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我国一些重要夕卡岩Pb-Zn多金属矿床的交代分带 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
在我国一些重要夕卡岩Pb-Zn多金属矿床中,交代矿化分带十分明显,主要表现为围绕侵入体接触带或热源中心向碳酸盐围岩方向1,呈现有规律的带状分布1。根据有关岩浆岩和矿化组合的不同,可大致划分为三个匀代分带序列,总的分带序列是:Fe(MO)-Fe-Sn-Sn(W)-Cu-Cu-Zn-Zn,Pb(Ag)。 相似文献
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近年来的研究发现,夕卡岩型矿床不仅仅发生在中酸性岩体与碳酸盐岩类的接触带上,在基性岩体的接触带上或者远离接触带的地层中也可以形成夕卡岩,成矿围岩也突破了碳酸盐岩类岩石的限制,在火山沉积凝灰岩等较活泼的火山沉积岩中也可以形成夕卡岩和夕卡岩型矿床;这类型的矿床大多数与陆壳俯冲带中的岩浆弧有关,其成矿温度以中低温为主,成矿深度从浅表成到中深成的环境为主,深成环境不利于夕卡岩的形成;夕卡岩型矿床的成矿物质以深源为主,部分可能有地壳物质的混入;而成矿流体的不同演化阶段表现出一定的差异,早期以岩浆水占优势为特征,并向天水方向演化,晚期主要以天水占优势为特征。 相似文献
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文章综合分析研究了中国21个夕卡岩矿床中的130个角闪石的成分分析数据。根据夕卡岩类型及其伴生金属矿化的不同,把角闪石分为4大类:钙夕卡岩中的角闪石多属钙角闪石,包括绿钙闪石、铁角闪石、镁绿钙闪石、铁浅闪石、阳起石、铁阳起石、铁镁钙闪石和铁韭闪石等;镁夕卡岩中的角闪石以透闪石为主,局部有浅闪石或韭闪石;锰质夕卡岩中的角闪石有锰质阳起石、锰质透闪石、锰直闪石和锰镁闪石;碱质夕卡岩中的角闪石属钠-钙角闪石或钠角闪石类,包括钠透闪石、镁亚铁钠闪石、亚铁钠闪石、镁铝钠闪石和镁钠闪石。碳酸盐围岩和有关侵入岩的成分对角闪石的类型、成分及其伴生金属矿化起重要的作用。 相似文献
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通过总结多年来对夕卡岩型和斑岩型矿床的研究所获得的成果,作者认识到挥发相在这些矿床形成过程中的重要地位和意义。文章系统讨论了在花岗质岩浆中挥发相的形成和时空演化、挥发相的组成及其与硅酸盐熔融体的不相溶性,提供了挥发相在夕卡岩型和斑岩型矿床中存在的证据,提出挥发相对花岗质岩体顶部和邻近围岩的微细裂隙、爆破角砾岩、夕卡岩、碱质硅酸盐交代岩和富含挥发份矿物的形成,以及在矿质的迁移富集等各个过程中都具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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夕卡岩矿床中共生单斜辉石—石榴石酸度计及夕卡岩矿床的酸度相 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于对我国夕卡岩矿床的地质研究,应用固溶体热力学模型,对夕卡岩矿床中共生单斜辉石-石榴石矿物对进行分析,建立了共生单斜辉石-石榴石矿物酸度计,以此可以较好地估计夕卡岩形成的介质条件。经对我国各类金属矿化夕卡岩形成酸度的研究表明:不同矿化类型、不同产出条件的夕卡岩具有不同的形成酸度条件和含矿流体的酸度变化趋势。在此基础上,佐以共生矿物氧逸度的研究,可以建立夕卡岩矿床的氧逸度-酸度相。反映出金属矿化与夕卡岩间具有密切的成因联系。 相似文献
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Yasuhiro KATO 《Resource Geology》1999,49(4):213-222
Abstract: A genetical relationship between skarn formation and mineralization is investigated for the Kamioka skarn deposits which are the largest Zn-Pb producer in Japan. In the Mozumi deposit, one of main deposits in the Kamioka mining area as well as Tochibora and Maruyama, clinopyroxene skarn was generally subjected to later replacement by garnet or magnetite–calcite–quartz during the Zn-Pb mineralization. The replacement of hedenbergitic clinopyroxene by andraditic garnet resulted in the formation of diopsidic clinopyroxene relicts. With the progress of replacement, the S/So value (So: an estimated area occupied by an original clinopyroxene grain in a thin section, S: a total area of relict clinopyroxene fragments) which is an index of the degree of replacement decreases from 0. 7 to 0. 1, and the hedenbergite mole percent of relict clinopyroxene decreases drastically from about 65 to less than 40. A close association of andraditic garnet and sphalerite suggests that heden-bergitic clinopyroxene skarn played an important role to reduce the relatively oxic ore-forming fluid enriched in Zn2+ and SO42– and to precipitate sphalerite from the fluid. Ferrous iron in the hedenbergitic clinopyroxene skarn was oxidized to form andraditic garnet. Besides this garnet formation, the mineral assemblage of magnetite–calcite–quartz replaced the clinopyroxene skarn at the time of mineralization. In both cases, the reduction of relatively oxic ore-forming fluid by hedenbergitic clinopy-roxene skarn at the later stage brought about the precipitation of sulfide minerals. In contrast, these types of later replacement are not found in the Tochibora deposit. Instead, graphite-bearing crystalline limestone and relatively fresh clinopyroxene skarn are common. Mineralized clinopyroxene skarn has high graphite carbon contents relative to barren one, suggesting that the amount of graphite in the skarn was an important controlling factor for mineralization. It is very likely that the graphite played a role of reducing agent during the mineralization in the Tochibora deposit. 相似文献
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矽卡岩成因模式研究进展:兼论新疆雅满苏铁矿的成因 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
矽卡岩在地壳中分布广泛,其研究历史超过一百年。然而,矽卡岩的定义却相对模糊。直到近年来,具有特征性矽
卡岩矿物组合被认为是确认矽卡岩的关键。对于矽卡岩的成因亦长期缺乏统一认识。从花岗岩与灰岩的接触交代成因拓展
到基性- 超基性岩与碳酸盐岩接触成因,再到其岩浆成因,反映出矽卡岩所包含的地质过程和意义在不断扩大。近年来对
矽卡岩矿物中的熔体包裹体和岩浆混染实验等为矽卡岩的成因研究提供了新的方向。铁矿床是与矽卡岩相关度最大的一类
矿床,单个矿床储量可达5000 Mt(平均品位约45%)。与矽卡岩有关的铁矿床通常与基性- 超基性岩有关,流体盐度高,
且碱交代发育,相对IOCG 具很低的金含量。本文结合作者实际研究资料,阐明新疆哈密地区雅满苏矽卡岩型铁矿的矽卡岩
化过程。 相似文献
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矽卡岩型铁矿的铁质来源与迁移富集机理探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
矽卡岩型铁矿是我国最重要的富铁矿类型,其铁质来源及迁移富集机理是目前最核心、也最具争议的问题之一。本文在矽卡岩矿床复杂性和多成因性研究的基础上,对浅部铁质活化、迁移和富集机理进行整理归纳,建立了流程图;分别探讨了不同类矽卡岩型铁矿铁质的最大可能来源,认为与中酸性侵入体有关的该类铁矿,铁质主要源于浅部侵入岩;与酸性侵入体有关的该类铁矿,矿床附近的原始赋铁层位可能提供了大量铁质。但并非所有与酸性岩有关的此类铁床附近都存在赋铁地层,故本文对铁质深部来源的可能性进行了探讨,结合"岩浆矽卡岩-富碱侵入岩对"的概念,提出了全新的深部铁质活化、运移和富集的可能模式,即深部岩浆同化钙质岩石融离出的富铁矿浆上升并运移到浅部侵入岩与碳酸盐岩的接触带附近,与该系统中的热液相遇并反应,热液吸收矿浆中的铁质生成富铁的复合热液,后复合热液在接触带因物理化学条件的剧变而沉淀成矿。 相似文献
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铂族元素矿床研究的某些新进展及其对于四川找铂的启示 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来由于市场需要,国内外都开始新一轮的铂族元素矿床找矿工作并取得了新进展。这些进展突出地表现为在世界各地都有新的矿床、矿点发现,其中特提斯—喜马拉雅成矿带有可能成为一条新的铂族元素成矿带。在成矿理论方面,铂族元素的热液成矿机制和铂族元素在相对低温条件下通过热液作用的活化转移、重新成矿机制受到普遍关注。我国西南部地区的铂族元素矿床具有点多面广、类型多、时代多的特点,尤其是后期构造—热事件对于前期含矿构造层的影响非常明显,这一方面可能破坏了原有的含矿岩体使之支离破碎,但也因此可能形成富矿体。以PGE找铂的地球化学方法在使用时应考虑到具体的地质情况,高异常不见得有矿,低异常也不见得无矿。 相似文献
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Yasuhiro Kato 《Resource Geology》1999,49(4):183-198
Abstract: Systematic data of rare earth elements (REEs) are presented in order to put some constraints on the origin of hydrothermal fluids responsible for two contrastive skarn deposits in Japan; the Kamioka Zn-Pb and Yoshiwara-Sannotake Cu(-Fe) deposits. Carbon and oxygen isotopic studies have demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the Kamioka Zn-Pb deposits are of meteoric water origin whereas those for the Yoshiwara-Sannotake Cu(-Fe) deposits are of magmatic water origin. The REE abundances of epidote skarn derived from aluminous rocks, garnet and clinopyroxene in calcic exoskarn derived from limestone, and interstitial calcite associated with sulfide minerals were determined for these contrastive skarn deposits by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A significant difference in the REE concentrations is not found between epidote skarn and aluminous original rock (plagioclase-clinopyroxene rock, called Inishi rock) from the Kamioka Zn-Pb deposits, indicating that the REEs are generally immobile during the formation of epidote skarn, and that the REE concentrations of the hydrothermal fluid are considerably low relative to the aluminous original rock. In contrast, the epidote skarn exhibits enrichment of Eu with increasing total REE concentrations relative to the aluminous original rock (quartz diorite) in the Yoshiwara-Sannotake Cu(-Fe) deposits, implying a contribution of magmatic fluid derived from granitoids during the skarn formation. Limestone generally has much lower REE concentrations related to surrounding aluminous rocks, and thus the REE concentrations of garnet and clinopyroxene in calcic exoskarn, originated from limestone, are variable due to the interaction with the hydrothermal fluids. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of garnet, clinopyroxene, and interstitial calcite exactly provide useful information on origins of hydrothermal fluids. The REE patterns of these minerals from the Kamioka Zn-Pb deposits show lower (Pr/Yb)cn ratios, and negative Ce and Eu anomalies inherited from limestone with the decrease of This suggests that the hydrothermal fluids responsible for the Kamioka Zn-Pb deposits were depleted in REEs, and were not magmatic water in origin, but presumably meteoric one. In striking contrast, the REE patterns of exoskarn minerals and calcite from the Yoshiwara-Sannotake Cu(-Fe) deposits exhibit a positive Eu anomaly, and high (Pr/Yb)cn ratios with the considerable increase of σREE and the disappearance of negative Ce anomaly, implying that the fluids were dominantly of magmatic origin. The REE indices are very likely to be an excellent indicator to origins of the skarn deposits. 相似文献
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龙玛拉铅锌矿床是位于冈底斯成矿带之念青唐古拉铅锌成矿亚带东段的一个典型矽卡岩型矿床。前人对矿床成矿物质来源及演化、成岩-成矿时代、矿床形成动力学背景等方面进行过一定的研究, 但对矽卡岩矿物学及分带模式还缺乏系统的研究。为此, 本文通过详细的野外地质编录、系统的镜下鉴定和电子探针分析, 开展矽卡岩矿物组合、矿物成分及其分带特征研究。矿床矽卡岩矿物主要包括石榴子石、辉石、硅灰石、绿泥石和绿帘石等。矽卡岩矿物组合和化学成分在空间上具有明显的分带性。矽卡岩主要发育在角岩与大理岩接触带, 或沿裂隙充填在围岩中, 横向上显示了从褪色角岩→石榴子石矽卡岩→深色角岩→透辉石矽卡岩(矿体)→大理岩→角岩的分带特征。垂向上由顶板至底板表现出从角岩→石榴子石矽卡岩→透辉石矽卡岩→大理岩→石榴子石矽卡岩→透辉石矽卡岩→角岩的岩性分带特征。矿床石榴子石为钙铁-钙铝榴石类质同象系列(And7.92~88.63Gro5.92~86.46Pyr+Spe1.04~5.11), 端员组分变化范围较大, 表明矽卡岩的形成环境并不是完全封闭的体系。通过对铅锌主矿体的赋矿矽卡岩中石榴子石进行研究, 表明成矿流体是从矿区南西方向向北东方向运移就位形成主矿体, 为矿区寻找成矿岩体及深部找矿提供指导。 相似文献
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青海省都兰地区位于东昆仑成矿带东段、祁漫塔格-都兰构造岩浆带中,发育矽卡岩型铁多金属矿。本文基于详细的区域地质和矿床地质特征描述,总结了矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床的主要控矿因素、成矿规律和成矿模式,提出主要找矿标志。认为该类矿床大多产于中酸性花岗质侵入岩与寒武系一奥陶系滩间山群和石炭系地层接触带及外接触带部位,中-晚三叠世是... 相似文献