ENERGY FLOW OF BELLAMYA AERUGINOSA IN A SHALLOW ALGAL LAKE, HOUHU LAKE (WUHAN, CHINA)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＢｅｌｌａｍｙａａｅｒｕｇｉｎｏｓａｉｓａｇａｓｔｒｏｐｏｄｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｂｅｌｏｎｇｉｎｇｔｏＶｉｖｉｐａｒｉｄａｅ .Ｂｅｉｎｇａｄｅｔｒｉｔｉｖｏｒｅ,ｔｈｅｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｉｓｃｏｍｍｏｎｌｙｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｉｎｍｏｓｔｆｒｅｓｈｗａｔｅｒｂｏｄｉｅｓ.Ｉｎｂｉｏｍａｓｓ,ｔｈｉｓａｎｉｍａｌｉｓｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｄｏｍｉｎａｎｔｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｏｆｍａｃｒｏｚｏｏｂｅｎｔｈｏｓ,ｓｏｉｔｐｌａｙｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｃｉｒｃｕｌａ…     

ANNUAL LAMINATIONS IN THE SEDIMENTS OF HONGFENG LAKE, CHINA

ＡＮＮＵＡＬ　ＬＡＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＳ　ＩＮ　ＴＨＥ　ＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＳ　ＯＦ　ＨＯＮＧＦＥＮＧ　ＬＡＫＥ，　ＣＨＩＮＡＡＮＮＵＡＬＬＡＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＳＩＮＴＨＥＳＥＤＩＭＥＮＴＳＯＦＨＯＮＧＦＥＮＧＬＡＫＥ，ＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＷｕＦｅｎｇｃｈａｎｇ；Ｗａ...     

PALEOCLIMATIC CHANGES IN DABUSU LAKE

Study on the carbonate content and oxygen isotope of a sediment section in Dabusu Lake revealed that this region has experienced several cold-wet and warm-dry climatic cycles since 15400 a BP. It was about 6740 a BP when the climate in the region reached a relatively stable warm stage, so that the lake water was gradually condensed and finally a saline lake was formed.     

STUDIES ON THE PLANKTON AND SEDIMENT DIATOMS IN XUANWU LAKE , NANJING, CHINA

The sediment diatom data based on a 16cm long sediment core removed from near the center of the lake indicated that nutrient pollution tolerant diatoms have replaced pollution intolerant taxa which were common near the base of the core (about 35 years before present ). These observations support the hypothesis that there is progressive eutrophication in Xuanwu Lake . This conclusion is corroborated by direct comparisons of the present day phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition within the lake and published accounts of its species composition during the mid 1970s.     

THE STUDY ON CLIMATIC CHANGES AND LAKE LEVEL FLUCTUATIONS OF OINGHAIB LAKE IN HOLOCENE

According to loess and palaeosol climatic record, field observation, analysis data and 14C dating, we discuss the climatic changes and the water level fluctuations of Qinghai Lake. It is pointed out that there were four relatively warm and moist stages in Qinghai Lake basin during the Holocene. They formed in the periods from 10,300 yr.B.P. to 8,500 yr.B.P., 7,000 yr.B.P. to 3,500 yr.B.P., 2,800 yr.B.P. to 2,000 yr.B.P. and from 1,300 yr.B.P. up to now. The climate in the Holocene optimum period, from 7,000 yr.B.P. to 3,500 yr.B.P., was much warmer and moister than that today. Polypodium plant grew luxuriantly around Qinghai Lake. The annual temperature was 2.5℃ higher than that today, but there was no forest at Qinghai Lake shore. It is found that there was a good relationship between precipitation and water level fluctuation. In warm and moist period water level was high and in the cold and dry period it was low in the Holocene. There were four high water level periods for Qinghai Lake in the Holocen     

WATER EVAPORATION ENVIRONMENT IN TAIHU LAKE REGION

To the Taihu region water evaporation environmt of water surface with plants, intruded salt watersurface, shallow water surface in rice fields etc., polluted water surface and hot water surface havenow been added in recent years, as a result of economic development. This study on the regularitiesof evaporation from all the above water surfaces showed that evaporation will increase from some surfaces, but from the others.     

BIOGEOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF POSTDEPOSITIONAL MIGRATION OF Fe AND Mn IN LAKE AHA, CHINA

I.INTRODUCTIONLakeAhaisamedium--sizedartificialreservoirwithseasonallyanoxichypolirnnion,andawaterresourceofGuizhouProvince,China,builtin1958,workedin1960andexpandedin1982.Ithasadrainagebasinof190kmZwithaverageannualtemperatureof15.3tandprecipitationof1109rum.Openplantcover,containiflgshrubandgrass,surroundsthelake,andsialliticandstfeteyellowsoilisdevelopedonPe~ianlimestoneandcoallayer,meanwhile,OThisprojectwassupportedbytheNationalNaturalaudienceFOundationofChinaandtheaudienceFOund…     

A NEW SPECIES OF CILIATES, HEMIOPHRYS POLYMICRONUCLEI SP. NOV. FROM DONGHU LAKE, HUBEI PROVINCE

A new species of ciliates Hemophrys polymicronuclei sp. nov. from Donghu Lake is described. It is characterized by its colorless to yellowish, soft, flat and spindle-shaped body with four micronuclei.The right side of the body is a little more convex than the left side, and more transparent at both anterior and posterior ends. Its slit-like cytostome accounts for 1/4 of the body length on the left side without any trichocyst. There are two rows of trichites near the right anterior end ,6 - 8 straight bristles on the pellicle opposite the cytostome, 23-25 rows of kinetides on the right side of the body, two ellipsoid macronuclei and many contractile vacuoles in the cytoplasm.     

ANNUAL PRODUCTION OF BRANCHIURA SOWERBYI (OLIGOCHAETA: TUBIFICIDAE) IN THE DONGHU LAKE, WUHAN, CHINA

Branchiura sowerbyi in the Donghu Lake (Wuhan, China) completes its life cycle in one year. Its production rates were 6.7 g m-8 yr-1 (wet weight) during the period from April 1962 to May 1963 and 8.6 g m-2 yr-1 during the period from August 1963 to August 1964. The standing stocks in corresponding periods were 1.9 g m-2 (wet weight) and 1.1 gm-2, and the P/B ratios were 3.6 and 7.8. Based on the standing stock during 1973-1975, an evaluation of recent productin levels of B. sowerbyi in Donghu Lake has also been made (i.e. 5.7-33.5 g m-2 yr-1).     

HYDROLOGIC/HYDRAULIC MODELLING AND FLOOD RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE WEST TIAOXI CATCHMENT, TAIHU LAKE REGION, CHINA

1INTRODUCTIONTheWestTiaoxiRiver,startingatthenorthernpartoftheTianmuMountains,northwestoftheZhejiangProvince,geographicallyrunsacrosstheHuzhouPrefecturefromsouthwesttonortheastwhereitdischargesintotheTaihuLake,thethirdbiggestfreshwaterlakeinChina.ItisthelargestinflowriveroftheTaihuLakeandhasalengthof150kminitsmaximumcourse.Itscatchmentcoversanareaof3654km2ofwhich65％ismountainregion.Therearefourcountylevelregionsinthiscatchment.Excepttheonewhichonlyhas132km2inareabelongingtotheXuanc…     

Energy flow in Branchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta: tubificidae) in a shallow macrophyte-dominated lake, Biandantang Lake

The energy flow ofBranchiura sowerbyi was studied for the first time in China in a shallow macrophytic lake, Biandantang Lake, Hubei Province. The energy flow was calculated from the measurement of flesh production (12.5241kJ/m²a), egestion (517.7302kJ/m²a), metabolism (38.3273 kJ/m²a), and excretion (4.3798kJ/m²a). The net growth efficiency of the species is about 22.7%, which accords well with the generally reported value for oligochaetes. In addition, the relationship between starvation respiration (R, mgO₂/ind·d), wet weight (Ww, mg) and temperature (T, °C) were also measured, with the regression function beingR=0.008Ww^0.736 e^0.050T. Project supported by NSFC (30270278, 3960019), the foundation of the government of Hubei Province (No. 2000J109), and the foundation of Ecological Station, CAS in the Institute of Hydrobiology.     

Energy Flow of Macrozoobenthos Community in an Algal Lake, Houhu Lake（Wuhan, China）

INTRODUCTIONMacrozoobenthos ,amajorgroupofaquaticfauna ,playsanimportantroleinthematerialcycleandenergyflowinawaterecosystem .Inrecentdecades ,interestinthebioenergeticsofthisgrouphasgrownrapidly .Aspectsofthebioenergeticsofmanybenthicfreshwaterspecieshavebeenpub lished .Owingtodifficultyinsamplecollectionandspecimenprocessing ,studiesofthebenthiccom munityhavereceivedlessattention .Withfisherydevelopmentandthelakeeutrophicationproblem ,investigationsontheecologicalfunctionofthelakecommun…     

Starvation metabolism of two common species of chironomids in Biandantang Lake

1 INTRODUCTION Chironomid larvae are main groups in most aquatic ecosystems, playing a crucial ecological role in decomposition of detritus and material ex- changes between water column and the sediment (Liang et al., 1995a, b; Chen, et al., 1982). They a…     

Effects of salinity, light and temperature on growth rates of two species of Gracilaria （Rhodophyta）

Effects of temperature, salinity and light intensity on growth rates of Gracilaria lichenoides and G. tenuistipitata var. liui Zhang et Xia were tested. Eight to ten levels of each factor were first tested separately. The best growth rate was obtained under the conditions of 32°C, 30 and 240 μmol/(m²·s) for G. lichenoides, and 24°C, 20 and 200 μmol/(m²·s) for G. tenuistipitata, respectively. Then a uniform design was used to evaluate the optimal combinations of the three factors. The best conditions for the highest daily specific growth rates (% increase in wet weight) are determined to be 31.30°C, 32.10, and 287.23 μmol/(m²·s) for G. lichenoides (16.26%/d), and 25.38°C, 21.10, and 229.07 μmol/(m²·s) for G. tenuistipitata (14.83%/d), respectively. Supported by the 908 Special Program (908-02-04-07), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2006CB400608), and K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University     

Effects of ration, temperature and body weight on metabolism in young black porgy

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｉｎｆｉｓｈｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓｓｔａｎｄａｒｄｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍ(ＲＳ)ｒｏｕｔｉｎｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍ(ＲＲ),ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃｄｙｎａｍｉｃａｃｔｉｏｎ(ＳＤＡ)ａｎｄａｃｔｉｖｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍ(ＲＡ),ｒｅｌａｔｅｄａｓ:　　ＲＴ=ＲＳ ＲＲ ＳＤＡ ＲＡｗｈｅｒｅＲＳｉｓｔｈｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｓｈａｔｒｅｓｔ;ＲＲｔｈｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｏｆｔｈｅｒｏｕｔｉｎｅｌｙａｃｔｉｖｅｆｉｓｈ;ＳＤＡｔｈｅｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｓｍｏｆｔｈ…     

Life cycle and production of chironomidae (diptera) in Biandantang, a typical macrophytic lake (Hubei, China)

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｆｅｈｉｓｔｏｒｙａｎｄｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｓｏｆａｎｉｍａｌｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｈａｖｅａｌｏｎｇｈｉｓｔｏｒｙ (Ｌｉｎ ｄｅｇａａｒｄ ,1 989) ,ｆｅｗｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｒａｔｅｏｆｂｅｎｔｈｉｃｍａｃｒｏｉｎｖｅｒｔｅｂｒａｔｅｓｗｅｒｅｃａｒｒｉｅｄｏｕｔｉｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｗａｔｅｒｓ (Ｌｉａｎｇ ,1 984 ) .Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｆｉｓｈｅｒｉｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｄｅｔｅｒｉｏｒａｔｉｏ…     

Abundance and production ofBranchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta: Tubificidae) in two typical shallow lakes (Hubei, China)

An April 1996 to March 1997 comparative study on the abundance and secondary production ofBranchiura sowerbyi Beddard, 1892 in two typical shallow lakes showed that in Houhu, an algae-dominated lake, the worm density (68 ind·m⁻²) peaked in July, biomass (1.930 g·m⁻²) peaked in June, while in Biandantang, a macrophyte-dominated lake, standing stock (density: 60 ind·m⁻²; biomass: 1.019 g·m⁻² in wet weight) peaked in December. Secondary production of the animal in Houhu Lake was 3.413 g wet wt m⁻² a⁻¹, a little more than that (2.675 g wet wt m⁻² a⁻¹) in Biandantang Lake. Their turnover rates (P/B ratios) were 4.0 and 5.0, respectively. Project (39600019 and 39430101) supported by NSFC.     

Estimating areal carbon fixation of intertidal macroalgal community based on composition dynamics and laboratory measurements

The community dynamics and potential carbon ?xation of intertidal macroalgae were investigated monthly from April 2014 to April 2015 in the northwest coast of Yellow Sea. Seasonal variations in biomass and carbon ?xation were presented and showed close relationship with community structure.The carbon ?xation rate ranged from 0.48±0.13 mg C/(g FW ·d) to 4.35±0.12 mg C/(g FW ·d). Sargassum thunbergii, Chondrus ocellatus and Ulva intestinalis were three most in?uential species which contributed27%, 21.9% and 18.5% variation of carbon ?xation rate, respectively. Standing carbon stocks ranged from7.52 g C/m~2 to 41.31 g C/m~2, and estimated carbon stocks varied from 11.77 g C/m 2 to 96.49 g C/m~2. The larger dif ference between estimated and standing carbon stocks implied that more ?xed carbon was exported from the community in summer and autumn than in winter. This study suggested that intertidal macroalgal community could provide a potential function in carbon ?xation of coastal ecosystem.     

Distribution and accumulation of soil carbon in temperate wetland,northeast China

Estimating carbon sequestration and nutrient accumulation rates in Northeast China are important to assess wetlands function as carbon sink buffering greenhouse gas increasing in North Asia. The objectives of this study were to estimate accreting rates of carbon and nutrients in typical temperate wetlands. Results indicated that average soil organic carbon(SOC), total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) contents were 37.81%, 1.59% and 0.08% in peatlands, 5.33%, 0.25% and 0.05% in marshes, 2.92%, 0.27% and 0.10% in marshy meadows, respectively. Chronologies reconstructed by 210 Pb in the present work were acceptable and reliable, and the average time to yield 0–40 cm depth sediment cores was 150 years. Average carbon sequestration rate(Carbonsq), nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation rates were 219.4 g C/(m~2·yr), 9.16 g N/(m~2·yr) and 0.46 g P/(m~2·yr) for peatland; 57.13 g C/(m~2·yr), 5.42 g N/(m~2·yr) and 2.16 g P/(m~2·yr) for marshy meadow; 78.35 g C/(m~2·yr), 8.70 g N/(m~2·yr) and 0.71 g P/(m2·yr) for marshy; respectively. Positive relations existed between Carbonsq with nitrogen and precipitations, indicating that Carbonsq might be strengthened in future climate scenarios.     

Intraspecific genetic analysis, gamete release performance, and growth of Sargassum muticum （Fucales, Phaeophyta） from China

Sargassum muticum is one of the most abundant and conspicuous native macroalgae species on the northern coasts of China. It often forms large-scale seaweed beds in subtidal zones. This investigation was designed to understand the intraspecific genetic relationships of this alga based on samples collected from four northern coastal sites of China, and to evaluate gamete release and growth capacity in laboratory conditions. The nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 （ITS2） sequences of 16 samples from four locations were identical. Based on cox3 gene and partial rbcLS operon sequences, intraspecific genetic variability was detected with three and two ribotypes, respectively. Temperature, not irradiance, was shown to significantly affect gamete release and fertilization. Elevated temperature and irradiance enhanced the growth of germlings and vegetative branchlets. Maximum growth rate of germlings was detected at 18-24℃and an irradiance of 60-100 μmol photons/（m^2.s）. Under ambient conditions （12-25℃ and 60-125 gmol photons/ （m2.s））, relative growth rate of young branchlets could reach 7.5%/d.