西沙群岛星虫类研究Ⅱ——管体星虫属一新种

The present paper is the second part of a series of studies on the Sipunculoids of the Xisha Islands,South China Sea. In 1982, nine species including Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein) (Sato, 1939 locality is Taiwan) is identified belonging to six genera and recorded by the author.In this paper, regarded as a new species, the Siphonosoma nanhaiensis is descibed with a morphologically comparison with other 5 species of the very genus found in Indo-Pacific region.     

On a new Siphonophora from the East China Sea and South China Sea

In the course of identifying the samples of Siphonophora from the East China Sea and South China Sea, a new Siphonophora, Vogtia microsticella sp. nov. , was noted. The new species is distinguished from other five species in the genus in nectophore as follows: Parahorse-shoe shaped with five bluntly rounded projections, the two projections below the ostium, i. e. the basal projections, approach each other. The dorsal facet is smooth without any gelatinous prominence. Smaller are the nectosac and the ostium.     

Taxonomic diversity of fish assemblages in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters

Taxonomic diversity of fish assemblages in the Changjiang Estuary(Yangtze River Estuary) and its adjacent waters was analyzed based on bottom trawl surveys carried out by R/V Beidou in June,August and October 2006.Four groups of fishes were identified for each survey by the twoway indicator species analysis(TWIA).Taxonomic distinctness,species richness and phylogenetic diversity were used to detect changes in taxonomic structure of fish assemblages.Most dominant fish species mainly belonged to Perciformes,Pleuronectiformes,Clupeiformes,Scorpaeniformes and Tetraodontiformes.Species richness in offshore waters of the survey area was higher than that in the other area.The average taxonomic distinctness value(AvTD,△+ ) of each fish assemblage was close to the average taxonomic distinctness of master list in the Changjiang Estuary(79.9),and had a positive correlation with species richness and Shannon diversity index(H ).A negative correlation was found between variations in taxonomic distinctness(VarTD,Λ + ) and traditional diversity indices,which were caused by fish species component that led to longer average path lengths among species.Taxonomic diversity index(△) had the similar results with species richness,H ,Simpson diversity index(D) and Pielou's evenness index(J ).VarTD also kept stable,which further certificated that fish assemblages and ecological environment were in equilibrium.Taxonomic distinctness index(△* ) was relatively stable in most of fish assemblages,and had higher values in some fish assemblages for a few absolutely dominant species.The present study showed that fish community formed new equilibrium stability in 2006 in the Changjiang Estuary when compared with those in the corresponding months of annual survey from 1985 to 1986.And AvTD in each sampling station was lower than AvTD of master list in the Changjiang Estuary,so some ecological niches were absent in each sampling stations from taxonomic or phylogenetic relationships,these would be helpful to stock natural resource and maintain ecological equilibruim of fish assemblages.     

THE INTERACTION OF COPPER WITH GOETHITE, HEMATITE AND AMORPHOROUS IRON OXIDE IN SEAWATER

1.This paper deals with a discovery of ours-a new type of isotherm in seawater systems, which cannot be represented by the adsorption isotherm equation available at present in marine chemistry. It has two characteristics as follows: (I) the non-linear relationship between the ion exchanged amount of particulate matter and the equilibrium concentration in the initial low concentration portion of the curve, showing instead an exponental function with slight concave upward. (2) the isotherm is made up of two “S shape” curves, which intersect each othernear the middle, with one “Knee” and two“Plateaus” at the intersection.     

The genus Neomonoceratina(Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Cainozoic of the West Pacific margins

Fourteen species of Neomonoceratina from the West Pacific margins are considered in the present paper, of which two species and one subspecies are described as new. Lectotypes have been designated for three of Brady's 1868 species (N. bataviana, N. iniqua and N. rhomboidea) and also for two of Kingma's 1948 species (N. macropora and N. microreticulata).The taxonomic confusion within the genus, particularly with respect to N. crispata, N. delicata, N. dongtaiensis, N. iniqua and N. microreticulata, is clarified and the zoogeographical implication of the distribution of the genus is discussed.     

Development of taxonomic rRNA-targeted probes of two harmful algae: Prorocentrum minimum and Karenia mikimotoi by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Harmful algal blooms recently have been under the spotlight throughout the world, because of their negative impact on the marine environment, aquaculture, fisheries as well as public health. The development of methods for rapid and precise identification and quantification of causative species is essential for the warning and monitoring of blooms, among which the techniques based on taxonomic probes are the most favored. In this study, two harmful algae, i.e., Prorocentrum minimum and Karenia mikimotoi were taken into consideration. The partial large subunit rDNA (D1-D2) of both species were firstly PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced. The obtained sequences were then introduced to carry out alignment analysis for gene specific regions. Three respective candidate probes for each species were designed and used to screen the optimal probe by performing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) tests. The results showed that the probes Pmin0443 and Kmik0602 displayed the best hybridization for P. minimum and K. mikimotoi, respectively. Both the specific (taxonomic) (Pmin0443 and Kmik0602) and the control probes (UniC0512 and UniR0499) were used for cross-reactivity tests with other microalgae in our laboratory. The probes Pmin0443 and Kmik0602 are specific and could be served as taxonomic probes introduced into the techniques targeting rRNA, such as FISH, sandwich hybridization, and DNA-microarray assay of P. minimum and K. mikimotoi in the future. Finally, FISH analyses with both probes were performed on the simulated field samples. The probes could hybridize exclusively with the target cells well, and no significant difference (p >0.05) was observed in the cell densities of the samples determined by FISH and light microscopy (LM). All suggest that the probes are specific and could be introduced into FISH for the monitoring of both harmful algae.     

Notes Effects of four nitrogen substrates on growth of several red tide species

Eight common red tide species including the Dinoflagellates Alexcandrium tamarense,Prorocentrum minimum , Prorocentrum mican , Diatoms Skeletonema costatum , Cerataulina pelag-ica, Leptocylindrus minimus, a Raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo and a Chrysophyte Isochrysis galbana were chosen to study the effect of four nitrogen substrates (NO_3 - N, NH_4 - N, Urea - N, Mixed - N) on the growth of these algae. After two transfers, the results showed that at N concentration of 550 μmol,, NO_3 - N was the best nitrogen source among these four nitrogen substrates; Urea - N and Mixed - N were also good for the growth of most algae, but not as good as NO_3 - N for some species; NH_4 - N inhibited the growth of all these species except H. akashiwo. At concentrations of 280 and 50 μmol experiments on the growth of I. galbana , P. minimum and L. minimus in NH_4 - N and NO_3 - N substrates were also performed. The results showed that the growth rates of I. galbana were not significantly different from each other in     

Aequorea taiwanensis n. sp. (Hydrozoa, Leptomedusae) and mtCOI sequence analysis for the genus Aequorea

Aequorea taiwanensis, a new hydrozoan species from the Taiwan Strait was described using morphological and molecular characteristics. Both morphological and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) data supported A. taiwanensis n. sp. as a valid species. Sequence divergence and genetic distance of A. taiwanensis n. sp., A. papillata and A. conica were analysed based on the mtCOI gene sequences. The mtCOI sequences from these three species of the genus Aequorea showed high variation frequency, with sequence divergences ranging from 9.10% to 11.9%, and pairwise genetic distances ranging from 0.097 to 0.130. MtCOI sequence analysis provided diagnostic molecular systematic characteristics for accurate identification and discrimination of the species of Aequorea or their populations, and will be used to resolve evolutionary relationships among them.It was suggested that 10%—20% pairwise mtCOI sequence differences indicated the specieslevel divergence among congeneric species in the Hydromedusae.     

Three new species of Genus Cryptonatica (Gastropoda, Naticidae) from Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass

This report based on the results of investigations conducted in June 2007 and July 2008, respectively, on the benthic community structure and characteristic diversity of the Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) Cold Water Mass, as well as that in July 1959 during the national oceanic survey. The Naticidae specimens collected from Cold Water Mass in middle and northern Huanghai Sea were studied through morphological classiˉcation and the internal anatomy on radula. Three new species of Naticidae, i.e., Cryptonatica purpurfunda sp. nov., Cryptonatica sphaera sp. nov., and Cryptonatica striatica sp. nov. were identiˉed. The morphological characteristics of the new species are described, and the similarties and di?erences between the new species and similar species are compared and discussed.     

Two new species of Exogone and Sphaerosyllis (Polychaeta, Syllidae)from the Huanghai Sea

-In a study of meiofauna polychaete from the Huanghai Sea, two new species belonging to Exogane and Sphaerosyllis were found and described in this paper. The two new species differ from the other species in the two genera mainly by the dorsal cirri, chaetation and distribution of papillae.     

AHP RESIN AND ITS URANIUM ADSORPTION MECHANISM

I. INTRODUCTION AHP resin is a new type of adsorbent and has been studied by the units concernedfor several years. There is little report about this work so far. AHP resin was synthesizedin aqueous phase with tetra-ethylene pentamine (TEPA), epichlorohydrin (ECH) andC-reagent as raw materials, and basic zinc carbonate (P_Z_n) and rubber solvent oil (120Gasoline) as pore-forming material. Compared with the technique of the amorphous lumpresin and that of the resin synthesized in oil phase, the new technique of resin synthesizedin aqueous phase manifests many advantages, such as raising the capacity of uranium-adsorption of the resin, simplifying the after-treatment process, reducing the cost, etc. Sea water, in which all kinds of cation and anion exist, is a system of electrolytes,and the concentrations of many ions are higher than the concentration of uranium for     

Arietellus unisetosus-a new species of calanoid copepod from the tropical waters of the central Pacific Ocean

A new species, Arietellus unisetosus n. sp, (Copepods, Calanoida, Arietellidae, Arietellus) sampled from the tropical waters of the central Pacific Ocean is described. It is easily distinguished from the other known congeneric species by the following some characters (female):the caudal rami asymmetrical, the outer margin of left ramus swollen, knob-like; leg 5:both knob-like endopods each with a long apical seta; both lobate exopods without any terminal spine, etc.     

Morphological observation and rbcL gene sequences studies of two new species, Grateloupia dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao, sp. nov. and G. yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan, sp. nov. (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from China

A few species in the genus Grateloupia (Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta) have been investigated in detail with respect to morphological observations and molecular analyses.In this study,the authors document the vegetative and reproductive structures of two new species of Grateloupia,G.dalianensis H.W.Wang et D.Zhao,sp.nov.and G.yinggehaiensis H.W.Wang et R.X.Luan,sp.nov.They both have the morphological character that carpogonial ampullae and auxiliary cell ampullae are the simple Grateloupia-type.The two species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by their distinctive morphological features respectively.Based on ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) gene sequences,the phylogenetic tree obtained in the study indicated that they are both embedded within the Grateloupia clade.G.dalianensis clusters a subclade with G.asiatica,and G.yinggehaiensis forms a single monophyletic subclade with G.hawaiiana.     

Information for Contributors

正Aims and Scope Being an international journal,China Ocean Engineering(COE)takes its prime function as the integration of new research concepts,equipment,technology,materials and structures and other scientific advances within the field of estuarial,coastal,offshore,and deepwater engineering with particular reference to developments.The Journal is concerned with all engineering aspects involved in the exploration and utilization of ocean     

Information for Contributors

正Aims and Scope Being an international journal,China Ocean Engineering(COE) takes its prime function as the integration of new research concepts,equipment,technology,materials and structures and other scientific advances within the field of estuarial,coastal,offshore,and deepwater engineering with particular reference to developments.The Journal is concerned with all engineering aspects involved in the exploration and utilization of ocean     

Information for Contributors

正Aims and Scope Being an international journal,China Ocean Engineering(COE)takes its prime function as the integration of new research concepts,equipment,technology,materials and structures and other scientific advances within the field of estuarial,coastal,offshore,and deepwater engineering with particular reference to developments.The Journal is concerned with all engineering aspects involved in the exploration and utilization of ocean     

Information for Contributors

正Aims and Scope Being an international journal,China Ocean Engineering(COE)takes its prime function as the integration of new research concepts,equipment technology,materials and structures and other scientific advances within the field of estuarial,coastal,offshore,and deepwater engineering with particular reference to developments.The Journal is concerned with all engineering aspects involved in the exploration and utilization of ocean