辽西上白垩统大兴庄组地层层序及时代

辽宁西部白垩系上统大兴庄组主要分布于锦州、义县地区，在朝阳波罗赤、阜新碱锅等地也有零星出露。除阜新等地区为中基性火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩外，均为中酸性、酸性火山熔岩、熔岩碎屑岩、火山碎屑岩、火山碎屑沉积岩及次火山岩。角度不整合覆于白垩系下统义县组、九佛堂组、沙海组之上，平行不整合覆于白垩系孙家湾组之上，K—Ar同位素年龄值为80．83Ma，属晚白垩世。该期火山活动以爆发—喷溢交替进行为特点，间有次火山岩侵入，活动强度微弱，分布局限。     

辽西阜新盆地下白垩统沙海组油源再认识

<正>1研究目的(Objective)下白垩统九佛堂组及沙海组烃源岩是辽宁西部阜新盆地最重要的两套烃源岩。一般认为,沙海组烃源岩为一套煤系偏腐殖型烃源岩,以生气为主;九佛堂组为湖相偏腐泥型烃源岩,以生油为主。已有文献报道也表明阜新盆地各层位包括沙海组原油与九佛堂组烃源岩有密切的亲缘关系,而与沙海组烃源岩关系不大。沙海组内部具备自生自储的油气成藏条件,沙海组烃源岩能否作为油源对沙海组储层形成有效供油,是本文研究的目的。     

辽西朝阳大平房-四官营子盆地油页岩资源预测

辽西朝阳大平房-四官营子盆地是中生代白垩纪沉积盆地,盆地主要分布有下白垩统九佛堂组,其次为义县组和阜新组.九佛堂组地层是辽宁西部地区寻找油页岩矿床的主要目标层位.该盆地内已发现多处油页岩矿点,资源丰富.经综合分析研究,预测了油页岩成矿远景区,为油气勘查提供了前期资料.     

辽宁西部兴城曹庄地区义县组岩石地层序列及锆石U-Pb年龄

辽宁西部兴城曹庄地区属于"中生代锦西—锦州—义县—阜新火山喷发带",晚中生代地处阜新—义县盆地的西南端。通过实测剖面和大比例尺调查,确认曹庄地区中生代以火山岩为主的地层可划归义县组,并进一步将其划分为3个岩性段:下段(K_1y~1)由砂砾岩和中性-中基性火山岩组成,中段(K_1y~2)由湖相沉积岩和中性火山岩组成,上段(K1y3)由中性、偏碱性火山岩组成。对尖山剖面火山岩和火山碎屑岩中的锆石采用LA-ICP-MS方法进行的U-Pb测年表明,剖面上义县组下段和中段的年龄分别为131.5±1.4 Ma和129.2±1.0 Ma,次火山状侵位于下段的粗面安山岩加权平均年龄为126.0±1.2 Ma,该结果与北部阜新—义县盆地义县组标准剖面年龄一致。依据火山-沉积序列对比关系,曹庄地区的义县组可以与标准剖面的中、下部对比,但缺失可与标准剖面义县组上部对比的层位,显示该时期火山喷发中心更靠近阜新—义县盆地。     

松南-辽西地区中生代盆地发育特征及含油气性评价

松辽盆地南部-辽西地区横跨兴蒙-吉黑造山带、华北地台及其北缘的增生带几个大地构造单元。受不同类型基底和区域断裂控制,在辽西盆岭区、松辽盆地区和辽北盆地区发育不同类型的晚三叠世-早侏罗世、中-晚侏罗世、白垩纪盆地,各期盆地间继承性较差,方向性极强。三叠系烃源岩发育程度较差,下侏罗统、下白垩统2套煤系地层是主要烃源岩发育段。侏罗系北票组是朝阳-北票等盆地的重要烃源岩,白垩系烃源岩发育较好,除九佛堂组、沙海组、阜新组3套烃源岩外,义县组发育潜在烃源岩。盆地含油气性评价表明辽北盆地区发育4种不同级别的含油气盆地,其中以陆家堡断陷、钱家店断陷、昌图断陷和茫汉断陷勘探前景最好;辽西地区阜新-义县盆地、朝阳-北票盆地等具有一定的勘探价值。     

辽宁阜新盆地油气勘探方向

阜新盆地经历了近30年的油气勘探活动,一直没有重大油气发现.为了进一步评价该区的资源潜力,探索新的勘探思路,通过油气地质条件综合研究和油气成藏主控因素分析,认为阜新盆地具备常规油气和非常规油气成藏的基本条件,提出主要勘探层系为九佛堂组、沙海组和阜新组.根据九佛堂组、沙海组和阜新组烃源岩条件的差异,指出九佛堂组上段和沙海组下段为常规油气勘探目的层;沙海组上段为页岩气勘探目的层;阜新组为煤层气勘探目的层.油气成藏条件分析结果表明,阜新盆地油气成藏主控因素为保存条件和储集条件,构造油气藏不应做为勘探选区的重点,寻找近洼陷的构造-岩性、岩性油气藏是本区油气勘探的方向.     

辽西义县地区黄花山角砾岩研究的新进展

对辽西地区黄花山角砾岩层的研究表明,黄花山角砾岩是一套火山碎屑岩-火山碎屑沉积岩类.黄花山角砾岩的形成大致可分为2个阶段:早期阶段以火山熔岩溢流和剧烈的火山爆发作用为主,不同地区形成了火山角砾岩(火山碎屑岩)或火山熔岩;晚期阶段,黄花山角砾岩成层性较好,以厚-中层为主,并且向上部韵律逐渐发育,表明这个时期渐变为以沉积作用为主,形成了火山碎屑沉积岩.黄花山角砾岩层和义县晚期的酸性火山熔岩同是义县组的顶部层位,二者为同时异相关系(但不是过渡关系).黄花山角砾岩层的定位对正确认识义县组以及研究阜新-义县盆地的演化史有着重要意义.     

冀北围场山湾子中生代地层层序的重新厘定

冀北围场县山湾子中生代地层为一套以中酸性火山岩为主夹碎屑岩的建造。在1/5万地质调查中新发现4套厚度大小不等、横向延伸较稳定沉积岩层,2个平行不整合面及火山岩锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年龄128~155Ma。经区域对比分析,将平行不整合面之上一套形成时限约为143~155 M的酸性火山岩夹中性火山岩、碎屑岩建造厘定为上侏罗统满克头鄂博组、玛尼吐组;其下形成时限为128~141 Ma的中酸性火山岩夹碎屑岩建造厘定为下白垩统张家口组、大北沟组和义县组。     

松辽盆地深层火山岩储层岩相特征和天然气的来源

松辽盆地发育上下两个盆地充填序列：下部充填序列指埋深〉3000m的上侏罗统-下白垩统断陷期火山成因地层，自下而上划分为火石岭组、沙河子组和营城组；上部充填序列由下白垩统上部-上白垩统坳陷期正常的沉积地层组成。下部充填序列的营城组火山岩是松辽盆地北部深层天然气的主要储集层（占储层的87％）。火山岩储层物性受控于火山岩岩相，喷溢相上部亚相（Ⅲ3）和侵出相。内带亚相（Ⅳ1）是最有利的火山岩储层，火山通道相火山颈亚相（Ⅰ1）、隐爆角砾岩亚相（Ⅰ3）和爆发相热碎屑流亚相（Ⅱ3））也是较好的储层。在松辽盆地北部徐家围子断陷火山岩储层中发现的工业气藏天然气有烃类、CO2、N2、H2S和少量稀有气体。通过天然气组成，烃类和CO2，碳同位素组成分析，认识到徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏天然气主要为煤型气、油型气和无机气构成的混合气，无机成因CO2气可能源于地幔或是岩浆成因。     

辽宁阜新地区义县组火山岩特征及喷发旋回划分

阜新地区早白垩世义县组火山岩为一套钙碱性系列的基性—中性—中酸性—酸性火山岩组合,是拉张条件下断陷盆地内的火山喷发产物,岩浆来源于地壳.喷发韵律发育,具多期次喷发特点,岩浆演化明显,由基性→中性→酸性演化.由于火山喷发中心的迁移及火山作用时间、方式等因素影响,在各盆地中火山喷发产物具有明显的差异.在阜新-义县盆地内火山喷发产物发育最为完全,它代表了义县组火山岩岩浆演化的全过程.以岩浆演化特征的差异,可划分三个Ⅱ级旋回.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)