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近震层析成像的理论及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
地震层析成像是 2 0世纪 70年代末以来随着地震反演理论的发展、地震观测资料的积累和计算机技术的飞速进步而发展起来的地球物理学的前沿学科 ,2 0多年来在该领域取得了许多重要的成果。为了解这个我们赖以生存的星球 ,如同对地球进行透射似的地震层析成像技术 ,给出了关键的地球内部的三维结构的图像 ,为地球深部构造和深部动力学过程的研究开创了新的篇章。它已成为地学研究中的一项重要手段而得到日趋广泛的应用。本文对近震层析成像技术的理论与方法进行了详细的分析和研究 ;对近震成像技术中的各个重要步骤展开讨论 ,如地球三维结构的… 相似文献
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<正>对地壳和上地幔的速度结构进行成像是研究地球深部结构及动力学问题的一个有效途径。南北地震带地区是青藏高原与相邻块体的过渡带,这里的地质构造十分复杂,地震活动频繁。在南北地震带地区进行壳幔结构成像研究,有利于提高对青藏高原及其与相邻块体相 相似文献
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地震层析成像是研究地球内部结构的主要方法.文章利用首都圈区域内3231个地震挑选出来的29839条直达P波走时和29972条直达S波走时数据,首次使用拟波形层析成像方法对首都圈地区地壳的P波和S波速度,以及泊松比进行反演成像,获得了该区域三维高分辨率VP、VS以及泊松比结构.成像结果表明,首都圈地壳结构非均匀性强烈,地... 相似文献
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应用射线追踪方法及由震源参数和速度联合反演获的地壳速度结构,对吴忠、灵武地区1982-19983年发生的全部地震进行了精确定位。 相似文献
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中国西部地区是地震活动十分强烈的地区,天山、阿尔泰、帕米尔和西昆仑都是著名的地震构造带,在这些地震构造带和周边地区发生了多次震级大于5级的强震.本文通过分析西部地区的重力场特征,根据重力数据结合地震剖面、应用Parker-Oldenburg方法反演得到了研究区莫霍面深度,通过对比地震层析成像的反演结果,分析了研究区的地壳结构特征.计算结果表明,研究区地壳结构不均匀特征明显,在造山带地区一般是莫霍面坳陷区,盆地则是莫霍面隆起区,主要造山带地壳速度结构表现为高速区,盆地和主要凹陷区为低速区.根据计算结果和以往强震震中位置分析了地壳构造与强震活动的相关性,西部地区的地震活动与地壳结构的横向不均匀密切相关,强震主要发生在地壳速度变化带附近和地壳速度结构差异较大的地区,在构造应力作用下,这些地壳介质非均匀地区易发生强震,这是中国西部造山带和盆-山边界附近频发强震的构造原因之一. 相似文献
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《Advances in water resources》2005,28(7):701-710
The patterns of temporal variations of precipitation (P), streamflow (SF) and baseflow (BF) as well as their nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate) concentrations (C) and loads (L) from a long-term record (28 years) in the Raccoon River, Iowa, were analyzed using variogram and spectral analyses. The daily P is random but scaling may exist in the daily SF and BF with a possible break point in the scaling at about 18 days and 45 days, respectively. The nitrate concentrations and loads are shown to have a half-year cycle while daily P, SF, and BF have a one-year cycle. Furthermore, there may be a low-frequency cycle of 6–8 years in C. The power spectra of C and L in both SF and BF exhibit fractal 1/f scaling with two characteristic frequencies of half-year and one-year, and are fitted well with the spectrum of the gamma distribution. The nitrate input to SF and BF at the Raccoon watershed seems likely to be a white noise process superimposed on another process with a half-year and one-year cycle. 相似文献
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燕郊等测点迁移优化与地磁观测研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为优化地磁观测条件,开展了燕郊、夏垫等测点迁移工作;按照测眯迁移原则与实施技术方案,完整地收集并整理了地质构造与地球物理等方面的基本资料;进行了野外实地勘察,磁场梯度的测量,确定了新测点,在新老测点上进行了较长时间的地磁场对比观测;应用多种方法分析研究了地磁对比观测资料,结果表明,新老测点与有关测点的地磁变化具有良好的一致性,并得到了新老测点之间的地磁数据的按点差。 相似文献
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We rederive and generalize hyperbolic moveout formulae for the common-midpoint (CMP) gather and for the zero-offset (ZO) section that can be efficiently used for macro-model-independent reflection imaging in two-dimensional media. The hyperbolic moveout formulae for the common-midpoint gather are obtained from different Taylor series expansions of a particular parametric moveout surface defined in the multicoverage data space. Such a moveout surface involves three kinematic wave-field attributes of two hypothetical waves, which have to be determined by a coherency analysis. By using hyperbolic moveout curves in the CMP gather and in the ZO section one can determine these attributes in two steps. The relationships between the local shapes of the interfaces and the attributes of the hypothetical wave-fields attributes are considered by means of geometrical optics. The determination of these attributes allows to perform a macro-model-independent ZO simulation and a subsequent inversion. 相似文献
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Vindell Hsu Charles E. Helsley Eduard Berg David A. Novelo-Casanova 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1984,122(6):878-893
A close correlation in spatial distribution of local seismic activity and energy release patterns before and after the 1979 Petatlan, Mexico earthquake suggests heterogeneity within the fault plane of this major low-angle thrust event associated with subduction along the Middle America Trench. A simple two-asperity model is proposed to account for the complexity. Foreshocks and aftershocks of the neighboring 1981 Playa Azul earthquake showed a similar pattern. As both events occurred at the junction of the Orozco Fracture Zone and the Middle America Trench, we speculate that the observed complex fault plane is caused by subduction of the rugged ocean floor of the Orozco Fracture Zone. Short-term precursory seismicity prior to the Petatlan earthquake can be explained by using the asperity model and migration of a slip front from the south-east to the north-west across the main shock source region. 相似文献
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Summary This paper discusses the influence of system stiffness on the dynamic instability of fault surfaces under laboratory conditions for a number of test modes. In conjunction with shear load stiffness, the normal load stiffness, often neglected, is shown to have a considerable effect on the stick-slip process —its presence or absence and its characteristics. Also appropriate stiffnesses are suggested for an earthquake sequence modeled as a growing dislocation. 相似文献
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