Sedimentation History of Neogene Lacustrine Sediments of Sueoka Bela Stena Based on Geochemical Parameters(Valjevo-Mionica Basin,Serbia)

Sediments of the western part of the Valjevo-Mionica basin(Serbia)were examined both geochemically and mineralogically to explain,on the basis of their sedimentologicai characteristics,the causes of changes in their qualitative and quantitative composition.A total of 62 samples obtained from the drilihole at depths up to 400 m was investigated.Using correlation of the obtained data,six geochemical zones were defined,two of which being specially distinguished by their mineralogical, geochemical and sedimentological characteristics.The first one,upper zone A,consists of banded marlstones interbedded with clay and oil shales and is characterized by presence of analcite and searlesite.These minerals and very high contents of Na_2O indicate sedimentation in alkaline conditions with increased salinity in arid climate.That provided pronounced water stratification,as well as higher bioproductivity in the basin and sedimentary organic matter preservation.Therefore,the zone A sediments are characterized by high organic matter contents of the type which provides good potential for production of liquid hydrocarbons.Another specific zone,zone F,contains sediments with very high MgO,K_2O and Li concentrations.Their geochemical correlation,as well as almost complete absence of illite in this zone,indicates the presence of interstratified clay mineral type illite-saponite (lithium-bearing Mg-smectite).     

Sedimentation History of Neogene Lacustrine Sediments of Su?eo?ka Bela Stena Based on Geochemical Parameters (Valjevo-Mionica Basin, Serbia)

Sediments of the western part of the Valjevo-Mionica basin （Serbia） were examined both geochemically and mineralogically to explain, on the basis of their sedimentologicai characteristics, the causes of changes in their qualitative and quantitative composition. A total of 62 samples obtained from the drillhole at depths up to 400 m was investigated. Using correlation of the obtained data, six geochemical zones were defined, two of which being specially distinguished by their mineralogical, geochemical and sedimentological characteristics. The first one, upper zone A, consists of banded marlstones interbedded with clay and oil shales and is characterized by presence of analcite and searlesite. These minerals and very high contents of Na20 indicate sedimentation in alkaline conditions with increased salinity in arid climate. That provided pronounced water stratification, as well as higher bioproductivity in the basin and sedimentary organic matter preservation. Therefore, the zone A sediments are characterized by high organic matter contents of the type which provides good potential for production of liquid hydrocarbons. Another specific zone, zone F, contains sediments with very high MgO, K2O and Li concentrations. Their geochemical correlation, as well as almost complete absence of illite in this zone, indicates the presence of interstratified clay mineral type illite-saponite （lithium-bearing Mg-smectite）.     

Grain size and geochemistry of surface sediments in northwestern continental shelf of the South China Sea

Eighty-six surface sediments collected from the northwestern continental shelf of the South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed for grain size distribution, calcium carbonate, organic carbon, and major and trace element compositions to investigate sediment provenance and factors controlling their geochemical composition. Sediments from the eastern continental shelf of Hainan Island have higher sand and lower clay content, while the samples from the nearshore Hainan Island have higher contents of gravel and clay. Calcium carbonate contents in samples show a positive correlation with water depth in northwestern shelf of SCS, suggesting that it is related to biological factors. However, the nearshore sediments have higher contents of organic carbon compared to those of the outer shelf, possibly suggesting that the terrigenous organic matter usually deposited in nearshore environments such as bays and estuaries. Compared with the upper continental crust, the samples have relatively lower contents of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃, higher than those of the Pearl and Red river sediments. The low contents of K₂O and Na₂O in sediments from the northwestern continental shelf are consistent with intense chemical weathering in the river basin due to the seasonally hot and humid climate regime. The sediments mainly consist of three components, including the gravel fraction composed of calcareous debris, the sand fraction composed of quartz, and the silt and clay fractions mainly composed of clay minerals. The content of each component depends on grain size, sediment source, biogenesis, and hydrodynamic conditions, which finally controls the chemical composition of the sediments. The distributions of Co/Al₂O₃, Cr/Al₂O₃, and Zr/Sc ratios for sediments in the northwestern continental shelf suggest that source rocks are mainly composed of felsic rocks rather than mafic rocks. There is a distinct difference in sediment source between eastern and western shelf sediments; the eastern shelf sediments are characterized by high Zr/Sc ratios mainly derived from the Pearl River, while the western shelf sediments have relatively low values of Zr/Sc indicating a main contribution possibly sourced from the Red River Basin. Terrigenous materials from Hainan Island usually influence the geochemistry of sediments deposited in the nearshore area.     

Elemental and organic geochemistry of Gondwana sediments from the Krishna–Godavari Basin,India

Elemental and organic geochemical studies have been carried out on the Gondwana sediments, collected from the outcrops of Permian and Jurassic–Cretaceous rocks in the Krishna–Godavari basin on the eastern coast of India, to understand their paleo and depositional environment and its implications for hydrocarbon generation in the basin. Amongst the studied formations, the Raghavapuram, Gollapalli and Tirupati form a dominant Cretaceous Petroleum System in the west of the basin. Raghavapuram shales and its stratigraphic equivalents are the source rock and Gollapalli and Tirupati sandstones form the reservoirs, along with basaltic Razole formation as the caprock. Major element systematics and X-ray diffraction study of the sandstones indicate them to be variably enriched with SiO₂ relative to Al₂O₃ and CaO, which is associated, inherently with the deposition and diagenesis of the Gondwana sediments. Post-Archean Average Shale normalized rare earth elements in shales show enrichment in most of the samples due to the increasing clay mineral and organic matter assemblage. A negative europium and cerium anomaly is exhibited by the REE's in majority of rocks. Composed primarily of quartz grains and silica cement, the Gollapalli and Tirupati sandstones have characteristics of high quality reservoirs. The shales show a significant increase in the concentration of redox sensitive trace elements, Ni, V, Cr, Ba and Zn. The total organic carbon content of the shales ranges between 0.1 and 0.5 wt%. Programmed pyrolysis of selected samples show the Tmax values to range between 352–497 °C and that of hydrogen index to be between 57–460 mgHC/gTOC. The organic matter is characterized by, mainly, gas prone Type III kerogen. The n-alkane composition is dominated by n-C₁₁–C₁₈ and acyclic isoprenoid, phytane. The aromatic fraction shows the presence of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, chrysene and their derivatives, resulting largely from the diagenetic alteration of precursor terpenoids. The organic geochemical proxies indicate the input of organic matter from near-shore terrestrial sources and its deposition in strongly reducing, low oxygen conditions. The organic matter richness and maturity derived from a favorable depositional setting has its bearing upon the Gondwana sediments globally, and also provides promising exploration opportunities, particularly in the Raghavapuram sequence of the KG basin.     

Organic geochemistry of Recent equatorial deltaic sediments

The organic matter of recent deltaic sediments cored in the Mahakam delta, East Kalimantan, has been studied before and after physical fractionation into sands >50 μm, silts 5–50 μm and clays <5 μm. Both the lipid and non-lipid components have been investigated.Weight, carbon and nitrogen fractionation budgets were used to define three types of samples, depending on coarse particle contributions to the total amount of organic matter: a = a first type with more than 50% of the O.M. in the coarse particles, high C/N ratios and O.M. content, b = an intermediary type with medium C/N ratios and O.M. content, each fraction having quite the same O.M. content, c = a third type with less than 5% of the whole O.M. in the sands and the lowest C/N ratios and O.M. content.Concerning the global organic characteristics of the fractions, a systematic increase of C/N ratios occurs when going from clays to sands; the finer the fraction is, the more nitrogenous the compounds are. This enrichment in nitrogen is related to a persistent high rate of hydrolysable material either for argillaceous organic matter-poor sediments or for the clay fractions of all types of samples. Conversely, the type (a) coarse sediments, in particular the sandy components were resistant to acid hydrolysis with burial.Concerning the geochemical markers signatures of granulometric fractions, the distribution patterns of n-alkanes and n-fatty acids are characterized by the predominance of high molecular weight compounds >C₂₂. Carbon preference index (CPI) values are higher in the sands and silts, reflecting their enrichment in continentally-derived vegetation debris. For type (c), the fractionation revealed markers of microbial activity within the clay fractions. For all types of samples, we observed an increase with burial of the n-alkane and n-fatty acid concentrations, particularly in the clay fractions, suggesting possibly a better preservation and/or affinity of lipids with the finest fractions.     

Geochemical records of the sediments and their significance in Dongping Lake Area,the lower reach of Yellow River,North China

Dongping Lake area, located in the lower reaches of Yellow River, is an ideal place to study the changes of modern river and lake sedimentary environment. The sediment samples of Dawen River, Yellow River, and Dongping Lake were collected, and the major elements, trace elements and organic matter geochemical composition of the samples were analyzed. Cluster analysis, characteristic element ratio method and graphic method were used to explore the geochemical characteristics of sediments and their environmental implication. The results show that the contents of SiO_2, Na_2O, TiO_2 and Zr in sediments of Dawen River and Yellow River are relatively high, and the contents of iron and manganese oxides, organic matter, CaO, P_2O_5 and Sr in lake sediments are relatively high. That reveals the differences of sedimentary environments between the rivers and the lake. The contents of Sr and Zr in Dawen River are affected by the rapid migration of clastic materials in the upstream carbonate source area during the flood season; the δCe,ΣREE and REE's ratios in the sediments of the Yellow River reflect the influence of the Loess source; and the distribution of elements changes along the flow direction during the flood season. The characteristics of p H, element composition and LREE HREE fractionation of the lake sediments indicate that the sediment source is complex, and the lake environment is affected by the flood season. The study shows that the geochemical content and its variation characteristics of sediments effectively reveal the sedimentary environment, material composition and characteristics of flood season of rivers and the lake in the study area.     

珠江三角洲第四纪沉积物Cd元素的分布特征及成因

根据珠江三角洲平原区44个钻孔揭示的第四系,对晚更新世以来沉积物的地球化学特征进行了系统分析,结合沉积物粒度,探讨了珠江三角洲平原区第四纪沉积物Cd的分布特征、高含量来源及迁移富集规律。研究结果表明：①珠江三角洲第四纪沉积物的Cd含量地区差异较大,西江、北江冲积区为主要富集区,而潭江和东江冲积区为背景区。②物质来源、沉积物粒度、沉积环境与有机质含量共同影响了珠江三角洲第四纪沉积物Cd的含量分布,西江、北江冲积区受控于富Cd的泥盆系、石炭系砂页岩,而东江、潭江冲积区主要由贫Cd的燕山期花岗岩等限定;沉积物平均粒径（φ值）与Cd含量存在显著正相关关系;另外,温暖湿润、海陆交互作用强烈的沉积环境与富含有机质的地区有利于Cd的聚积富集。③西江、北江流域相对富Cd岩石风化的产物,特别是具高强度Cd含量的铅锌多金属矿区,是西江、北江冲积区Cd高含量的主要来源。④珠江三角洲第四纪沉积物Cd的高含量区分成西江、北江西北部和东南濒海两大片区,究其原因,前者由区域发育的铅锌多金属矿控制,后者则受海陆交互作用沉积环境的影响。     

Source potential of the upper Jurassic rocks of the Barents Sea petroleum basin

A preliminary assessment of the source potential of the Jurassic section was obtained using organic geochemical data on samples collected from outcrops on Franz Josef Land and Svalbard archipelagoes as well as boreholes in the Barents Sea basin. The presence of organic-rich shale units with good source potential was reported for the first time within the studied section of Early to Middle Jurassic age, along with well-documented Upper Jurassic source rocks. The study provides an assessment of regional variations in the kerogen type, hydrocarbon generation potential, and maturation of organic matter from Jurassic sediments.     

沉积物不同提取态有机物特征及水文地球化学意义——以河套盆地典型研究区为例

地下水系统中有机物（OM）特征和活性对于地下水化学特征的形成和演化起着十分重要的作用。将内蒙古河套盆地表层湖相沉积物按10 cm间隔采集,并对沉积有机质的性质及来源进行重点分析。测量了不同深度上不同岩性沉积物的色度、水溶性有机物（WEOM）和盐溶性有机物（SEOM）含量及其光谱学特性。结果显示,沉积物的色度（R530-520）与TOC含量呈现相反的变化趋势:色度值较大时,TOC含量反而较小。相对于细砂层,黏土层的色度值较低,但TOC含量较高。相同的沉积物中,SEOM含量高于WEOM,但WEOM更易迁移至地下水中。有机物的光谱指数表明,WEOM以微生物来源为主,而SEOM以陆源为主。通过三维荧光光谱分析发现,荧光强度和沉积物有机碳（SOC）含量呈正相关;黏土层沉积有机物荧光强度更高;WEOM和SEOM均含类腐殖质成分和类蛋白成分,但SEOM中腐殖质成分较高;类腐殖质是所研究的沉积物中OM最主要的存在形式。     

Germanium/silica ratios in diagenetic chert nodules from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation,South China

Germanium/silica (Ge/Si) ratios of dolostone- and mudstone-hosted chert nodules from the Ediacaran (635–542 Ma) Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area, South China, are reported. These chert nodules typically have a calcite rim, a pyrite rim, and a silica core, the latter sometimes containing disseminated pyrite. The silica core was precipitated by early diagenetic replacement of carbonate and silty/muddy sediments. Two types of chert nodules are identified based on their mineralogy and geochemistry. Type-1 chert nodules are poor in disseminated pyrite in the silica core. They also have low Al, and show a strong positive correlation between Al contents and Ge/Si with a near-zero or negative intercept. In contrast, Type-2 chert nodules contain abundant disseminated pyrite in the silica core and show a weakly positive correlation between Ge/Si ratios and Al contents (with a large positive intercept on the Ge/Si axis). The Ge/Si of Doushantuo nodules are greater than those of Cretaceous deep-sea cherts, suggesting that the Ge/Si ratio of Ediacaran seawater/porewater was greater than the Cretaceous due to the more effective discrimination against Ge by inorganic opal precipitation relative to biogenic opal precipitation. The positive correlation between Ge/Si and Al can be interpreted using a mixing model with a pure chert (characterized by a low Ge/Si ratio) and an Al-rich endmember (characterized by a high Ge/Si ratio). The latter is most likely represented by a clay component, but the model-based estimate of the Ge/Si ratio inferred for the Al-rich (clay) endmember is much higher than that of Phanerozoic clay minerals. These high Ge/Si ratios for the clay endmember may be related to the generally high Ge/Si ratio of Ediacaran seawater, but could also be related to clay–organic matter interactions. Organic matter absorbed to clays could provide an additional source of Ge because certain organic molecules are known to have a high affinity for Ge due to their strong metal ion-chelating properties. The high Ge/Si ratio of the Al-rich endmember in Type-1 chert nodules suggests that Ge in porewaters from which these cherts precipitated may have been dominated by Ge–organic complexes. The low Ge/Si ratio inferred for the Al-rich endmember in Type-2 chert nodules is therefore taken to indicate that Ge was released from organic matter, perhaps due to anaerobic degradation of organic matter (accompanied by the formation of pyrite), and was redistributed between clay–organic endmembers and pure chert, resulting in a non-zero intercept in the Ge/Si vs. Al₂O₃ plots. These observations suggest that a strong terrestrial influence in a restricted sedimentary basin or a high content of dissolved organic carbon in Ediacaran seawater and porewater may have contributed to the dominance of Ge–organic complexes in the Doushantuo basin in the Yangtze Gorges area.     

Mineralogical and geochemical indicators of anoxic sedimentation conditions in local depressions within the Sea of Okhotsk in the late Pleistocene-Holocene

This paper reports specific mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of deposits from the local depressions of the Derugin Basin. They were formed in an environment with periodic changes from oxic to anoxic conditions and show evidence for the presence of hydrogen sulfide in bottom waters. The deposits of this type can be considered as a modern model for ancient ore-bearing black shale associations. Compared with typical metalliferous black shale sequences, which are characterized by high contents of organic matter, the sediments described here are depleted in the elements of the organophilic association (Mo, Ni, Cu, Zn, V, and U) but have higher Mn contents.     

松辽平原典型黑土区有机质的变化及影响因素分析

根据2003～2008年松辽平原中南部地区多目标区域地球化学调查成果,研究了典型黑土区有机质的分布特征,提出了绥化-哈尔滨-四平一线典型黑土区有机质含量具有纬度地带性分布特点,有机质由北向南逐渐降低.分析了土壤有机质的影响因素,认为土壤的成土母质和土壤质地是决定有机质含量的重要基础,湖相沉积物和土壤质地细腻,黏粒成分多,有机质含量高.气温和降水等气候条件是影响土壤有机质的主要因素,低温湿润气候条件有利于有机质积累.耕地开垦时间长、作物连作和化肥使用等人为因素降低了有机质含量.     

上海市近岸海域表层沉积物类型与元素丰度相关关系特征

通过上海市近岸海域多目标区域地球化学调查,共采集947件表层沉积物样品,分析测试了52种化学元素以及pH值和有机碳等指标。总结了该区域表层沉积物及深层沉积物类型和分布特征,沉积物类型主要为细砂、粉砂质砂、砂质粉砂、粉砂、粘土质粉砂,其中粘土质粉砂分布最为广泛。元素含量与砂含量呈正相关的元素主要为SiO2、Sr、Na2O等。其它指标大都与粘土含量呈正相关关系。     

The influence of particles recycling on the geochemistry of sediments in a large tropical dam lake in the Amazonian region,Brazil

As a result of over-erosion of soils, the fine particles, which contain the majority of nutrients, are easily washed away from soils, which become deficient in a host of components, accumulating in lakes. On one hand, the accumulation of nutrients-rich sediments are a problem, as they affect the quality of the overlying water and decrease the water storage capacity of the system; on the other hand, sediments may constitute an important resource, as they are often extremely rich in organic and inorganic nutrients in readily available forms. In the framework of an extensive work on the use of rock related materials to enhance the fertility of impoverish soils, this study aimed to evaluate the role on the nutrients cycle, of particles recycling processes from the watershed to the bottom of a large dam reservoir, at a wet tropical region under high weathering conditions. The study focus on the mineralogical transformations that clay particles undergo from the soils of the drainage basin to their final deposition within the reservoir and their influence in terms of the geochemical characteristics of sediments. We studied the bottom sediments that accumulate in two distinct seasonal periods in Tucuruí reservoir, located in the Amazonian Basin, Brazil, and soils from its drainage basin. The surface layers of sediments in twenty sampling points with variable depths, are representative of the different morphological sections of the reservoir. Nineteen soil samples, representing the main soil classes, were collected near the margins of the reservoir. Sediments and soils were subjected to the same array of physical, mineralogical and geochemical analyses: (1) texture, (2) characterization and semi-quantification of the clay fraction mineralogy and (3) geochemical analysis of the total concentration of major elements, organic compounds (organic C and nitrogen), soluble fractions of nutrients (P and K), exchangeable fractions (cation exchange capacity, exchangeable bases and acidity) and pH(H₂O).There is a remarkable homogeneity in the sedimentary distribution along the reservoir in terms of the texture and mineralogy of the clay fraction and of the chemistry of the total, soluble and exchangeable phases. These observations contrast with the physical, morphological and chemical heterogeneity of the soils and the setting lithology. Most of the sediments has a higher contribution of fine-grained material and the mineralogy of the clay fraction is dominated by kaolinite in soils and kaolinite and illite in sediments, followed by lesser amounts of gibbsite, goethite, and metahaloisite and by small/vestigial contents of chlorite and smectite. The sediments are mainly inherited from the watershed but there exist marked differences between the accumulated sediments and their parent materials. These differences mainly come from the selective erosion of fine-grained particles and the extreme climatic conditions which enhance complex transformations of mineralogical and chemical nature. Compared with the parental soils, the reservoir sediments show the following differences: (1) enrichment in fine-grained and less dense inorganic particles, (2) aggradative mineralogical transformations, including enrichment in clay minerals with higher cationic adsorption and exchange capacity, (3) degradation of the crystalline structure of Fe- and Al-oxides (goethite, gibbsite), (4) increase in easily leached elements (Mg, Ca, P, K, Na) and decrease in chemically less mobile elements (Si, Fe) and (5) higher contents of organic carbon, nitrogen, and soluble forms of P and K, mainly concentrated in the clay fraction. These transformations are extremely important in the nutrients cycle, denoting that sediments represent an efficient sink for nutrients from the over-erosion of soils. Mineral and organic compounds can permanently or temporarily sequester these nutrients, recycling them and enhancing their availability through the slow release of components from relatively loose crystal structures. These processes can easily explain the enrichment in soluble and exchangeable forms of elements such as P, K, Ca or Mg. This study conclude that the particles recycling in a large tropical dam reservoir which receives high fluxes of allochthonous nutrients, has an important role in the good quality of sediments for agricultural use and in the profitable use of this technology to recover depleted soils in remediation projects in regions near large hydroelectric plants.     

佳木斯隆起带乌拉嘎断裂西缘 1:5万水系沉积物测量方法研究

前人研究成果表明,有机质吸附作用使样品中的元素产生一定的富集,这种影响随着有机质含量增加而越加强烈,将掩盖元素真实含量的起伏,造成假异常.通过对佳木斯隆起带乌拉嘎断裂西缘水系沉积物样品的分配及有机质含量特征、主要成矿元素的表生地球化学分布特征的研究,认为野外截取-10～+60目粒级段作为采样介质,可完全满足工作需要,获得真实可靠的地球化学异常,取得较好的地质找矿效果.     

Diatoms,spatial distribution and physicochemical characteristics of the Wular lake sediments,Kashmir valley,Jammu and Kashmir

Lakes and wetlands are dynamic geomorphic units of a landscape that hold geochemical signatures of sediment provenance and paleo-environmental shifts and are major sinks for organic matter accumulation. The source of organic matter is diverse in lake sediments and varies widely with the type and size of the lake and hence it is important to understand the source of organic carbon (terrestrial or in situ) in lake systems in order to monitor the health of the lake. Wular lake, located in north Kashmir, is one of the largest fresh water lake in India, situated at an average elevation of 1580m ASL. The lake is fed by a number of watersheds that bring a diverse type of sediments and organic matter and thus deposit them into the Wular lake basin. In order to understand sediment distribution pattern, content and source of organic matter, sediment provenance and the persisting environment in the Wular lake, 32 lake floor sediment samples covering the entire lake were collected and analyzed for organic element analysis, CaCO3, organic matter, sediment texture and diatom analysis. The results indicated that sediments in the lake are dominated by silt and silty clay. The organic carbon in the lake ranged from 0.83%-4.52% and nitrogen varied from 0.06%-0.5%. The Carbon to Nitrogen (C/N) ratios (9.04 to 22.03) indicate a mixed source of organic carbon but dominated by in situ lake sources from the vascular and lake biota accumulation. The diatom analysis revealed the occurrence of a diverse type of species along the sampling sites present within the lake. The wide distribution of the diatom species such as Cymbella, Cyclotella and Tabularia etc. in the lake indicate high organic pollution and alkaline fresh water environment prevailing in the lake.     

川南地区龙马溪组有机质特征及其对页岩气富集规律的影响研究

四川盆地南部（简称“川南”） 广泛发育多套下古生界海相泥页岩层系,其中龙马溪组为该区一套优良的烃源岩 层,具备优越的页岩气形成条件。根据长宁和威远页岩气探区的钻井岩心、露头样品分析资料,对川南地区下志留统龙马 溪组页岩有机质特征及其对页岩气富集规律的影响进行研究后表明,川南龙马溪组页岩的有机质类型为Ⅰ～Ⅱ1型,有机 碳含量较高（平均为2.52%）,热演化程度为2.0%～3.8%,达到了高-过成熟阶段;研究区的有机质特征对页岩气的富集具 有重要的影响,干酪根的类型决定着甲烷吸附能力强弱,有机质丰度和有机演化程度决定了页岩的生气量和含气量,同时 高TOC和Ro也能促进有机质微孔隙的发育,为页岩气的富集提供更多有利空间。因此,研究认为川南地区龙马溪组有机质 特征较好,有利于页岩气的富集成藏。     

南祁连盆地热水—默勒地区上三叠统可能烃源岩地球化学特征

应用多项分析测试技术，对南祁连盆地热水－默勒地区上三叠统可能烃源岩进行了有机质丰度，类型、成熟度、有机母源和沉积环境等方面的分析。该区上三叠统可能烃源岩为前三角洲和湖沼相的泥质岩沉积，其有机质丰度较高，有机质类型为腐殖型和混合型，主要处于成熟阶段，有机母质主要为高等植物和一定数量的藻菌类低等水生生物的贡献。综合分析认为该套地层具有一定的生烃能力，其中一些层段生烃潜力较大。     

Comparative study on the geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements in deep-sea sediments from different regions of the Pacific OceanSCIEI北大核心CSCD

太平洋深海沉积物中富集稀土元素(REY,包括钇),被认为是富有潜力的新型稀土资源。(含)沸石粘土、深海粘土和多金属软泥是主要的富含REY的沉积物类型,其中(含)沸石粘土和深海粘土在中、西北太平洋海盆大面积分布,而多金属软泥则多分布于靠近东太平洋洋脊热液活动的深海盆地中。目前关于中、西北太平洋海盆的深海粘土和(含)沸石粘土已有较多的研究,但关于多金属软泥中REY的研究较少。不同区域、不同类型深海沉积物中的稀土元素赋存状态有何差异?影响稀土富集的机制又是什么目前尚不清楚,也就进一步影响了对深海沉积物稀土资源的勘查和开发工作。本文分析对比了太平洋不同区域不同类型深海沉积物的地球化学特征及矿物学特征。结果表明,总体上,中、西北太平洋海盆深海沉积物中,尤其是(含)沸石粘土中的REY含量明显高于东太平洋海盆多金属软泥REY含量,其REY的富集主要与磷酸盐有关。超常富集REY(∑REY>2000×10^(-6))的沉积物中的CaO/P_(2)O_(5)比值趋向于一致(~1.4),几乎接近于磷灰石CaO/P2O5比值(~1.3),因此REY主要赋存载体为磷灰石,该区沉积物中REY的富集可能受到磷酸盐化的影响;东太平洋海盆多金属软泥明显受到热液影响,铁和锰的含量明显增加,但其∑REY含量集中于500×10^(-6)~800×10^(-6),不随铁和锰的增加而变化,REY的富集仍与磷酸盐关系密切,而与铁锰物质和铝硅酸盐关系不大。中、西北太平洋海盆富稀土的深海沉积物形成时处于较强的氧化环境,同时又有充足的含磷物质补给,才造成REY在该区沉积物中的超常富集;而东太平洋海盆多金属软泥虽然处于氧化环境,但缺少足够的磷补给,所以其∑REY含量通常低于中、西北太平洋海盆沸石粘土中∑REY含量。