SCY1—2型数字测深仪的研制

本文介绍了一种回声测深仪，对系统构成，功能特点，实现方法概要的描述，并系统要用的信号处理技术进行了简要分析。     

一种基于测深仪的声学Pinger距底高度测量方法

在大洋沉积物取样作业中,实时获取取样器距底高度和准确判别取样器是否触底是整个作业的关键。提出了一种基于测深仪的声学Pinger距底高度测量方法,并成功应用到了2013年"蛟龙"号试验性应用航次的常规调查作业中。实际应用表明,该方法不仅能够实时获取声学Pinger距离海底的高度,而且能够准确判断取样器是否触底。     

双频测深仪的终端实现

本文主要介绍了HY-1200型双频测深的功能及其先进的终端技术。该系统采用了大量当今半导体和计算机领域的最新成果,技术含量高,在单片机控制技术应用中具有一定的代表性。系统一年多的无故障运行证明了其可靠性和实用性。     

回声测深仪在水下地形测量中的应用

本文在介绍回声测深仪基本工作原理的同时,介绍了回声测深仪在杭州湾口外一拟建大型码头下地形测量的一个应用实例。     

新一代智能数字测深仪

将计算机和高速DSP处理器引入测深仪，采用低噪声设计以获取高质量的回波，并通过高速DSP处理器实现了实时高精度测深和数据采集。通过功率可控发射机和大动态增益接收机实现了高质量信号的采集，通过全量程数据窗和高精度数据窗的独特设计，既保证了测深的搜索能力，又保证了测量精度，实现了测深控制的智能化。     

RTK与测深联合技术及其在近海工程勘查中的应用

陆上勘查孔位海拔高程的测量工作多采用水准高程传递的方法。海上钻探孔位的海拔高程,由于海洋条件限制,此方法并不适合。为了满足近海工程勘察中测量孔位高程的实际需要,本文采用实时动态差分全球定位系统(GPS-RTK)技术和测深技术,组成RTK和测深仪联合作业系统来测量勘查孔位的标高,在实际近海海洋勘查中取得了良好效果,以便促进RTK技术在海洋工程建设中的应用。     

应用声速仪对测深仪改正精度的测试

应用HY1200声速仪对SDH-13D测深仪进行声速改正后的测深精度进行了测试，介绍了测试的设备、方法及测试步骤。试验结果表明，实际声速置入测深仪对SDH-13D测深仪进行声速改正，简捷可靠，切实可行，不仅提高了工作效率，保证了SDH-13D测深仪的测深精度，而且提高了测深改正精度。     

动力定位系统与单波束测深仪在科考船定点作业中的应用

科考船定点作业时会受到海洋风、涌、浪、流等外界环境因素影响，导致工作效率降低，原位测量精度下降，甚至影响作业安全。动力定位系统 （DP） 具有自动定位功能，能够抵抗外界环境因素的影响，可实现科考船高精度定点控位。 单波束测深仪不仅可以测量水深，也可反映水下设备深度信息，可以起到辅助监控水下设备功能。本文在介绍定点作业施工现状与局限性的基础上，分析 DP 系统与单波束测深仪工作原理，以“向阳红 01”船为载体，在定点作业时开启 DP 系统与单波束测深仪，发现该方法可以提高科考船定点作业工作效率、原位测量精度并保障作业安全，可为其他科考船定点作业提供参考。     

CS─500型智能回声测深仪在长江三峡河段的综合测验

本文通过ＣＳ─５００型智能回声测深仪与ｍｓ─４８型（英国产）回声测深仪在长江三峡河段的同步测验，对ＣＳ—５００型智能回声测深仪的仪器性能、测深精度、智能化程度以及整机可靠性进行了综合检验。检验结果认为，ＣＳ—５００型智能回声测深精度优良，自动化程度高，是目前取代普通回声测深仪在长江三峡河段测深的新一代测深产品。     

多波束测深系统声速校正

海水声速是多波束测深系统进行水深测量的基本参数之一,声速剖面正确与否直接影响测量结果的精度和可靠性,本文阐述了声对多波束水深测量的影响机理,并通过对南海ＳＡ１２试验区采集的声速资料的分析,以ＳｅａＢｅａｍ２１００多波束测深系统为例,对声速校正的技术方法进行了探讨。     

Outer frequency spectrum of sea waves and its equilibrium range

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海浪外观谱及其平衡域

定义了海浪能量的广义或n阶外观分布,导出了n阶海浪外观谱的解析形式,讨论了n阶外观谱的平衡域.结果表明,n阶外观谱的平衡域指数为-(3+n);平衡域指数上界为-3.任何波动现象,只要Fourier迭加原理和射线理论对它们的描述足够准确,则本文的结论皆成立.     

LVP modeling and dynamic characteristics prediction of a hydraulic power unit in deep-sea

A hydraulic power unit(HPU) is the driving "heart" of deep-sea working equipment.It is critical to predict its dynamic performances in deep-water before being immerged in the seawater,while the experimental tests by simulating deep-sea environment have many disadvantages,such as expensive cost,long test cycles,and difficult to achieve low-temperature simulation,which is only used as a supplementary means for confirmatory experiment.This paper proposes a novel theoretical approach based on the linear varying parameters(LVP) modeling to foresee the dynamic performances of the driving unit.Firstly,based on the varying environment features,dynamic expressions of the compressibility and viscosity of hydraulic oil are derived to reveal the fluid performances changing.Secondly,models of hydraulic system and electrical system are accomplished respectively through studying the control process and energy transfer,and then LVP models of the pressure and flow rate control is obtained through the electro-hydraulic models integration.Thirdly,dynamic characteristics of HPU are obtained by the model simulating within bounded closed sets of varying parameters.Finally,the developed HPU is tested in a deep-sea imitating hull,and the experimental results are well consistent with the theoretical analysis outcomes,which clearly declare that the LVP modeling is a rational way to foresee dynamic performances of HPU.The research approach and model analysis results can be applied to the predictions of working properties and product designs for other deep-sea hydraulic pump.     

Analytical modeling of a diver dry suit enhanced with micro-encapsulated phase change materials

Over the years, various forms of phase change materials (PCMs) have been utilized as thermal storage mediums for cooling and heating applications. Recently, the U.S. Navy has investigated using phase change materials inside divers' dry suits to enhance thermal protection in extremely cold water applications. The thermal performance of optional types of insulative Comfortemp¹ foam mediums, medium thicknesses, and foam-to-Thermosorb² ratios are evaluated analytically in this paper to compare the relative thermal performances of PCM-enhanced dry suits with existing commercial dry suits. An analytical model of dry suit systems, both conventional and those containing Comfortemp materials, is developed to predict their thermal performances in simulated ocean environments. This analytical model is used to compare the relative thermal performances of PCM-enhanced dry suits with existing commercial dry suits, and to assess the relative thermal performances of candidate Comfortemp foams, including those interspersed with different weight percentages of micro-encapsulated PCMs, in an effort to maximize thermal storage capabilities. The observations from this modeling effort provides guidelines and recommendations for materials selection and thickness requirements for candidate Comfortemp foams to be used in prototype dry suits for divers.     

Numerical Simulation on Hydraulic Performances of Quarter Circular Breakwater

Quarter circular breakwater （QCB） is a new-type breakwater developed from senti-circular breakwater （SCB）. The superstructure of QCB is composed of a quarter circular front wall, a horizontal base slab and a vertical rear wall. The width of QCB＇ s base slab is about half that of SCB, which makes QCB suitable to be used on relatively finn soil foundation. The numerical wave flume based on the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations for impressible viscosity fluid is adopted in this paper to simulate the hydraulic performances of QCB. Since the geometry of both breakwaters is similar and SCB has been studied in depth, the hydraulic performances of QCB are given in comparison with those of SCB.     

Validation of Jason and Envisat Altimeter Dual Frequency Rain Flags

New rain flags based on the dual frequency capabilities of the new Jason Poseidon-2 and Envisat RA2 altimeters have been tested, developed and adopted for the operational processing of the altimeter data. Their validation conducted during the calibration/validation phases of the satellites is presented here. The Jason flag is validated by comparison with the TOPEX one, using the Tandem mission. The results show a very good agreement between the two sensors and the two rain flags The Envisat flag is validated by comparison with both Jason and TOPEX using global and collocated data sets. The results show similar performances for the three sensors. The f relations estimated during the calibration-validation period and presented here have been given to the altimeter ground processing facilities for operational use.     

Validation of Jason and Envisat Altimeter Dual Frequency Rain Flags

New rain flags based on the dual frequency capabilities of the new Jason Poseidon-2 and Envisat RA2 altimeters have been tested, developed and adopted for the operational processing of the altimeter data. Their validation conducted during the calibration/validation phases of the satellites is presented here. The Jason flag is validated by comparison with the TOPEX one, using the Tandem mission. The results show a very good agreement between the two sensors and the two rain flags The Envisat flag is validated by comparison with both Jason and TOPEX using global and collocated data sets. The results show similar performances for the three sensors. The f relations estimated during the calibration-validation period and presented here have been given to the altimeter ground processing facilities for operational use.     

拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统水动力与控制性能研究述评

综述了拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统水动力学研究的最新进展。对拖曳缆绳、拖曳体以及将两者耦合起来所构成的整个系统水动力及控制理论进行述评,分析了各种理论的优缺点从中简要地描述了拖曳式多参数剖面测量系统水动力研究的发展概要。     

Study on characteristics of 3-D translating-pulsating source green function of deep-water havelock form and its fast integration method

The singularities, oscillatory performances and the contributing factors to the 3-D translating-pulsating source Green function of deep-water Havelock form which consists of a local disturbance part and a far-field wave-like part, are analyzed systematically. Relative numerical integral methods about the two parts are presented in this paper. An improved method based on LOBATTO rule is used to eliminate singularities caused respectively by infinite discontinuity and jump discontinuous node from the local disturbance part function, which makes the improvement of calculation efficiency and accuracy possible. And variable substitution is applied to remove the singularity existing at the end of the integral interval of the far-field wave-like part function. Two auxiliary techniques such as valid interval calculation and local refinement of integral steps technique in narrow zones near false singularities are applied so as to avoid unnecessary integration of invalid interval and improve integral accordance. Numerical test results have proved the efficiency and accuracy in these integral methods that thus can be applied to calculate hydrodynamic performance of floating structures moving in waves.     

9806号台风异常移动特征的初步分析

９８０６号台风在其生命史中,共发生了７次突然左折和１次突然加速,形成了典型的倒抛物线型路径。本文初步分析了其异常移动的特征和原因,并详细比较了目前主要的业务预报方法对该台风的预报性能。为进一步揭示该类台风移动的物理机制积累经验,也为正确把握和使用各主要业务预报方法对该类台风预报结果的参考价值提供科学依据。