New age data on the magmatic rocks from the western sector of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt

New age data are reported for the magmatic rocks from the western flank of the Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belt consisting of the Ul’ya and Kuidusun volcanic zones. Four U-Pb SHRIMP zircon dates within 106-90 Ma were obtained for the upper part of the Emanrin Formation and the lower part of the Ul’ya Group of the Ul’ya volcanic zone. Large Verkhneallakh and Atarbai subvolcanic intrusions from the Kuidusun volcanic zone were dated using the Rb-Sr method at 115–107 Ma and 85 Ma, respectively. U-Pb dating of zircon microsamples from adamellites and diorites of the Sizindzha Massif yielded, respectively, ages of 91 and 90 Ma. New geochronological data indicate that the Selitkan-Sungari and Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanogenic belts are coeval and can be united in a common Okhotsk-Sungari system of volcanic belts and zones (megabelt).     

甘肃马鬃山地区新元古代变质沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其对北山造山带沉积底界的限定

<正>1研究目的（Objective）作为前寒武纪基底明水—旱山微陆块的演化过程对于重建中亚造山带构造演化历史具有重要意义,由于后期多期次造山和岩浆活动影响,造成明水—旱山微陆块前寒武纪地质演化研究相对薄弱,前人多将区域上前寒武纪变质程度较高的岩石称为“敦煌岩群”或“北山岩群”,该套变质岩组合受多期俯冲造山及陆内造山活动,变质变形强烈,岩石分布零散,接触关系不清晰,多以断层接触,根据《甘肃省岩石地层》和《甘肃省地质志》,     

阿尔泰造山带喀纳斯群变质碎屑岩地球化学特征及年代学研究

喀纳斯群为一套巨厚的中低压型浅变质碎屑岩系,主要由片岩、片麻岩、变质砂岩等组成,其形成时代未有统一的认识,致使阿尔泰构造带的构造演化过程争议较大。对喀纳斯群变质岩进行原岩恢复,认为该套变质岩为副变质岩,考虑到变质碎屑岩的成岩物质继承母岩特征和变质程度的影响,利用碎屑岩研究方法对元素地球化学特征进行探讨,显示出喀纳斯群变质碎屑岩原岩形成环境以大陆岛弧为主,兼有活动大陆边缘的特征,CIA、ICV指数反应出原岩经历了相对温暖、湿润的风化作用,成熟度较低。锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,最年轻的锆石年龄集中在(500±3.0)Ma,代表喀纳斯群的上限年龄,认为该套地层形成于晚寒武世晚期之前,为一套形成于大陆岛弧或活动大陆边缘的复理石建造。新元古代青白口纪初期基底裂解事件,暗示着阿尔泰构造带存在前寒武纪大陆地壳基底。     

New U-Pb titanite age data on the rocks from the Karelian craton and the Belomorian mobile belt, Fennoscandian Shield

We test the possibility of applying titanite as indicator of the boundaries between the Belomorian mobile belt and the Karelian craton of the Fennoscandian Shield. U-Pb isotope dating established wide variations of titanite ages in the Belomorian mobile belt and the Karelian craton. The titanites from the Karelian craton are mainly Archean in age (2.52–2.86 Ga), whereas the Belomorian mobile belt contains, with few exceptions, Paleoproterozoic titanites (1.74–1.95 Ga). In the Karelian craton, the age of titanite, in general, records the cratonization of the Earth’s crust (2.8 Ga and 2.6–2.7 Ga, respectively). In the Belomorian mobile belt, it presumably reflects the timing of the exhumation of tectonic nappes from the mid-crustal depths during the collisional stage of the evolution of the Lapland-Kola orogen.     

湖南城步火成岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其对江南造山带新元古代构造演化的约束

目前对新元古代中期江南造山带构造演化及钦杭结合带南西段构造性质存在不同认识。本文对湘西南城步地区新元古代火山岩和花岗岩进行了锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄测定并厘定其构造环境,从而为区域构造演化提供了约束。城步新元古代花岗岩侵入于云场里组变质火山-沉积地层中。云场里组变质火山岩与花岗岩的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄分别为828±10Ma和805.7±9.2Ma。构造环境的地球化学判别图解表明花岗岩形成于岛弧环境;区域地质背景指示云场里组可能形成于活动陆缘弧前盆地。以城步火山岩和花岗岩研究为基础,结合区域地质资料,提出新元古代中期江南造山带西段构造演化过程:872～835Ma期间为陆缘盆地;835～820Ma期间俯冲造山,江南造山带形成基性—超基性岩和早阶段岛弧花岗闪长岩,东侧的城步地区为弧前盆地;820～810Ma期间江南造山带发生弧-陆碰撞;810～800Ma期间江南造山带进入后碰撞环境并形成晚阶段强过铝(黑云母)花岗岩,东侧城步地区因华南洋洋壳俯冲而形成新的岛弧;800Ma后华南进入伸展裂陷盆地演化阶段。上述认识揭示出扬子陆块东南缘的连续岛弧增生过程,同时为钦杭结合带南西段雪峰期"残留洋盆"属性提供了新证据。     

滇西哀牢山构造带变质岩系LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

为厘定哀牢山岩群的时代和大地构造归属,选取哀牢山岩群中的花岗质片麻岩(SM-15)、花岗闪长质片麻岩(SM-22)、同变形的花岗质岩脉(SM-18)及紧邻哀牢山岩群的变质砂岩(NO-1)为研究对象,运用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法对其进行定年。结果显示,样品SM-15中有岩浆锆石和变质锆石2类,岩浆锆石的年龄集中于722~740Ma之间,变质锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为29.9±0.5Ma。样品SM-22中2组~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值,原岩年龄为232.3±4.3Ma;后期变质重结晶年龄为29.2±0.4Ma。样品SM-18中锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为27.19±0.36Ma,代表变质年龄。样品NO-1中的碎屑锆石年龄分4组:246~276Ma、600~800Ma、800~1000Ma和1000Ma以上。以上年龄数据表明,哀牢山岩群中至少包括元古宙岩浆岩(722~740Ma)、二叠纪末—三叠纪初岩浆岩或地层(235~255Ma),以及新近纪岩浆岩(27~32Ma),是一个复杂的变质岩带,而不是以往认为的全部属于元古宙扬子地台的结晶基底。哀牢山岩群的主变质时代集中在27~32Ma之间,哀牢山岩群现今的面貌主要在这一时期成型。     

滇西云县地区团梁子岩组变质岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

滇西云县—景洪一带广泛出露的中元古界团梁子岩组是一套与扬子基底岩系密切相关的中低变质沉积岩夹火山岩系,其形成时代、沉积充填序列及大地构造属性一直存在争议。出露于云县漫湾地区的团梁子岩组发育厚数米的绿片岩(原岩玄武岩)及绢云石英千枚岩(原岩流纹岩)。采集绢云石英千枚岩样品进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,分别获得1497±14Ma的岩浆结晶年龄和893±17.3Ma、425±15.7Ma、321±27Ma的变质年龄。认为团梁子岩组中以绿片岩、绢云石英千枚岩为主体的原始沉积岩系形成于中元古代中期,在新元古代全球性的格林威尔造山过程中被青白口纪花岗岩侵入并发生变质作用;在古特提斯洋俯冲过程中,经历古生代造弧作用;同时还获单颗粒2310±15Ma的碎屑锆石,推测滇西云县地区应存在古元古代的结晶基底,由此可知,团梁子岩组应是扬子陆块褶皱基底岩系的组成部分。     

New geochronological data on metamorphic and igneous rocks from the Gridino Village area (Belomorian eclogitic province)

Doklady Earth Sciences -     

北山造山带南缘北山杂岩的锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究

北山造山带是中亚造山带的重要组成部分,大量高级变质岩在北山造山带多个构造单元(地块)中广泛分布,被认为是造山带的前寒武纪基底,以往统称为"北山杂岩"。但是,对这些基底岩石的形成时代、来源与归属,以及是否经历了与造山作用过程相关的变质作用等问题的认识仍不清楚。本文对位于造山带南缘,即石板山地块的石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩及其中长英质脉体进行了锆石U-Pb定年及Hf同位素研究。分析结果表明石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩都具有~880Ma的原岩结晶年龄和~295Ma的变质作用年龄;白墩子长英质脉体的形成年龄与片麻岩的变质年龄一致,为~295Ma。此外,白墩子片麻岩及长英质脉体的锆石还记录了更晚一期270~280Ma的变质作用。石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩中原岩结晶锆石的初始¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf值为0.282063~0.282291,ε_Hf(t)为-6.3~2.2,t_DM2分布于1.62~2.14Ga之间,表明其原岩的岩浆可能起源于古元古代地壳的部分熔融并有新生物质的贡献。这反映了北山造山带南缘可能并不存在太古代的地壳基底,即北山造山带南缘的石板山地块并不是前人所认为的属于敦煌地块的一部分。石板墩斜长角闪岩、白墩子片麻岩中的变质成因锆石初始¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf值明显高于原岩岩浆锆石,反映了它们不是由原岩锆石改造形成,而是熔体中的新生锆石,代表了一次~295Ma的深熔事件。这也得到了白墩子片麻岩中发育同时期长英质脉体的支持。我们认为这一~295Ma的深熔作用事件可能形成于后碰撞的伸展构造环境。     

Nature and age of metamorphic rocks from the basement of the West Siberian megabasin (according to U-Pb isotopic dates)

The SHRIMP-II zircon U-Pb dates for metamorphic rocks from the West Siberian basement are determined for the first time. It is established that the major protolith of the metamorphic strata from the Shaimsk-Kuznetsovsk meganticlinorium is composed of sedimentary Late- and Middle-Devonian rocks (395–398 Ma). It is likely that the greywackes, whose strata were mainly formed under erosion of ophiolitic rocks, served as a substrate for the metamorphic rocks. The metamorphic transformations of the rocks occurred under conditions of greenschist and occasionally lower amphibolite facies of metamorphism during the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period.     

秦岭造山带南缘荞麦冲金矿床正长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

秦岭造山带南缘存在大片的早古生代基性火山岩,荞麦冲金矿的正长斑岩脉体呈北西向侵入基性火山岩地层中。本文通过对该正长斑岩脉体中的岩浆岩锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年、元素地球化学以及Hf同位素研究,探讨正长斑岩脉体的侵入时代、岩石成因和地球动力学背景。锆石U-Pb定年结果:正长斑岩脉体的侵入时代可以分为2期,相对应的2件正长斑岩锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值分别为(415±7)Ma、(477±6)Ma,前者属于晚志留世时期,后者为寒武纪到早奥陶世时期。地球化学特征上显示具较高的Si O2含量(75%),里特曼指数δ=1.59,高Al低Ti的特点,Eu和Sr具有明显负异常,为钙碱性脉体。正长斑岩的Hf同位素检测结果得到εHf(t)全部为正值,其变化范围较大(3.4~11.8),说明岩浆主要来自亏损地幔,个别εHf(t)异常,推断岩浆上侵过程中混入少量地壳物质,从而显示壳幔混合特征。在基性岩的地球化学表现为稀土总量很高(∑REE=149.62×10-6~321.55×10-6),轻稀土强烈富集型,呈现出高度分异的特点。研究表明,在早古生代时期,区域上为板内裂解的构造环境,使软流圈地幔上涌冷凝形成基性岩地层,正长斑岩脉体在侵入基性岩形成过程,从地壳深部的Au带入地壳表层,为地层Au的预富集,后期剪切成矿作用提供了Au的物质来源;正长斑岩脉体形成时代的厘定,确定了该区金源层形成时代,对后期金的富集具有重要意义。     

三江造山带兰坪盆地东缘火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素组成

青藏高原东南缘"三江"复合造山带南、北两段发育若干火山-岩浆岩带,随着火山岩年代学、地球化学数据的积累,其时空关系渐趋清晰。但由于中-新生界沉积覆盖,这些火山岩带向南常终止于兰坪盆地附近,致使火山岩时空构架不明。兰坪盆地东部弥沙地区出露盆地基底岩石,由两个构造层组成,上部为碎屑岩及生物碎屑灰岩,下部出现大量火山碎屑物质。含火山岩段出露厚约150m,可分为三个喷发-沉积韵律,由流纹质熔结凝灰岩、晶屑岩屑熔结凝灰岩组成的火山碎屑岩与紫红、灰黑色泥岩、大理岩组成的沉积岩相间组成。火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb数据表明,岩浆活动始于或早于258Ma,一直持续到248Ma。锆石原位Lu-Hf分析结果显示,早期岩浆包含较多幔源物质,而晚期岩浆则几乎完全由古老地壳局部熔融形成。本文提供的新数据表明,兰坪盆地东缘火山岩与三江造山带其它地区古特提斯洋俯冲阶段火山岩具有一致的年代学组成、相同的Hf同位素变化规律,可能属于发育在扬子板块西缘之上江达-维西-云县弧火山岩带。     

桐柏-大别造山带南缘中侏罗世基性岩的发现及其构造意义——来自锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素证据

桐柏-大别造山带南缘大洪山地区出露一套变质辉长辉绿岩脉,该岩脉沿襄樊-广济断裂带侵入到大洪山造山带增生杂岩之中,本文采用锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS定年方法,获得了该变质辉长辉绿岩脉的岩浆锆石年龄为163±3 Ma,代表岩脉的侵位结晶年龄,是目前桐柏-大别造山带已知最早的造山后晚中生代岩浆活动记录之一,表明桐柏-大别造山带南缘晚中生代岩浆活动开始于中侏罗世晚期,与北大别地区初始深融作用时间相当,比早白垩世大规模岩浆活动的峰期(~130 Ma)早约30 Ma。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示eHf(t)值为+5.8~+10.8(平均值为+9.7±0.7),对应的单阶段Hf模式年龄t_(DM1)为387~595Ma(平均值为434±29Ma),明显大于岩脉成岩年龄,表明岩浆源区主要来自于亏损地幔,亏损地幔为早古生代伸展过程的产物。结合区域研究资料,163±3 Ma是桐柏-大别碰撞造山带南缘中生代陆-陆碰撞后最古老的岩浆岩年龄之一,与大别造山带山根软化的时代一致,可能代表桐柏-大别造山带由挤压环境向伸展环境的初始转换时间,据此认为桐柏-大别造山带从山根软化到大规模伸展垮塌间隔-30Ma,地幔经历了亏损-富集的转化过程。     

Travel time of accreted igneous assemblages in western Pacific orogenic belts and their associated sedimentary rocks

Accreted igneous assemblages in orogenic belts maybe divided into three types depending on whether they derive from seamounts, ocean ridges or subduction-related ophiolites. Seamount type basalts are associated with shallow water sediments—mostly reefoidal limestones. Ocean ridge type basalts are generally overlain by pelagic cherts. Subduction-related ophiolitic eruptives, often underlain by gabbroic and ultramafic rocks, are associated with hemipelagic mudstones. The age of such diverse eruptive lithologic assemblages reflects the time taken for them to have traveled from their locus of generation to their place of accretion at a continental margin. This relationship has been established for each type of accretionary complex, examples being taken mostly from Japan and the western Pacific rim in order to represent evolutionary processes at a typical active plate margin. In general, the seamount types are older, ridge types are of intermediate age, and the ophiolitic types are by far the youngest, usually close to zero age. Seamount type basalts are accreted by shallower scraping of the seamount's sediment apron together with fragments of seamount basalt, ridge type, by peeling due to permeability contrast, and the ophiolitic types by deeper scraping as a consequence of an inflected temperature gradient. Accordingly, it is concluded that the ophiolitic rocks are generated close to the trench and may be accreted as a result of ridge subduction.     

东准噶尔西缘晚古生代火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及构造意义

白碱沟和帐篷沟剖面位于东准噶尔西缘,出露有大量古生代火山岩,是研究东准噶尔古生代火山岩及构造演化的有利区域.本文利用LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年法和Hf同位素系统对该区中的玄武岩、玄武质安山岩、流纹岩、角斑岩以及少量的凝灰岩和正长斑岩进行了地质年代学研究,认为它们形成于早泥盆世至晚石炭世之间(400～307...     

阿尔泰地区玛因鄂博蛇绿岩的地质特征及其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄

新疆富蕴县西部出露一套变质基性火山岩,主要岩性为斜长角闪岩,呈透镜状分布,是古生代增生混杂岩带的组成部分。地球化学特征表明,其具有典型的大洋拉斑玄武岩(N-MORB型玄武岩)的地球化学特点。运用LA-ICP-MS方法,对斜长角闪岩中的锆石进行了U-Th-Pb同位素分析。测年结果显示,斜长角闪岩的形成时代为437Ma±12Ma,为早志留世。对玛因鄂博蛇绿岩的研究为进一步探讨斋桑-额尔齐斯蛇绿构造岩带、建立该区古生代构造格架、讨论其地质演化史提供了新的资料依据。     

阿尔泰地区玛因鄂博蛇绿岩的地质特征及其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄

新疆富蕴县西部出露一套变质基性火山岩,主要岩性为斜长角闪岩,呈透镜状分布,是古生代增生混杂岩带的组成部分。地球化学特征表明,其具有典型的大洋拉斑玄武岩(N-MORB型玄武岩)的地球化学特点。运用LA-ICP-MS方法,对斜长角闪岩中的锆石进行了U-Th-Pb同位素分析。测年结果显示,斜长角闪岩的形成时代为437Ma±12Ma,为早志留世。对玛因鄂博蛇绿岩的研究为进一步探讨斋桑-额尔齐斯蛇绿构造岩带、建立该区古生代构造格架、讨论其地质演化史提供了新的资料依据。     

HP metamorphic belt of the western Alps

The understanding of the subduction-related processes benefited by the studies of the high-pressure (HP) meta-morphic rocks from the western Alps. The most stimu-lating information was obtained from the inner part of the western Alpine belt, where most tectonic units show an early Alpine eclogite-facies recrystallisation. This is especially true for the Austroalpine Sesia Zone and the Penninic Dora-Maira massif. From the Sesia zone,which consists of a wide spectrum of continental crust lithologies recrystallised to quartz-eclogite-facies min-eral assemblages, the first finding of a jadeite-bearingmeta-granitoid has been described, supporting evidencethat even continental crust may subduct into the mantle.From the Dora-Maira massif the first occurrence of regional metamorphic coesite has been reported, open-ing the new fertile field of the ultrahigh-pressure meta-morphism (UHPM), which is now becoming the rule in the collisional orogenic belts.