两类双结构矩阵特征值问题的向后误差

讨论2类双结构矩阵特征值问题的向后误差公式和上下界。这2类结构矩阵分别是反对称正交阵和反对称反Hamilton阵。使用的主要技术是基于正交辛相似变换。所得结果可看作Tisseur提出的2个待解决问题的回答。     

高光谱碘分子和双边缘多普勒测风激光雷达技术比较

对采用原子滤波器的激光雷达技术和双边缘技术的灵敏度和误差进行了详细的讨论。对于纯 Rayleigh散射 ,双边缘系统的灵敏度高于基于碘分子的激光雷达系统 ,而对于 Rayeigh- Mie混合信号 ,双边缘系统通过采用特殊工作点的办法 ,有效解决 2种信号响应不同的问题 ;但同时该工作点的选取使得系统灵敏度降低 ,误差增加。对于后向散射比不是很大 (<10 )的情况下 ,误差可以控制在1m/s以内 ,完全可以满足测量要求 ,因此对于对流层顶部和平流层测风很适合。基于碘分子的激光雷达系统利用碘分子的高吸收性对 Rayleigh- Mie信号有效的进行分离 ,并且灵敏度随着后向散射比的增加而增加 ,从而对底层大气的探测特别有利。     

线性矩阵方程的广对称解

研究线性矩阵方程的广对称解,对Bunch,Sun,Tisseur等人的一些已有结果进行推广,并把所得结果用于结构向后误差分析.     

初始误差对双环流变异可预报性的影响

使用球坐标下1.5 层约化重力浅水模式模拟海洋风生双环流, 结果显示双环流射流存在拉伸模态和收缩模态间的年际变化。以双环流从拉伸模态向收缩模态的转变过程为背景场, 利用条件非线性最优扰动(CNOP)方法, 考察初始误差对双环流变异可预报性的影响, 得到两类初始误差: 全局CNOP型和局部CNOP(LCNOP)型, 两类初始误差对双环流变异的影响几乎相反。通过考察误差发展, 发现在射流从拉伸模态向收缩模态转变过程中, CNOP 型初始误差使射流弯曲程度变大, 并在预报时刻导致涡脱落; 而LCNOP 型初始误差则使射流弯曲程度变小。相比LCNOP, CNOP 型初始误差引起更大预报误差, 导致双环流变异的预报技巧下降更多。两类误差得到较大发展的区域可能存在正压不稳定, 使误差能够不断从背景场吸收能量进而得到快速发展。给出了两类使双环流变异预报技巧下降最大的初始误差, 在实际的数值预报中减少这两种类型的误差, 将有助于提高双环流变异的预报技巧。     

两类双结构矩阵的标准型及其应用

给出2类双结构矩阵的标准型。作为应用,还利用新得出的标准型对这2类双结构矩阵特征值问题发展了结构算法,其中对第一类双结构矩阵特征值问题发展了只用实运算的结构算法。     

细胞结构对浮游植物光学特性的影响

藻细胞抽象为细胞质和叶绿体构成的两层球体结构, 结合Aden-Kerker散射理论, 分析了藻细胞各物理属性对其光学特性的影响, 同时也与均匀球体藻细胞的光学特性进行了对比分析。分析结果表明, 与均匀球体结构相比, 叶绿体为外裹层的细胞结构将显著增强其后向散射效率及后向散射比率, 而叶绿体为内核层的细胞结构因打包效应将削弱藻细胞的吸收效率; 当叶绿体为外裹层时, 细胞粒径大小、叶绿体相对体积、叶绿体复折射率的虚部都对藻细胞的吸收效率会产生显著影响; 同时, 细胞粒径大小和叶绿体复折射率实部是决定细胞后向散射效率和后向散射比率的两个重要指标。     

气浮结构相似性分析

提出了有关气浮结构的环境压力相似判据问题,指出了在模型试验时要达到完全相似的困难。计算结果表明,对尺度比为0．1的模型,若不考虑环境压力的相似,恢复力矩的误差可接近50％。根据4筒和25筒气浮结构的计算结果,给出了将实验结果转换到原型的修正方法。     

海洋平台结构系统的疲劳可靠性研究

本文综合运用概率统计学理论、结构的疲劳损伤机理和失效树理论,提出了可通用于各类海洋平台结构系统疲劳可靠性评价的误差截断分析法,通过海洋平台实例验证了方法的通用性和可靠性。     

组合型水光仪器的阴影和姿态对水光测量的影响

本文用后向Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ方法模拟了有水光测量仪器存在的水体中的光场,计算了在Ｌｕ和Ｅｕ测量时仪器阴影误差与仪器在水平面内旋转角的关系,仪器倾斜时的辐亮度阴影误差与倾斜角的关系和阴影误差与深度的关系。高精度的水光测量在测量过程中和处理数据时应该解决好这个问题。     

水下飞秒双光梳高精度测距算法设计与实现

水下飞秒双光梳高精度测距是实现大量程、高精度水下激光测距的有效途径。本文提出了飞秒双光梳的水下高精度测距方法,基于飞秒双光梳光源和双干涉光路,配合水折射率的实时修正,实现水下高精度测距。同时基于飞秒双光梳测距算法,按照软硬件协同的设计方式,设计了水下双光梳测距算法结构,完成了嵌入式系统的开发与实现。实验结果表明,本文研发的飞秒双光梳水下测距系统在30 m的范围内能够实现水下测距误差优于150μm。     

三对角系统的最佳向后扰动分析

用一种新方法研究了三对角方程组及对称三对角方程组计算解的最佳向后扰动分析。由于这两类方程组的系数矩阵具有特殊结构 ,因而本文结果不能从已有结果直接导出。所用方法亦可用于研究 KKT及 SQD等结构线性系统的最佳向后扰动分析。     

多参数特征值问题的敏度分析

研究多参数系统单特征值及相应特征向量的向后误差及条件数。发展Hochstenbach和Plestenjak近期得到的一些结果。     

Seasonal features of the appearance of aerosol scattering in the stratosphere and mesosphere of Kamchatka from the results of lidar observations in 2007–2009

The behavior of the vertical aerosol structure (profiles of the ratio of the coefficients of the backward total and molecular scattering) in the height interval 30–80 km is analyzed from the results of lidar observations in Kamchatka over the period from October 2007 through December 2009. The obtained data revealed a regular two-layer aerosol structure in this height range with the maxima of the ratio of the scattering coefficients in the upper stratosphere at heights 35–50 km and in the mesosphere at heights of 60–75 km, as well as a relation between seasonal variations in the aerosol stratification and the circumpolar vortex affecting dynamic processes in the atmosphere of midlatitudes. The procedure of including the aftereffect of the Hamamatsu-M8259-01 PEM, which influences the error in the calculation of the ratio of scattering coefficients, is described.     

Examination of targeting methods in a simplified setting

The effectiveness of 2 methods for targeting observations is examined using a T21 L3 QG model in a perfect model context. Target gridpoints are chosen using the pseudo‐inverse (the inverse composed of the first three singular vectors only) and the quasi‐inverse or backward integration (running the tangent equations with a negative time‐step). The effectiveness of a target is measured by setting the analysis error to zero in a region surrounding the target and noting the impact on the forecast error in the verification region. In a post‐time setting, when the targets are based on forecast errors that are known exactly, both methods provide targets that are significantly better than targets chosen at random within a broad region upstream of the verification region. When uncertainty is added to the verifying analysis such that the forecast error is known inexactly, the pseudo‐inverse targets still perform very well, while the backward integration targets are degraded. This degradation due to forecast uncertainty is especially significant when the targets are a function of height as well as horizontal position. When an ensemble‐forecast difference is used in place of the inexact forecast error, the backward integration targets may be improved considerably. However, this significant improvement depends on the characteristics of the initial‐time ensemble perturbation. Pseudo‐inverse targets based on ensemble forecast differences are comparable to pseudo‐inverse targets based on exact forecast errors. Targets based on the largest analysis error are also found to be considerably more effective than random targets. The collocation of the backward integration and pseudo‐inverse targets appears to be a good indicator of target skill.     

Application of finite volume coastal ocean model to hindcasting the wind-induced sea-level variation in Fukuoka bay

The wind-induced sea-level variations at Hakata tidal station in winter are reproduced realistically using a one-way nested model. This nested model is constructed with a structured finite-difference Princeton Ocean Model (POM) for the Tsushima-Korea Straits, and an unstructured Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model (FVCOM) for Fukuoka Bay divided into triangular-cell grids. The correlation coefficient and root-mean-square error between observed and modeled results are 0.742 and 1.88 [cm], respectively. Moreover, the results show that the nested model with FVCOM is more accurate than the model in which FVCOM is replaced with a high-resolution POM for Fukuoka Bay. This indicates that the nested model constructed with structured and unstructured models works effectively in hindcasting the wind-induced sea-level variations.     

多传感器观测下带乘性噪声系统的逆向滤波与反褶积融合算法

针对多传感器观测环境下带乘性噪声系统的逆向最优滤波与反褶积融合估计问题 ,本文提出了 1种基于极大似然准则的最优融合算法。该算法中各单传感器间并行计算 ,并且融合中心与单传感器处理中心间无反向通讯 ,因而执行效率较高。仿真表明 ,该融合算法产生的逆向滤波与反褶积比单传感器处理结果有较明显提高     

An application of Miles' theory to Bragg scattering of water waves by doubly composite artificial bars

In the present paper, Miles' (1981) theory is implemented to derive formulae for describing the Bragg scattering of water waves for doubly composite artificial bars with different shapes, spacings, relative bar heights, relative bar footprint and the number of bars. The theory has clear advantage in estimating Bragg reflection coefficient for practical applications concerning coastal problems. Experiments of Bragg reflections over doubly composite rectangular artificial bars have also been performed in a wave flume. Key parameters that may lead to the optimal selection of a doubly composite artificial bar are studied. Theoretical solutions are seen to compare fairly well with the numerical computations and the laboratory experiments. Our simulated results reveal that the Bragg resonance for doubly composite artificial bars effectively increases the bandwidth of the reflection coefficient.     

水下光辐射测量的阴影效应及其校正方法研究

用后向Monte Carlo模拟方法计算多仪器水下光学系统测量水体向上辐亮度和辐照度时由测量系统阴影导致的误差,给出了这种误差与入射太阳光相对于仪器的水平方位角之间的关系,给出了测量船对测量的影响与入射太阳光天顶角之间的关系.提出了一种辐亮度仪器自阴影误差的多光谱校正方法,模拟结果表明校正后误差小于5%.