长江流域稻田生态系统的水分和养分转换过程

田间模拟施肥进步和灌溉模式的定位试验在中国科学院桃源农业生态试验站进行。结果表明施肥制度和水分管理模式显著地影响水分和养分的转化过程和生产效益。单施N的产量效应为4.5 kg/kg,而NP或NPK配施养分总的产量效应分别为8.8 kg/kg和8.0 kg/kg;有机物料循环的增产率为56.8%,在有机物料循环的基础上配施NPK化肥最大的增产率可达到80.1%;化肥应用的进步可使水稻产量增长62.5%或通过施肥实现的水稻产量中由于化肥应用所占的贡献份额为38.4%,有机无机肥配合水稻产量增长80.1%,或通过施肥达到的产量中有机无机肥配合所占的份额为44.4%。本区双季稻年灌溉需水量为5838 m³/hm²,年变异C.V = 8.3%。晚稻灌溉占全年的71%,7~9月是灌溉需水高峰期,占全年灌溉量的68%。生产灌溉效率 (灌溉水量与产量之比)：生物量3.67 kg/m³,精谷量1.48 kg/m³。常规管理田间水分分配为：蒸散占1/2,翻耕整地占1/6,植物构成占1/21,田间渗漏占1/14,其它环境耗水 (维持) 占1/5。耕灌雨养管理翻耕整地和田间渗漏比例过高。不同灌溉处理试验表明：双季稻生产的灌溉,以早稻保持水层灌溉,晚稻按需配额灌溉的模式比较适宜。     

灌水量对土壤水肥分布与春小麦水分利用效率的影响

通过对春小麦不同灌水量土壤剖面水分和可溶性养分分布、农田实际蒸散量、作物水分利用效率及生物指标等的测定与计算,对沙坡头层次性土壤种植春小麦最适宜灌水量进行了研究。结果表明:(1)在春小麦拔节期及扬花期,以500 m³·hm^-2、750 m³·hm^-2及1 000 m³·hm^-2水量灌溉,土壤剖面30~100 cm深度土壤含水量随灌水量的增加而明显增加。(2)拔节期3个灌溉水平土壤剖面可溶性养分含量分布的峰值均出现在 0~20 cm土层,但其浓度的下移随灌水量的增加而降低;扬花期土壤剖面可溶性养分含量的峰值随灌水量的增加而下移。在灌水量为500 m³·hm^-2时可溶性养分浓度最高。(3)作物耗水量和农田实际蒸散量均随灌水量的增加而增加,春小麦的水分利用效率则随灌水量的增加而降低,与灌水量为500 m³·hm^-2相比,灌水量为750 m³·hm^-2及1 000 m³·hm^-2时籽粒水分利用率分别降低83.33%和147.50%。可见,在该土壤上种植春小麦的最适宜灌水量为500 m³·hm^-2,灌水量可保持在土壤田间持水量40%左右。     

灌溉与施氮对黑河中游新垦沙地春小麦生长特性、耗水量及产量的影响

在黑河中游边缘绿洲新垦沙地设计大田试验,研究了不同灌溉量(估算春小麦生育期需水量的0.6、0.8、1.0倍)与施氮量(0、140、221和300 kg/hm2)对春小麦生长特性、耗水量及产量的影响.结果表明,灌溉与施氮对春小麦植株高度产生一定的影响,但其效果不明显.高灌溉量加大作物的耗水量,春小麦全生育期,高灌溉处理的耗水量比中等灌溉处理与低灌溉处理分别增加16.68%与36.88%.当施氮量小于221 kg/hm2时,增加施氮量可以提高地上部干物质量、单位面积粒数、单穗粒重与产量,从而提高水分利用效率(WUE);当施氮量大于221 kg/hm2时,高施氮量使大量干物质滞留于营养器官,导致成熟前物质的转移不充分,同时在土壤水分亏缺的条件下,高施氮处理加重干旱胁迫,从而使221 kg/hm2处理的地上部干物质量(4 159 kg/hm2)、单位面积粒数(3 774)、单穗粒重(259.42 mg)、产量(2 132.83 kg/hm2)与WUE(3.85 kg·mm-1·hm-2)在各施氮处理中最高.地上部干物质量、籽粒产量及产量构成要素随灌溉量的增加而增加.低灌溉处理的WUE显著高于中等灌溉处理与高灌溉处理处理,中等灌溉处理与高灌溉处理之间的WUE差异不显著.结果表明,低灌溉处理(春小麦全生育期灌溉量378 mm)与221 kg/hm2施氮是黑河中游边缘绿洲新垦沙地农田可以获得相对较高的经济产量与高WUE的最佳组合.     

沙坡头地区农田灌溉和施肥对氮淋溶量影响的研究

对沙坡头农田不同土壤类型养分和水分供给下0~2 m土壤层淋溶液的分析结果表明:不同类型土壤氮淋溶量差异显著(P < 0.05);同一类型土壤随水肥供给强度的增加,氮淋溶有增加的趋势,特别是灌水次数、土壤水分含量处理和总灌溉量与氮淋溶量间有强正相关关系(P < 0.05);低灌溉水平,氮淋溶量与施肥间无显著相关关系,而高灌溉水平下施肥和灌溉均是主导因子;灌淤土保持田间持水量 40%及以下土壤水分所有施肥水平,氮淋溶量间差异不显著(P > 0.05);风沙土低水低肥(保持田间持水量20%土壤水分)处理与灌淤土保持田间持水量 40%及以下土壤水分处理所有施肥水平无显著差异(P > 0.05),而风沙土高水高肥处理与灌淤土所有水肥处理间差异均显著(P < 0.05),低水低肥将是风沙土最低的氮淋溶界限,在传统农业条件下对该类土壤进行改良是必要的。     

干旱沙漠地区小麦田土壤水分变化的数值模拟

利用SWAP模拟程序模拟沙漠地区小麦土壤水势变化、水分利用的结果,无论是灌淤土,还是流动沙丘沙土,即使是在最低灌溉标准(土壤水分含量保持田间持水量的40%),小麦作物仍不受干旱威胁。由于每次灌溉水量偏大,以及土壤的高渗水特性,流动沙丘风沙土深层渗漏损失率高达60%~90%,而灌淤土也达30%~70%,这种损失随灌溉量增加而增加,这表明在这一地区将灌溉量降到目前的最低标准(6 490 m³·hm^-2)以下是值得考虑的。实验区土壤养分含量较低,且施肥改良土壤水肥保持能力的效果不能立即表现,在目前的施肥标准下,施肥量对土壤水势、以及水分利用率没有显著影响。流动沙丘沙土的灌溉量远高于灌淤土,但根系区土壤水势平均值、最低值均相对较高,特别是最低值是灌淤土的2~3倍。相比两种土壤,除在表土层、根系层土壤水势有明显差异之外,临界层以下土层并无显著差异。     

干旱区不同灌溉量下后备耕地土壤水盐动态变化规律研究

为促进后备耕地改良技术的优化和水资源的高效利用,在新疆奇台县对不同灌溉量下盐碱地土壤水盐在时间序列上的变化规律进行对比研究。试验设8个处理,对应的灌溉定额分别为:6 800 m3/hm2、5 200 m3/hm2、4 400 m3/hm2、3 600 m3/hm2、2 800 m3/hm2、2 000 m3/hm2、1 200 m3/hm2和0 m3/hm2。结果表明:灌后1~8 d,剖面土壤处于洗盐期,土壤洗盐率与灌溉量成正比;灌溉8 d后,剖面进入积盐期,浅层土壤积盐率与灌溉量呈指数关系,而深层土壤积盐率与灌溉量呈线性关系。灌后1~18 d,各处理土壤碱化现象明显,碱化程度与灌溉量呈正比。灌溉18 d后,土壤碱化现象均减弱。综合考虑高效用水、高效洗盐和低碱化的目标,研究区在灌溉高峰期(7~8月)每次灌溉的合理灌溉量应为3 600~4 400 m3/hm2。     

降水在沙丘中的运动特征研究——以甘肃民勤沙区为例

自然降水和辅助人工模拟降水试验表明在民勤沙区,降水在沙丘上的下渗深度主要受沙面状况的影响。沙丘表层土壤田间持水量大小影响降水下渗,表层粉粒和粘粒含量影响田间持水量,降水量的大小与水分下渗深度的相关性并不显著;降水强度在29.8mm·d^-1以内时,固定沙丘上的最大含水层为10~15cm,降水的下渗速率只有10~15cm·d^-1;在半固定沙丘上,28.2mm·d^-1以内的降水的最大含水层为30~35cm,降水的下渗速率只有15.0~17.5cm·d^-1;在流动沙丘上,21.7mm·d^-1以内的降水强度的最大含水层为130~135cm,降水的下渗速率可达32.5~33.8cm·d^-1;在固定沙丘和流动沙丘上,8mm·d^-1以内的降水很快蒸发损失,而在半固定沙丘上能保存较长时间;与固定和半固定沙丘相比,流动沙丘表面水分(即7~8mm以内的降水)最易在短期内蒸发损耗。     

干旱荒漠绿洲紫花苜蓿的节水灌溉及水效益分析——以民勤县为例

通过对民勤绿洲区8个紫花苜蓿品种的节水灌溉技术研究, 分析得出紫花苜蓿在刈割前10d灌溉的平均耗水系数比刈割后灌溉的平均耗水系数降低18.6%, 平均水效益提高23.3%; 采用沟畦小块(面积0.03hm²)刈割前10d灌溉的紫花苜蓿平均耗水系数为0.228kg·g^-1, 平均水效益为4.39kg·m^-3, 平均水经济效益为8.78元·m^-3; 是沟畦小块(0.03hm²)灌溉小麦耗水系数的47.2%, 水生产效益的212%, 水经济效益的309%。不同紫花苜蓿品种间水效益的研究表明, 加拿大Ranger Lander、Kane和新疆大叶苜蓿的水效益明显高于对照品种的水效益。同时, 通过对干旱荒漠区水资源紧缺、水资源有效利用率低以及种植业结构不合理的现状分析, 提出了改革种植业内部粮经饲以往的面积比例65:32:3为可行比例1:1:1, 以大力发展优良品种紫花苜蓿草产业为突破口, 走紫花苜蓿产业化道路最终实现高效节水持续农业的对策。     

沙土地夏玉米灌溉方式的试验研究

在豫北耕作层保水能力较差的砂壤土地带,围绕节水和增收,开展了夏玉米沟灌、常规畦灌及减少生育期内灌水次数的试验研究,每次畦灌定额控制在630~682.5m³·hm^-2,而沟灌条件下平均灌水量仅为442.5m³·hm^-2。研究结果表明,反映夏玉米生长速率的株高、叶面积指数等性状均是以抽雄期为界,之前增长迅速;抽雄时植株高度达2.50m左右,之后增长速率明显减慢;而抽雄至灌浆初期,叶面积指数保持在5.40~5.92的最高值,往后急剧地下降。不同灌水处理下生长速率的变化则是随着供水总量的增加呈同步增长趋势。在干旱年份,畦灌夏玉米全生长期耗水4278m³·hm^-2,沟灌及减少灌水次数的处理,耗水量分别为3762m³·hm^-2和3348m³·hm^-2。按生长阶段比较,抽雄~开花期日耗水强度最大,为66.75~76.50m³·hm^-2;其次是拔节~抽雄期,平均为65.50m³·hm^-2;播种~出苗期间日耗水强度仅为13.35m³·hm^-2。不同的灌溉方式与灌水量对夏玉米的穗粒重、千粒重及粒占穗重的百分比都有影响。对于宽行稀植作物采用沟灌方式,灌溉用水量小(平均为442.5m³·hm^-2),所供的水能集中于植株的根际附近,棵间蒸发的无效损耗少,穗粒重和千粒重都较高,产量达9616.5 kg·hm^-2,比畦灌条件下节省22.8%的灌溉用水,水分生产率提高16.9%。减少夏玉米生长期内的灌水次数,在降低水量消耗的同时,易造成较大幅度的减产(13.7%),因此,在夏玉米生长过程中,遇到偏旱年份,要特别注意防止缺水而引起的水分胁迫。     

气候变化对小麦生物量影响的概率预测和不确定性分析

气候变化对农业生产的影响和适应一直是学界关注的重点。但是,由于气候模式输出、排放情景、尺度转换、模型参数化等研究过程中存在的不确定性,往往导致研究结果也存在较大的不确定性。为减少研究结果的不确定性,本研究综合了IPCC 四个排放情景(A1FI、A2、B1、B2) 以及5 个全球气候模式(HadCM3, PCM, CGCM2, CSIRO2, ECHAM4) 的输出结果,基于英国CRU 气候中心的20 个未来情景数据库,生成全球平均温度升高1℃(GMT+1D)、2℃ (GMT+2D)、3℃ (GMT+3D) 下研究站点的气候日值中值情景数据,利用过程模型CERES-Wheat 和概率预测方法研究CO₂肥效作用和GMT+1D、GMT+2D、GMT+3D对我国小麦主产区小麦生物量的影响。研究结果表明:CO₂肥效作用可以补偿由于温度升高而造成的小麦生物量减产且补偿作用随着温度的升高而增加。当有CO₂肥效作用时,灌溉小麦和雨养小麦生物量均增加,且随着温度的升高生物量的增长程度增大,相同情景下,雨养小麦生物量的增高概率大于灌溉小麦。当不考虑CO₂肥效作用时,灌溉小麦和雨养小麦生物量均降低,且灌溉小麦生物量减产的概率大于雨养小麦减产概率。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.     

Journal of Resources and Ecology Total Contents of Volume 5, 2014

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PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .