1668 Tancheng M8 1/2 earthquake. In short, the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault has experienced many paleo-earthquake events since the late Pleistocene, with obvious activity during the Holocene. The seismic activities of the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault have the characteristics of large magnitude and low frequency. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault has the deep tectonic and seismic-geological backgrounds of big earthquakes generation and should be highly valued by scientists.     

郯庐断裂带潍坊—嘉山段全新世活断层的活动方式与发震模式

郯庐断裂带潍坊－嘉山段全新世活断层由三个独立的破裂段组成。从各段的断错地貌，松散堆积物特征，断层本身的特点以及断层泥的显微构造标志看，各段具有共同的特点，就是主要粘滑运动为主，并在震后有蠕滑调整运动，各段具有断层闭锁→粘滑发震→震后调整→断层再次闭锁的发震模式，目前莒县－郯城段仍处于震后调整阶段，而安丘段和新沂－泗洪段由已处于断层闭锁的后期阶段，面临粘滑发震的危险。     

郯庐断裂带莒县胡家孟晏地震破裂带的发现

郯庐断裂带是中国东部最主要的一条活动断裂带。在该断裂带中部,沂沭断裂东地堑的潍坊—嘉山段中发育了1条长360km的全新世活动断裂带(F5),在该全新世断裂带的北段和中段分别发生了公元70年的安丘地震和公元1668年的郯城地震。2003年底我们考察沭河断裂带时,在莒县境内发现了1条长约7km的地震破裂带,作为活动断层应该归属于F5断裂带,但其是一条独立的地震破裂段还是归属于1668年郯城8.5级地震破裂带有待于进一步的研究。尽管如此,探槽揭示出的上覆未经破坏的地层的14C年代表明,该破裂带在(2140±190)aBP以来没有过活动,因此我们认为其作为1条独立破裂段的可能性较大     

STUDY ON THE LATEST ACTIVITY OF WUYUNSHAN-HEFEI FAULT IN HEFEI BASIN,THE WESTERN BRANCH OF THE TANLU FAULT ZONE

Tanlu fault zone is the largest strike-slip fault system in eastern China. Since it was discovered by aeromagnetics in 1960s, it has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad, and a lot of research has been done on its formation and evolution. At the same time, the Tanlu fault zone is also the main seismic structural zone in China, with an obvious characteristic of segmentation of seismicity. Major earthquakes are mostly concentrated in the Bohai section and Weifang-Jiashan section. For example, the largest earthquake occurring in the Bohai section is M7.4 earthquake, and the largest earthquake occurring in the Weifang-Jiashan section is M8.5 earthquake. Therefore, the research on the active structure of the Tanlu fault zone is mainly concentrated in these two sections. With the deepening of research, some scholars carried out a lot of research on the middle section of Tanlu fault zone, which is distributed in Shandong and northern Jiangsu Province, including five nearly parallel fault systems, i.e. Changyi-Dadian Fault(F₁), Baifenzi-Fulaishan Fault(F₂), Yishui-Tangtou Fault(F₃), Tangwu-Gegou Fault(F₄) and Anqiu-Juxian Fault(F₅). They find that the faults F₃ and F₅ are still active since the late Quaternary. In recent years, we have got a further understanding of the geometric distribution, active age and active nature of Fault F₅, and found that it is still active in Holocene. At the same time, the latest research on the extension of F₅ into Anhui suggests that there is a late Pleistocene-Holocene fault existing near the Huaihe River in Anhui Province. The Tanlu fault zone extends into Anhui Province and the extension section is completely buried, especially in the Hefei Basin south of Dingyuan. At present, there is little research on the activity of this fault segment, and it is very difficult to study its geometric structure and active nature, and even whether the fault exists has not been clear. Precisely determining the distribution, active properties and the latest active time of the hidden faults under urban areas is of great significance not only for studying the rupture behavior and segmentation characteristics of the southern section of the Tanlu fault zone, but also for providing important basis for urban seismic fortification. By using the method of shallow seismic prospecting and the combined drilling geological section, this paper carries out a detailed exploration and research on the Wuyunshan-Hefei Fault, the west branch fault of Tanlu fault zone buried in Hefei Basin. Four shallow seismic prospecting lines and two rows of joint borehole profiles are laid across the fault in Hefei urban area from north to south. Using ¹⁴C, OSL and ESR dating methods, ages of 34 samples of borehole stratigraphic profiles are obtained. The results show that the youngest stratum dislocated by the Wuyunshan-Hefei Fault is the Mesopleistocene blue-gray clay layer, and its activity is characterized by reverse faulting, with a maximum vertical offset of 2.4m. The latest active age is late Mesopleistocene, and the depth of the shallowest upper breaking point is 17m. This study confirms that the west branch of Tanlu fault zone cuts through Hefei Basin and is still active since Quaternary. Its latest activity age in Hefei Basin is late of Middle Pleistocene, and the latest activity is characterized by thrusting. The research results enrich the understanding of the overall activity of Tanlu fault zone in the buried section of Hefei Basin and provide reliable basic data for earthquake monitoring, prediction and earthquake damage prevention in Anhui Province.     

北祁连山东段活动断裂带古地震特征

根据古地震探槽剖面及断坎年代资料，综合分析了北祁连山东段活动为裂带的 震活动特征。沿断裂带的古地震具有非均匀性活动的特点，表现为活动期次的差异性、空间上的分段性和中段时间上的准周期性。     

STUDY ON THE ELECTRICAL STRUCTURE OF THE ANQIU AND JUXIAN ELECTROMAGNETIC STATIONS IN THE TANLU FAULT ZONE

The Yishu fault zone is one of the branch faults of the Tanlu fault zone in its central part. Moderate and strong earthquakes occurred in the Yishu fault zone repeatedly. Due to its complex structure, the Yishu fault zone attracts much attention from earthquake researches. The Anqiu and Juxian electromagnetic stations in Shandong Province locate near the Anqiu-Juxian Fault and Changyi-Dadian Fault, which are branches of the Yishu fault zone, respectively. Geoelectric field and geomagnetic field observation were carried out in these two stations. The Wudi electromagnetic station is in the west of Tanlu fault zone in the Jidong-Bohai block and 230km from Anqiu electromagnetic station. This paper firstly describes the crustal structure near the electromagnetic stations by using magnetotelluric(MT)method. By processing the data carefully, we obtain the MT data in good quality near the stations. The MT data of each electromagnetic station and its nearby area suggests that the electrical structure and geological structure of the station are comparable. This paper applied 1-D and 2-D inversion for MT data and obtained the crustal electrical structure model beneath the Anqiu and Juxian seismic station. The shallow electrical structure from the MT method was compared with the results of symmetrical quadrupole electrical sounding. The model suggests that the electrical structure beneath the Anqiu and Juxian electromagnetic stations is complex and shows the feature of block boundary. The Wudi electromagnetic station is located inside a basin, the crustal structure shows layered feature typical for the stable blocks. Beneath the Anqiu electromagnetic station, there is a 1km-thick relative low resistivity layer in the shallow crust and a high resistivity body beneath it with a depth of 13km. There is a high resistivity structure in the crust beneath the Juxian electromagnetic station. The crustal structures are divided into two different parts by Anqiu-Juxian Fault and Changyi-Dadian Fault, respectively. More conductive layers appear to the west of the two faults. Plenty of fluid possibly exists within the conductive body to the west of Changyi-Dadian Fault, which plays important role in the earthquake generation. There is a relative low resistivity layer in the crust within 1~2km beneath the Wudi electromagnetic station. Beneath the relatively low resistivity layer, a relatively high resistivity layer extends to a depth of around 15km, and the resistivity value decreases with the increase of depth. The electrical resistivity model suggests the seismic activity of the Yishu fault zone around the Anqiu and Juxian electromagnetic stations should be taken into account seriously, and monitoring and research on it need to be strengthened. The results of this paper provide a certain reference value for the crustal structure research to similar stations.     

鲜水河断裂带跨断层形变测量及其地震学意义

通过对鲜水河断裂带多年跨断层形变测量资料的分析，揭示出鲜水河断裂带不同部位的形变特征，断裂带破裂区表现为较高速率的蠕滑运动，其运动速率又以极震区为中心向两侧衰减，“闭锁区”则具有运动停滞的特点，并有明显的分段性。断层形变的特殊形态还与地震有一定的关系，如每当形变出现“Ｖ”（或倒“Ｖ”）字型时，会有中小地震对应；断层扭动反向与变化也与地震有关     

郯庐断裂带北段及邻区现代地震活动性与应力状态

收集了郯庐断裂带北段及邻区自1964年1月至2008年1月的1254个ML≥2.0的地震数据和191条震源机制解、198条原地应力测量数据,通过震中分布、震源深度、应变释放速率的分析计算和震源机制解及其它应力数据的统计,探讨了郯庐北段现今的地震活动性和应力状态。结果表明,郯庐断裂带北段及邻区的地震活动可分为日本海-长白山深震区、郯庐断裂带北段地震区、松辽盆地西缘地震区和松辽盆地内部地震区;郯庐断裂带北段现今地震强度较小,频度较低,但空间差异性显著,依兰-伊通断裂活动性比敦化-密山断裂强,且具有两端强而中间弱的分段活动特点;深震区P轴平均走向为288°,倾角约31°,断裂活动以逆断为主;郯庐断裂带北段附近浅震P轴走向以NEE-SWW向为主,倾角平均26°,T轴走向以NNW-SSE向为主,倾角平均23°,断裂活动以走滑和逆断为主。浅震区和深震区主压应力方位存在差异,这可能是在西太平洋板块低角度高速水平消减产生的NWW向挤压应力作用下,郯庐断裂北段右行走滑派生的次级应力场的影响     

鲜水河-小江断裂带7级以上强震构造区的划分及其构造地貌特征

划分了鲜水河——小江断裂带7级以上历史地震的强震构造区，分析了各强震构造区地质构造和构造地貌特征．认为强震构造区是沿断裂带的一些特殊构造段落，区内以断裂带主要分支断层的左阶斜列、并行排列或三叉构造组合为主体构造格局．强震构造区内发育了构造较复杂的盆地类型，如三叉区拉分盆地、双阶区拉分盆地和阶区 三叉区拉分盆地等．      

鲜水河断裂西北段的断层泥特征及其地震地质意义

对鲜水河断裂的断层泥样品进行原样的结构、构造和碎砾的显微构造、刻蚀形貌结构的观测统计,断层泥的粒度分析和分形研究,认为,断裂处于强烈的定向应力场作用之下,其运动方式是以粘滑运动为主,且晚更新世和全新世时期断裂仍有活动。从断层泥的粒度分布和分形分析可将断层分为：甘孜－格篓、格篓－恰叫、恰叫－乾宁３段,这与前人的地形变分析的分段结果相一致     

鲜水河断裂带的现今水平形变及构造动态

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