航空影像和快鸟卫星影像结合更形地形图的方法探讨

介绍了利用航空影像和快鸟卫星影像相结合的方法更新1：10000地形图的方法。由于生产区域的航空影像是2002年航摄的,现势性较差,随着当地经济的飞速发展,部分地区变化较大,新增地物较多。因此,确定了利用航空影像和0．61m的OuickBird影像相结合的方法更新该区域的1：10000地形图,经过实践证明,该方法可以推广使用。     

灰度级形态学及在扫描影像处理中的应用

讨论了灰度级形态学的基本原理和利用灰度级形态变换进行处理扫描影像的方法。提出了灰度影像细化和影像背景淹没滤波的形态学方法，并通过扫描等高线地图影像处理验证了方法的有效性。     

卫星影像图制作技术浅谈

目前许多国家都发射了各种类型的遥感卫星,如何充分利用卫星像片已成为非常紧迫的问题。根据实际工作经验和学习体会,介绍了利用卫星影像制作影像图的常规方法、常用数据处理技术和步骤,总结了一些在实践中得到的经验和技巧。     

基于多源卫星影像SVM分类方法的研究

简要介绍了卫星影像的预处理过程--纠正和融合,对3种常用融合方法SFIM融合、HIS融合和Brovey融合进行了分析比较,在此基础上对卫星影像的分类方法进行了比较分析,重点研究并详细介绍了多源卫星影像SVM分类方法.     

QuickBird影像多波段融合技术的研究

本文通过分析QuickBird影像的多波段物理特性,提出了基于局部区域活性测度匹配的IHS＋小波变换的融合方法。算法首先将多光谱影像进行IHS变换,然后在频率域运用基于局部区域活性测度匹配原则将1分量和高分辨率影像进行小波变换融合。通过和传统的IHS＋小波变换的融合方法的实验进行比较,该方法具有较好的融合效果。     

陕西省设区市高分辨率影像地图的设计与编制

影像地图具有影像与线划地图的双重优势,读者无需专门的地图知识便能对图上的内容一目了然,受到广大读者的接受和喜爱。本文结合陕西省十个设区市高分辨率影像地图的设计与编制,介绍了影像地图的总体设计思想以及编制的关键技术和方法。     

地理空间影像信息管理系统开发的探讨

本文探讨了如何利用ERDAS软件建立影像信息管理系统的方法及关键技术。     

竖井井壁影像的无缝拼接技术研究

煤矿井筒是煤矿安全生产的咽喉部位,对确保煤矿安全生产有着重要的意义,其安全状况及病害变换趋势可由竖井井壁影像获取。本文针对井壁影像的纹理结构极大相似、影像对比度较差、亮度不足等特点,提出一种基于最小二乘法拟合速度模型的影像拼接方法。首先对影像进行裁剪、亮度增强等预处理,再根据设备及相机的运行参数拟合影像拼接模型,由模型参数建立影像拼接索引,最后分区进行拼接。实验结果表明:该方法既满足了实际需求,又提高了影像拼接在矿井巡检中的实际应用价值,取得了满意的效果。     

基于局部差异加权的遥感影像融合方法研究

在分析现有遥感影像融合方法的基础上,针对多源遥感影像之间的地物差异.提出了一种基于局部差异加权的融合方法(local difference powering fusion,LDPF).实验表明,该方法能在提高空间分辨率和保持光谱特征的同时.较好地解决空间信息差异的问题.     

基于小波影像金字塔的影像自动匹配

数字影像高精度快速匹配是遥感影像3维信息提取的关键技术之一，文中对如何实现数字影像自动化匹配进行了研究，提出了一种基于小波影像金字塔的数字影像自动匹配方法。该方法在生成小波影像金字塔的基础上，利用交叉相关算法实现不同影像金字塔同一层影像间的匹配，利用视差控制将同名点从金字塔高层影像向低层影像进行传递。利用该方法对具体的SPOT影像进行了实验，表明基于小波影像金字塔的数字影像自动匹配方法具有较好的效果。     

航空数字摄影测量传感器系统新进展

近些年来,随着数字成像技术的快速发展,大幅面框幅式数字航空成像系统和机载三线阵成像系统正得到迅速推广和应用,本文根据数字成像系统的新特点及国内外主要研究方向,参考第21届国际摄影测量与遥感大会中关于该专题的49篇文章,对航空数字成像系统的数据处理与系统集成、Leica ADS40系统、VEXCEL/Microsoft UltraCamD/UltraCamX系统、Intergraph DMC系统、无人机（UAV）数字航空成像系统等研究方向进行了总结。     

Image Sources for Informal Settlement Management

Informal settlements are a common feature of developing countries. In South Africa the improvement of living conditions in these settlements and the upgrading to formal housing types are regarded as being of central importance to the nation's development. Effective settlement improvement and upgrading activities, which we here term "management", require adequate spatial data. To date, the acquisition of spatial models of informal settlements has been based on conventional mapping techniques, and mostly on photogrammetry. Data are compiled using analogue or analytical methods. These are manual and hence require both considerable expertise and expensive equipment. Moreover, these methods are uneconomical over the often relatively small, densely populated areas covered by informal settlements and are also too expensive to employ with a regularity required to support such tasks as change detection. Alternative imaging sources and mapping techniques are therefore needed.
In this article we examine the problem of spatial information acquisition for informal settlement management from three perspectives: spatial information requirements, the role which imagery can play in satisfying these spatial information requirements, and effective imaging options. We focus on the potential of high resolution satellite imaging, small format digital aerial imagery and digital multispectral video systems for rapid mapping. We also discuss the example of automated shack extraction from aerial imagery.     

Orthophotograph Production in Urban Areas

This paper investigates possible solutions to the problem of urban orthophotography. Extensive work has been carried out to attain the best possible results, using all the existing software in the Department of Geomatic Engineering, University College London. Two of the most promising methods, which yield the best results, are analysed further. New routines were written in C language, as additions to the existing software, to allow for the special problems that arise in urban areas. The final results overcome the problem of double mapping (or occlusions) and will potentially enable even greater success to be achieved. A simple accuracy assessment of the results has been made. Difficulties and current limitations are analysed and presented.     

高分辨率卫星遥感数据在城市地图更新中的应用

城市地图是全面反映城市发展和城市社会经济现象的综合信息载体,是城市基础空间数据库和城市GIS的重要组成部分。文章就高分辨率卫星遥感数据在城市地图更新中的工艺、生产平台、影像纠正、影像融合、地图更新的方法及应用进行了探讨。     

Multi-temporal RADARSAT-2 polarimetric SAR for maize mapping supported by segmentations from high-resolution optical image

Due to its ability to penetrate the cloud, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has been a great resource for crop mapping. Previous research has verified the applicability of SAR imagery in object-oriented crop classification, however, speckle noise limits the generation of optimal segmentation. This paper proposed an innovative SAR-based maize mapping method supported by optical image, Gaofen-1 PMS, based segmentation, named as parcel-based SAR classification assisted by optical imagery-based segmentation (os-PSC). Polarimetric decomposition was applied to extract polarimetric parameters from multi-temporal RADARSAT-2 data. One Gaofen-1 image was then used for parcel extraction, which was the basic unit for SAR image analysis. The final step was a multi-step classification for final maize mapping including: the potential maize mask extraction, pure/mixed maize parcel division and an integrated maize map production. Results showed that the overall accuracy of the os-PSC method was 89.1%, higher than those of pixel-level classification and SAR-based segmentation methods. The comparison between optical- and SAR-based segmentation demonstrated that optical-based segmentation would be better at representing maize field boundaries than the SAR-based segmentation. Moreover, the parcel- and pixel-level integrated classification will be suitable for many agricultural systems with small landownership where inter-cropping is common. Through integrating advantages of the SAR and optical data, os-PSC shows promising potentials for crop mapping.     

Rectification of Slant Range Imagery Through a Direct Image to Ground Relationship

A theoretical model for describing a direct image to ground relationship for slant range images extracted from synthetic aperture radar imaging satellites (for instance ERS-1 and ERS-2) is formulated. The rigorous orbital model is based on orbital parameters. Transformations and equations describing the relationship are derived.     

Mapping deer habitat suitability using remote sensing and geographic information systems

This paper describes an effort to map the habitat for the Eastern Tehama Deer Herd located in Northern California. The range of this herd encompasses almost 600,000 hectares (1.5 million acres). Knowledge of the spatial distribution of suitable habitat is prerequisite to managing the deer herd. Remote sensing and GIS are appropriate tools for such an assessment. Remotely sensed data were used to map vegetation/land cover. These data along with elevation, aspect, slope, juxtaposition, and various buffer zones were input into a GIS and a model was used to produce a map of habitat suitability. The accuracy of the vegetation/land cover map was assessed and methods for validating the habitat suitability map are presented.     

月球卫星三线阵CCD影像EFP光束法空中三角测量

本文对月球卫星摄影三线阵CCD影像的EFP(等效框幅相片)光束法空中三角测量作两种处理:一是与现行摄影测量常用的将平差转到切面坐标系进行,二是在摄影测量坐标系内,长航线自由网EFP光束法平差利用三线CCD推扫特点,在EFP平差中增加对前、后视影像的相机主距的附加改正项,用以补偿由于球面曲率产生的前、后视影像比例尺的差异,平差得到的是平面基准的地面坐标及外方位元素的平差值。前者计算,数学上严格,但长航线要适当分段为切面处理;后者计算数学上有近似性,可方便地用于估算卫星姿态变化率,或作地面模型的几何反演等实验研究。利用嫦娥一号获取的第一条航线,并给出相应的结果。     

ArcGIS ModelBuilder模型设计方法在影像解译中的应用

在影像解译的工作过程中,需要对大量的栅格和矢量数据进行处理,绝大部分的数据处理工作是一种流程化的重复操作。ModelBuilder是一个ArcGIS平台下一个用来创建、编辑和管理模型的应用程序。文中利用ModelBuilder快速地构建模型,模型根据设定的程序自动处理数据,在一定程度上提高影像解译工作的效率,保证最终成果质量。     

On-the-fly server-based aerial imagery management system

Aerial images are valuable products when dealing with both geospatial and geotemporal analysis. Nowadays, they are widely used for many different purposes and by an extensive public, including private companies, official administrations and individual users. Although in the past few years there has been an increasing interest in showing all kinds of geographical information on the World Wide Web, access to aerial imagery and its dissemination are still difficult and lack flexibility. This paper introduces an aerial imagery management system based on client–server principles, operated so as to allow users quick and efficient queries, processing and management of huge sets of photogrammetric imagery stored on raster servers. It is a novel product that is ready to provide image-based cartographic data available in public and private digital warehouses, facilitating all the required visualisations and queries, as well as geometric and radiometric processing on the fly. This paper shows the design, system architecture and various functionalities of the system in a real-life scenario.