NCEP／NCAR新近发布的再分析月平衡资料介绍

NCEP/NCAR新近发布的再分析月平均资料介绍1 998年 NCEP/ NCAR发布了 1 95 8～ 1 997年的 40 a再分析月平均资料。随着再分析计划执行的不断进展 ,目前这些资料覆盖的时间有了延伸 ,变量得到扩充。NCEP/ NCAR挑选了一些新的再分析产品编辑在一张 CD- ROM上发布。该光盘上的资料包括 :1 )月平均场 (一部分为 1 948～ 1 998年 ,另一部分为 1 95 8～ 1 998年 ) ;2 )气候场 ( 1 979～ 1 998年共 2 0 a的平均 ) ;3)观测场。除资料目录和文件以外 ,该光盘还存储着应用这些资料的软件及一些详细的文字叙述文件 ,内容丰富。这里简要介绍…     

中国区域再分析湿度资料与均一化探空湿度资料的对比分析

利用1980—2010年中国98个探空站均一化月平均温度和温度露点差资料(OBS)和NCEP/NCAR(NCEP)、ERAInterim(ERA)、JRA-25(JRA)3种再分析月平均比湿资料,使用相似分析、趋势分析等方法对中国区域4种资料高空比湿进行了对比分析。结果表明:(1)从空间分布特征分析,JRA比湿与OBS比湿的空间分布相似系数最大。(2)3种再分析资料比湿普遍大于OBS比湿,除个别站点个别层次外,JRA和OBS比湿更加接近;再分析比湿和OBS比湿的相对偏差随高度增加而增大,且冬春季大于夏季。(3)从长期变化趋势分析,在对流层低层,JRA和0BS比湿较接近,在对流层中高层ERA和OBS比湿较接近。     

资料通讯

第 5卷第 4期 (总第 17期 ) 2 0 0 0年 9月NCEP/ NCAR逐 6小时再分析资料简介继美国环境预报中心 ( NCEP)和国家大气研究中心 ( NCAR)联合推出月平均再分析资料( 1 949- 0 1 )和日平均再分析资料 ( 1 95 8- 0 1 - 0 1 )后 ,最近又正式对外发布逐 6 h再分析资料集( 1 95 8- 0 1 - 0 1 T0 0 ) ,这为研究天气尺度和中尺度系统变化过程提供了良好的条件 ,并能为中尺度数值模式及区域气候模式提供初始场和侧边界条件。该资料以 net CDF( network Common Data Form)的形式存储 ,通常可用 COLA发展的自由软件 Gr ADS或 PMEL发展的可…     

东北地区春季透雨早晚年的环流特征及与前期海温的关系

利用1960—2017年4—5月东北地区109个代表站点逐日降水量资料,NCEP/NCAR-I月平均再分析资料(位势高度场、风场等数据),以及NOAA重构的月平均海温资料,分析了东北地区春季透雨出现典型早、晚年的环流特征及与海温的关系.结果表明:(1)典型透雨偏早年的日期集中在4月中下旬,偏晚年的日期集中在5月中下旬....     

NCEP／NCAR再分析资料月平均数据集信息（三）

本期介绍南京大气资料服务中心收集到的NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均数据集系列资料之三———通量资料。该资料数据集延伸时段从1948年1月到2003年4月,共长55 a;区域范围覆盖全球(0~360°E;90°S~90°N);仅为地面一层,共有25个变量,统计内容一般包括累年月平均(mon.ltm)、累年日平均(DAY.ltm)、历年各月平均(mon.mean)、年际标准差(inter.std);四季昼夜距平(dailyamon)等。每个文件的命名规则一般是:(变量名).(平均时段).(统计方法).(数据存放格式),如:air2m.mon.mean.nc这个文件名的含义是:以netCDF格式存储的在离地2 m高处的历年月平均…     

资料通讯

第8卷第2期(总第28期)2005年10月ECMWF月平均资料介绍欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,简称ECM-WF)再分析月平均资料数据集是按00、06、12、18时4个时次分别统计,延伸时段从1957年9月到2002年8月,共45 a;区域范围覆盖全球(0°~360°E,90°S~90°N);高空资料垂直伸展达23个等压面层,分别是1 000、925、850、775、700、600、500、400、300、250、200、150、100、70、50、30、20、10、7、5、3、2、1 hPa。该数据集共有62个变量,其中高空11个,地面51个。每一个变量每个时次为一个文件,文件名…     

国家自然科学基金委员会地球科学部南京气象学院大气资料服务中心资料通讯

NCEP/ NCAR再分析资料月平均数据集信息 (一 )应用户的要求 ,南京大气资料服务中心最近收集了 NCEP/ NCAR再分析资料系列产品之一——等压面月平均资料。该资料数据集延伸时段从 194 8年到 2 0 0 3年 ,共长 5 5 a;区域范围覆盖全球 (0～ 36 0°E;90°S～ 90°N) ;垂直方向从地面向上 17个等压面层分别为 10 0 0 ,92 5 ,85 0 ,70 0 ,6 0 0 ,5 0 0 ,4 0 0 ,30 0 ,2 5 0 ,2 0 0 ,15 0 ,10 0 ,70 ,5 0 ,30 ,2 0 ,10 h Pa;要素内容包括气候日、月平均 ,历年各月平均 ,标准差 ,四季昼夜距平 ,要素场正交展开的主分量等 ,共计 5 0个文件。…     

青藏高原东部三种再分析资料与地面气温观测资料的对比分析

为了检验再分析资料在青藏高原(下称高原)的适用性,以地面观测资料为标准,综合比较了1989-2009年间NCEP/DOE(简称NCEP)、ERA-interim(ERA)和JRA-25(JRA)三种再分析资料在高原东部地区的月平均地面气温的分布和变化规律。从平均季节变化来看,夏季再分析资料与观测资料的一致性总体好于冬季,其中NCEP资料整体偏低于观测资料,JRA则相反。从线性趋势来看,ERA和JRA资料与观测资料较一致,均表现出高原东部区域整体增暖趋势,而NCEP资料则表现出略微的下降趋势。从年际尺度变化来看,ERA和JRA资料所反映的年际变化和变率特征要好于NCEP资料,并且JRA资料的结果要优于ERA资料。最后,比较了三种再分析资料的质量指数,发现ERA资料质量最好,NCEP资料最差,而且NCEP和JRA资料在近20年质量有变差趋势,ERA资料有变好趋势;ENSO、东亚季风和高原季风对再分析资料地面气温场的质量均有一定的影响。     

纬向平均的气候温度场特征分析

利用40aNCEP/NCAR全球再分析资料所给定的图,分析了季(月)平均温度场的纬向平均分布,得出了温度随高度的分布特征,温度随纬度的变化特征,温度随季节变化和时间演变的分布特征。     

东亚冬季风异常对区域气溶胶分布的影响

气溶胶已是东亚地区最主要的大气污染物之一,其时空分布会受到东亚季风气候的影响.利用2000～2014年MODIS/AOD (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer/Aerosol Optical Depth)和NCEP月平均气象场再分析资料,本研究分析了东亚冬季风长期...     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.