胶东山后金矿成矿流体及成矿物质来源：来自H—O、Sr—Nd—Pb、He—Ar同位素证据

胶东山后金矿地处招远平度断裂带南段,规模为大型金矿床。本文在详细的矿相学观察及黄铁矿显微结构研究基础上,对山后金矿主成矿阶段（第Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段）的石英HO同位素、载金黄铁矿SrNdPb、HeAr同位素组成进行了系统的分析。测试结果表明,山后金矿载金黄铁矿中流体包裹体的3He/4He为0.45～1.15 Ra,并含有一定量的地壳放射性成因的40Ar,成矿流体显示壳幔混合流体的特征;石英HO同位素组成也表明,成矿流体可能来自富集地幔流体。40Ar/36Ar值为679.32～804.23,与我国东北部来源于富集地幔样品的40Ar/36Ar特征值相近;HO和HeAr的同位素组成均表明,成矿流体很可能来自富集地幔流体。SrNd和Pb同位素组成的分析结果表明,成矿物质可能主要来源于玲珑期花岗岩和郭家岭期花岗岩。     

浙江主要金银矿床的成矿时代和同位素地球化学

应用Rb-Sr等时线法测定了浙江3种不同类型的金、银矿床（璜山金矿、治岭头金银矿、毫石银矿）的成矿时代。璜山金矿床的年龄为358Ma～397Ma，治岭头金银矿床的年龄为127Ma～165Ma，毫石银矿床的年龄为104Ma。3个矿床的铅、锶同位素组成有显著差别，反映了3个矿床的不同来源和成因。璜山金矿床具有低初始锶比值和低μ值或低放射成因铅，主要来自上地幔源区；治岭头金银矿床具高初始锶比值和高μ值或高放射成因铅，以上地壳来源为主；毫石银矿床的铅、锶同位素比值介于上述两者之间，为壳幔混合来源。特征的铅同位素组成可以用作寻找不同类型矿床的标志。     

胶东马家窑金矿床流体包裹体及S同位素特征研究

马家窑金矿位于胶东栖蓬福金成矿带盘马金矿田东部,本文针对该矿床主要成矿阶段典型矿石开展了流体包裹体及S同位素分析测试。研究表明,矿石中流体包裹体以纯液包裹体与富液体包裹体为主,局部发育富气体包裹体和H2OCO2三相包裹体,可见少量含子矿物富液体包裹体。包裹体均一温度集中于220～280℃,石英流体包裹体盐度（w（NaCl））集中于4.60%～8.60%,白云石流体包裹体盐度（w（NaCl））集中于5.14%～5.33%,流体密度集中于0.80～1.02g/cm3,估算成矿压力为200～285MPa,成矿深度约6.8～9.7km。矿石中黄铁矿δ34S值总体为5.3‰～15.9‰。成矿流体为中温、低密度、低盐度流体,具壳幔混合来源特征,矿床属中温中成热液矿床。     

西藏雄村矿区Ⅲ号矿体硫、铅同位素特征及成矿物质来源

雄村矿区位于拉萨地体南缘的冈底斯成矿带,通过对雄村矿区新发现的Ⅲ号矿体硫、铅同位素的综合分析研究,探讨了成矿物质来源问题。研究表明,矿石金属硫化物的δ３４Ｓ在－１．３‰～１．４‰之间,平均值为－０．８５‰,分布范围较窄,成矿热液的δ３４ＳΣＳ值为－０．０４‰,均显示出幔源硫的特征。矿石金属硫化物的铅同位素２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ比值变化于１８．２０４～１８．４６８之间（平均值为１８．３５９）,２０７Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ比值变化于１５．５４９～１５．５９３之间（平均值为１５．５６７）,２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ比值变化于３８．２１３～３８．４４１之间（平均值为３８．３５１）,铅同位素组成特征值μ变化于９．３７～９．４５之间（平均值为９.４０）;在铅同位素判别图解上位于造山带铅同位素演化线附近,显示出地幔物质与俯冲沉积物的混合特征,暗示金属硫化物中的铅源自地幔,并有少量俯冲沉积物的加入。      

桂北地下热水溶滤金矿床地质特征及成因

桂北原生金矿由一系列贫—少硫化物石英脉型金矿组成。经矿床地质、地球化学特征和流体包裹体、同位素多方面研究，认为桂北金矿是产于碎屑岩中的地下热水溶滤型金矿。其矿源主要来源于上地壳围岩，水源为大气降水，硫源主要来自深部（下地壳），通过深大断裂被带到成矿热液中，并混染了大量海成硫酸盐或沉积硫化物，热源由地壳增温和断裂磨擦提供。成矿流体为Ｋ＋—Ｎａ＋—Ｃａ２＋—ＳＯ２－４—Ｈ２Ｏ的低盐度、低密度稀释溶液。成矿温度以１３０～２３０℃为主，压力２３０～７００Ｐａ。成矿模式年龄约为１６６．４Ｍａ。     

甘肃徽县郭家沟铅锌矿床成因:赋矿硅质岩常量、稀土元素及矿石同位素证据

为了研究甘肃徽县郭家沟铅锌矿床成因,分别对赋矿硅质岩的常量、微量和稀土元素及叠加热液碳酸盐矿物的 Ｃ、Ｏ、Ｓｒ同位素和石英流体包裹体的 Ｄ、Ｏ 同位素进行了系统分析。结果表明:硅质岩常量元素 Ａｌ／（Ａｌ＋Ｆｅ＋Ｍｎ）比值为０．０８～０．３０（平均为０．１９）,介于纯热水硅质岩与正常海相沉积硅质岩之间,靠近热水沉积端元; 其球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素配分曲线显示明显的 Ｅｕ正异常,与海底热水沉积物 ＲＥＥ配分曲线类似,指示硅质岩为热水沉积成因,为泥盆纪同生喷流沉积的产物。后期叠加的热液碳酸盐矿物的 Ｃ、Ｏ 同 位 素 组 成 特 征,指 示热液中的 Ｃ、Ｏ 主要来自地层中沉积灰岩,并通过灰岩溶解作用过程获得。热液碳酸盐矿物与灰岩Ｓｒ同位素比值部分重叠,而高于糜暑岭岩体初始Ｓｒ同位素比值,指示热液中的 Ｓｒ主要来自灰岩而非花岗岩。石英流体包裹 体
的 Ｄ、Ｏ 同位素组成与岩浆流体接近,指示石英－硫化物阶段成矿流体主要来自岩浆热液。综上所述,郭家 沟 铅锌矿床为一经历泥盆纪同生喷流、印支期岩浆热液叠加改造成矿的复合型层控铅锌矿床。      

东峰顶金矿床地质地球化学特征及成因

东峰顶金矿区呈脉状赋存于断裂破碎带中，矿石类型为硫化物石英-重晶石脉型，矿体围岩蚀变强烈，根据矿床地质、地球化学特征．结合矿体矿物共生组合、铅和硫同位素组成及成矿年龄、包裹体成分及特征以及原生金的成色等研究，认为金矿床矿源为重熔岩浆岩。成矿溶液主要来自岩浆水和大气降水的混合溶液，成矿温度140℃～400℃．成矿深度约1．5km。矿床成因类型属中温、中深条件下形成的岩浆热液充填型金矿床。     

山东胶东地区盘子涧金矿成矿流体He-Ar同位素地球化学特征

盘子涧金矿地处山东胶东地区蓬莱—栖霞金成矿带南部,是典型的石英脉型金矿,Au品位高,目前对该矿床成矿流体来源的研究尚不深入。在详细的矿相学观察及黄铁矿显微结构研究基础上,对盘子涧金矿主成矿阶段(石英-黄铁矿(绢云母)阶段和金-石英-多金属硫化物阶段)的载金黄铁矿进行了流体包裹体He-Ar同位素组成分析。结果表明:盘子涧金矿载金黄铁矿中流体包裹体的3He丰度为(3.49~8.50)×10^-14 cm^3 STP·g^-1,4He丰度为(2.46~5.06)×10^-8 cm^3 STP·g^-1,3He/4He值为0.8 Ra^1.2 Ra(Ra为大气3He/4He值,Ra=1.39×10^-6),成矿流体表现出以富集地幔为主导的壳幔混合特征;40Ar丰度为(1.02~2.65)×10^-7 cm^3 STP·g^-1,40Ar/36Ar值为896.3~1724.1,是大气饱和水40Ar/36Ar值的2~3倍,与中国东北部幔源岩样品40Ar/36Ar值相近,推测成矿流体主要来源于富集地幔,成矿流体中存在着一定量的地壳放射性成因40Ar,表明地壳流体参与了成矿作用。综上所述,推断山东胶东地区盘子涧金矿成矿流体为以富集地幔流体为主导的壳幔混合流体。     

凡河元古宙拗拉谷关门山铅锌矿床成因研究

凡河元古宙拗拉谷属地幔活化型中的克拉通拗拉谷。从长石石英砂岩—碳酸盐岩—细碧岩组合到石英砂岩—碳酸盐岩—页岩组合序列,表明它是一个夭折的裂谷。关门山铅锌矿床矿物组成简单,多次沉淀,有溶蚀、交代及分带现象。矿石包裹体成分及氢氧同位素组成表明成矿流体属大气降水混合的Na—Ca—Cl型盆地地层水,成矿温度为150—300℃。铅同位素表明成矿物质来自上地幔或下地壳,大约在1900Ma从源区分离出来进入太古宙结晶基底。硫同位素表明硫源相当海水硫酸盐,保存在成岩时由晶间水、孔隙水、软泥水集中起来的层间水里。矿床特征及稳定同位素表明成矿组分的迁移有早期的动静结合的混合模式与晚期的还原硫模式二种,沉淀也有早期的贱金属流体与H,S流体混合机制与晚期的pH值改变、温度降低,溶液稀释机制二种。成矿与基底隆起、基底断裂、盖层断裂、层位、岩性、古水文条件等有着密切的关系。矿床类型属密西西比河谷型后生矿床。     

新疆彩霞山铅锌矿床地质及同位素地球化学特征

对彩霞山铅锌矿床矿石矿物和围岩的硫、铅同位素及脉石矿物的氢、氧同位素地球化学特征进行了研究。分析结果显示,成矿物质来源于地壳和地幔的混合;硫来源主要为同化了海水硫酸盐的岩浆硫,并有少量生物还原硫参与。氢、氧同位素指示成矿流体早期可能有岩浆热液,主成矿期主要是地层中的建造水参与成矿。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Influence of livestock soil eutrophication on floral composition in the Pyrenees mountains

Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien     

General Table of Contents(Vol.11,2014)

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介绍GPS定位中的几个概念

文章概略介绍了利用卫星进行定位的原理 ;由卫星信号传播、信号接收和SA政策等引起的理论误差 ;给出了多种快速、高精度定位的工作模式和观测点选择的原则 ;列出了将WGS - 84坐标转换为我国坐标的公式及解算参数的具体方法 ,供读者在GPS工作中参考。