A review of the policies on the private colleges of China

One of the most important factors impacting the development of today's private higher education in China is that there are not enough policies to support it. Then, the history of private higher education in Nanjing Nationalist Government (1927–1949) is focused on.     

发展我国GIS高等教育的思考

简述了地理信息系统在我国高校的发展概况 ,作者对如何按照教育部的八字方针办好GIS专业作了具体阐述 ,其中包括 :需要有自身特色的支撑专业 ;严格的教学大纲和合理的课程安排 ;有雄厚的师资队伍。强调培养学生的实干和动手能力 ,大力培养掌握GIS的非GIS专业的人才。     

中国地理学类专业地图学教材建设回顾与思考

教材是教学过程的主要依据和学生学习的重要参考资料。我国近现代科学意义上的地图学教材建设已经历了近百年的里程,取得了显著的进步。当前地图学正处在一个快速发展和变化的历史时期,本文试图通过回顾和总结我国地图学教材建设过程中的优良经验和成果,分析和发现存在的主要问题,研讨改进地图学教材质量的途径和方法,以对编写出版适应学科进步、教育改革和社会发展需要的高水平教材提供参考。     

我国大陆高校地理信息系统教育发展与空间分异分析

地理信息系统自20世纪60年代发展以来,已在世界范周内产生深远影响。我国地理信息系统自80年代起步,在80年代中后期地理信息系统高等教育开始起步,经历二十几年的发展,在2000年前后进人发展快车道。当前我国大陆地区开展GIS教育的高校已经从最初的几所高校扩展到百余所。尽管大陆地区地理信息系统本科阶段教育已基本普及,但各地地理信息系统教育发展并不平衡,尤其是硕士、博士学位点分布集中有限几个省市区中。因此,针对当前地理信息系统教育发展局面,对制约其发展的主要影响因素进行分析,并考虑在此情形下我国大陆地区地理信息系统教育的发展趋势,有助于明确影响地理信息系统教育发展的主要凶素,更好地指导各省市区地理信息系统教育发展。     

基于注册测绘师的高职工程测量专业教学改革研究

注册测绘师制度的推行,对我国测绘行业人员提出了更高要求,为了适应新形势下国家对测绘人才培养的需求,高职工程测量专业进行教学改革迫在眉睫。从注册测绘师所要求的知识结构和专业能力入手分析,探讨了工程测量专业课程体系、实践教学、师资队伍、教学方法与手段、学生考核评价方式以及校企合作方式的教学改革,为高职工程测量人才培养提供了保障。     

成人高等教育地理信息系统专业人才培养模式研究

在成人高等教育改革中,培养模式研究是关键内容。本文提出了目前成人高等教育地理信息系统专业教育的现状和问题,分析了该专业人才的基本素质要求,并重点探讨了成人高等教育地理信息系统专业的培养模式。     

A review on the inter-frequency biases of GLONASS carrier-phase data

GLONASS ambiguity resolution (AR) between inhomogeneous stations requires correction of inter-frequency phase biases (IFPBs) (a “station” here is an integral ensemble of a receiver, an antenna, firmware, etc.). It has been elucidated that IFPBs as a linear function of channel numbers are not physical in nature, but actually originate in differential code-phase biases (DCPBs). Although IFPBs have been prevalently recognized, an unanswered question is whether IFPBs and DCPBs are equivalent in enabling GLONASS AR. Besides, general strategies for the DCPB estimation across a large network of heterogeneous stations are still under investigation within the GNSS community, such as whether one DCPB per receiver type (rather than individual stations) suffices, as tentatively suggested by the IGS (International GNSS Service), and what accuracy we are able to and ought to achieve for DCPB products. In this study, we review the concept of DCPBs and point out that IFPBs are only approximate derivations from DCPBs, and are potentially problematic if carrier-phase hardware biases differ by up to several millimeters across frequency channels. We further stress the station and observable specific properties of DCPBs which cannot be thoughtlessly ignored as conducted conventionally. With 212 days of data from 200 European stations, we estimated DCPBs per stations by resolving ionosphere-free ambiguities of \(\sim \)5.3 cm wavelengths, and compared them to the presumed truth benchmarks computed directly with L1 and L2 data on ultra-short baselines. On average, the accuracy of our DCPB products is around 0.7 ns in RMS. According to this uncertainty estimates, we could unambiguously confirm that DCPBs can typically differ substantially by up to 30 ns among receivers of identical types and over 10 ns across different observables. In contrast, a DCPB error of more than 6 ns will decrease the fixing rate of ionosphere-free ambiguities by over 20 %, due to their smallest frequency spacing and highest sensitivity to DCPB errors. Therefore, we suggest that (1) the rigorous DCPB model should be implemented instead of the classic, but inaccurate IFPB model; (2) DCPBs of sub-ns accuracy can be achieved over a large network by efficiently resolving ionosphere-free ambiguities; (3) DCPBs should be estimated and applied on account of their station and observable specific properties, especially for ambiguities of short wavelengths.     

A scoping review on the multiplicity of scale in spatial analysis

Journal of Geographical Systems - Scale is a central concept in the geographical sciences and is an intrinsic property of many spatial systems. It also serves as an essential thread in the fabric...     

我国卫星导航应用市场分析

分析了中国卫星导航定位产业特征，并用波特五力分析模型对卫星导航定位产业吸引力进行了分析，得出该产业是颇具吸引力的朝阳产业，该产业中的利益各方正处于从无序到有序的发展过程中的结论；指出了制约产业发展的三大问题和两大发展方向.     

我国地理信息系统网站一瞥

随着互联网络的迅速发展与逐步成熟,涌现出一大批提供各种网络服务、产品说明、技术支持和进行学术交流与教学的地理信息系统网站,文章概述了我国地理信息系统网站的发展,对GIS网站类型与功能进行了归纳,提供了国内具有较大影响的GIS热点网站。并在此基础上,对发展中存在的问题与解决方案提出了建议。     

地理信息系统支持下的中国粮食生产潜力研究

在地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）及全国农业空间数据库和属性数据库的支持下,在前人关于农业生产潜力研究的基础上进行了全国粮食生产潜力的研究。作者首先论述粮食生产潜力研究进展,探讨了基于ＧＩＳ的粮食生产潜力研究方法;然后,就粮食生产潜力的土壤有效系数、土地生产潜力和社会有效系数、社会生产潜力提出了新型的计算模型,并应用机制法通过光、温、水、土、社逐级衰减,具体计算了全国分组粮食生产潜力;最后,针计算结果与实现     

A review on the oil & gas prospects of the bengal basin based on photogeomorphological studies

The Bengal basin is a pericratonal basin and holds large thickness of Sediments since the Jurassic to the Recent times. Several wells have been drilled on the stable shelf part of this basin. The geological picture looks encouraging but no oil or gas has been discovered. Structural downwarping in the basin is envisaged during the Miocene times by earlitr workers. Neotectonic movements should have produced new structures which could be reflected on the surface. Geomorphological studies based on aerial photos revealed an ancient shoreline (strandline) in the Hooghly delta to the south of Calcutta. This Strandline is associated with ancient levees, old Channels and morphostructures and opens up a new venue for strandline pool exploration for oil or gas in the Bengal basin.     

光学遥感三维计算机模拟模型的研究进展与应用

三维计算机模拟模型是遥感辐射传输机理研究的重要内容,在复杂地表正向模拟和遥感反演中扮演着重要角色.经过最近20年的发展,三维计算机建模研究取得了显著进展,在地表辐射传输过程分析、模型和算法的验证及遥感反演等方面应用广泛.为了更加充分理解三维计算机模拟模型的发展和模型间的差异,及探讨如何将其更好的应用于生活、生产,本文对...     

Remote sensing of alpine lake water environment changes on the Tibetan Plateau and surroundings: A review

Alpine lakes on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are key indicators of climate change and climate variability. The increasing availability of remote sensing techniques with appropriate spatiotemporal resolutions, broad coverage and low costs allows for effective monitoring lake changes on the TP and surroundings and understanding climate change impacts, particularly in remote and inaccessible areas where there are lack of in situ observations. This paper firstly introduces characteristics of Tibetan lakes, and outlines available satellite observation platforms and different remote sensing water-body extraction algorithms. Then, this paper reviews advances in applying remote sensing methods for various lake environment monitoring, including lake surface extent and water level, glacial lake and potential outburst floods, lake ice phenology, geological or geomorphologic evidences of lake basins, with a focus on the trends and magnitudes of lake area and water-level change and their spatially and temporally heterogeneous patterns. Finally we discuss current uncertainties or accuracy of detecting lake area and water-level changes from multi-source satellite data and on-going challenges in mapping characteristics of glacial lakes using remote sensing. Based on previous studies on the relationship between lake variation and climate change, it is inferred that the climate-driven mechanisms of lake variations on the TP still remain unclear and require further research.     

浅析我国公开地图上国界线附近地名注记的表示方法

我国国界线附近的地名标注涉及行政地名、自然地名、历史地名、国外地名、少数民族地名等,其标注形式多种多样。本文在研究当前我国关于公开地图上地名表示相关规定的基础上,提出了公开地图上边界线附近地名的标注不仅应考虑地图编制方面的要求,更应注重地名的政治导向、历史由来及少数民族语言翻译标准等多方面因素。     

基于1:25万DEM数据库的参考图晕渲的研制

分析我国1:25万DEM数据库的结构和实用化的方法.在此基础上,对全国1:25万DEM数据进行数据格式转换、压缩、分层设色、图片生成、图片拼接、图片处理、要素添加,研制出全国普通参考晕渲图.     

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF OCEAN TIDE MODELS OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA FROM T/P ALTIMETRY

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A preliminary study on the establishment of ocean tide models over the South China Sea from T/P altimetry

On the basis of the characteristic of the perfect spatial distribution of the T/P altimeter data, a spatial harmonic tidal analysis is performed, which transfers tidal harmonic constantsH andg of each constituent into a pair of parameters: the cosine part U and sine partV. And each part is expanded into a polynomial. The polynomial coefficients are estimated with altimeter data upon the least squares criteria. Thus the models of principal tidal waves in the South China Sea are established. 72 cycles of T/P data from cycle 11 through 82 are included in the calculation. The models are evaluated with different approaches and data set. The conclusions are that the tide modes can provide partial tide amplitudes with 3 cm accuracy, and that phase lags deviation of those tides with amplitude large than 10 cm are within ±10°.     

浅谈第二次土地调查统一时点变更的技术方法

统一时点变更是第二次土地调查的收官工作,也是确保第二次调查成果质量的重要环节。做好统一时点变更工作对保证第二次土地调查成果的现势性有重要意义。本文结合实践,对统一时点变更的技术方法进行了讨论,为开展统一时点变更工作及日后年度变更调查提供参考。     

西秦岭金矿化带中土壤与岩石实验室光谱相关性研究

通过西秦岭金矿化带中土壤与岩石实验室光谱的相关性分析与研究。探索该区表层壤覆盖条件下应用遥感信息寻找金矿床。研究表明,土壤与岩石两者光谱之间有很高的正相关性,并且在谱形上亦有相似性,使得利用该地区土壤光谱特征从遥感信息中提取出土壤覆盖层下的岩石光谱特征成为可能,为这种遥感技术找矿方法提供依据。