冀西三道沟金矿地球化学特征及深部找矿预测

解析三道沟金矿地球化学场,利用聚类分析得出3号矿脉主成矿元素、并伴有多种元素的综合原生晕;厘定金矿床的地球化学原生晕横向分带、垂向分带及纵向晕异常特征;确定了原生晕垂向分带序列,并建立矿床晕地球化学模式;优选找矿靶区,对深部隐伏金矿体进行定位预测。     

甘肃合作早子沟金矿原生叠加晕特征及深部预测

早子沟金矿位于西秦岭西段,大地构造位置为西秦岭褶皱带北部断褶带与中部裂陷槽之间的过渡部位,位于合作—岷县区域断裂带上。对矿区原生晕样品元素分析得到的数据进行R型聚类谱系分析、因子分析及元素分带指数计算。聚类谱系分析反映出矿化元素Au、Sb与前缘晕元素As、Hg关系密切;因子分析显示第一主因子与第四主因子具有正相关关系,而与二、三主因子无相关性,说明四个因子代表了三个不同的成矿阶段;依据元素分带指数计算建立的矿区原生叠加晕轴向(垂直)分带序列为As-Au-Sb-Hg-Ag-W-Co-Pb-Zn-Bi-Cu。对矿区原生晕找矿地球化学信息进行了提取,并对矿区深部第二富集带靶区及资源量进行了预测,预测资源量5 t,表明矿区深部扩大资源量的潜力巨大。     

滇西北烂泥塘斑岩铜矿床原生晕异常结构研究

烂泥塘矿床是云南香格里拉地区典型的斑岩型铜矿床,主矿体产于在地表以下300～500米,地表矿化带仅见脉状铜矿体和铜矿化体.为研究云南香格里拉烂泥塘斑岩铜矿床的原生晕异常结构,本文以异常结构模式理论和方法为基础,对矿床地表和坑道岩矿石样品开展了元素组合、异常特征和水平分带规律研究.结果表明,烂泥塘铜矿床地球化学系统的结构...     

An application of cluster analysis in mineral exploration

This paper presents a technique for evaluating the similarity of ore deposits utilizing several geological variables. Information on tungsten mines in North America, taken from published literature, was used for a cluster analysis to group samples according to their similarity based on a simple matching coefficient. It was possible to interpret and evaluate different ore environments that clustered according to age, mineralogy, and other variables. Cluster analysis may be important in mineral exploration where considerable amounts of data are available for analysis. Subtle relationships that might be overlooked because the data are too voluminous can be isolated using this technique. It also can be used to establish exploration priority in unknown areas on the basis of similarity to known metallogenetic provinces.     

An application of factor analysis for the study of the hydrogeological conditions in Plio-Pleistocene aquifers of NW Achaia (NW peloponnesus, Greece)

R- andQ-mode factor analysis is applied to 51 groundwater samples collected from wells drilled in the Plio-Pleistocene aquifers of NW Achaia, Greece. The purpose ofR- andQ-mode factor analysis application is to identify (i) the regional groundwater flow pattern, and (ii) the deterioration of groundwater quality. Sixteen hydrogeological parameters are used in order to examine their importance and to provide significant insight into their correlations. In theR-mode factor analysis, a six-factor model is suggested which can explain more than 77.5% of the total variance. The contribution of each factor at every site (factor scores) also is computed. Maps are constructed showing the geographical distribution of the factor scores. From these maps, the high salinity areas are delineated (seawater intrusion, possible appearance of halite layers) and the areas with elevated contribution of karastic-water are defined. Using theQ-mode correspondence analysis the meaning of the electrical conductivity as the most important variable in groundwater quality characterization is demonstrated.     

甘肃小柳沟铜钨多金属矿床地球化学异常特征及找矿标志

阐述了小柳沟铜钨多金属矿床的区域地质和区域地球化学概况，并分析了该区的成矿地质条件及地球化学演化特征。在研究了1：10万分散流普查结果的基础上，采用1：2．5万沟系次生晕普查方法，获得了Cu、Mo、Ag、Pb、Zn等元素综合异常，通过验证表明，Cu、Mo异常的浓集中心与铜钼矿体位置一致。又通过原生晕普查，分析了各元素的岩石地球化学分布特征。同时证实了沟系次生晕与原生晕具有同样的找矿效果。因而，提出相关的地质、地球化学找矿(分散流、沟系次生晕、原生晕)标志。     

因子分析在地球化学数据处理中的应用

因子分析是一种多元统计分析方法,以往地质研究中常用其解决复杂的地质成因及矿化叠加问题。本文利用R型因子分析对岷县寨上-马坞调查区的1:20万水系沉积物样品数据进行处理,计算因子得分,圈定因子得分异常图,并与区内的各种地质作用相联系,取得了一定的效果;利用R-Q型因子分析对寨上及附近的原生晕样品进行分析,通过对矿体及构造带样品的分析,可以划分矿化类型;通过对地层样品的分析,可以划分地层并得出各地层的特征组合元素。因此利用因子分析可以为地球化学数据解释提供重要信息。     

原生晕-因子分析地球化学异常识别——以内蒙古查干花地区1:5万水系沉积物Mo异常提取为例

近些年来我国的化探扫面工作积累了丰富的化探数据资料,如何有效利用这些化探数据,并结合已知的矿床（点）类型来针对性获得更加综合的找矿化探信息,是目前找矿过程中值得研究的课题。本文提出了原生晕-因子分析（PH-FA:primary halo-factor analysis）方法,通过利用原生晕的成矿元素的关联关系来刻画次生晕中的关联属性,使次生晕中成矿元素关联属性更接近成矿事件的元素数据结构。以内蒙古查干花地区为例,从原生晕矿石地球化学数据中分析得出Bi为Mo最相关的元素,通过对比背景的富集程度进行权重组合计算获得Mo、Bi的PH-FA权重系数分别为0.717607和0.282393,将Bi与Mo进行权重组合计算PH-FA得分,并提取化探异常。结果表明,该方法与传统的因子分析相比,所圈定的异常与控矿断层相交的重合率高13.05%,且构造线、岩体等控矿因素同样具有更强的空间分布相关性,表明该方法在识别控矿因素以及矿区外围找矿中有较高的可行性。     

个旧锡矿芦塘坝矿段断裂构造地球化学特征及其找矿意义

构造地球化学特征研究是指导矿山深部找矿的有效手段。在深入研究矿区地质的基础上,对矿段内地表断裂构造原生晕数据进行了R型聚类分析和R型因子分析,根据R型因子分析的结果——因子得分值,圈定了四组因子得分的综合异常图。其结果表明,元素组合异常明显,呈NE向带状展布;主要成矿元素及相关指示元素组合出现多个异常浓集中心,并与已知深部矿体产出空间能较好地对应。这些特征的分析对指导矿山生产和找矿具有现实意义。     

R型因子分析在处理混杂原生晕样品中的应用--以河北丰宁银矿为例

原生晕分析是研究矿床深部矿化远景的有效手段.由于所取丰宁银矿原生晕样品中包含氧化样品,致使分带序列研究中各种方法计算结果差别很大.在对矿床成矿及伴生元素进行多元统计分析基础上,重点对原生晕数据进行了R型因子分析,结果表明R型因子分析对处理包含氧化样品的混杂原生晕数据非常有效,并对同类型矿床的原生晕处理具有参考价值.     

陕西省略阳县铧厂沟金矿床主矿带地球化学原生晕特征及其地质意义

陕西省铧厂沟金矿是一个主要赋存于海底基性火山喷流细碧岩中的金矿床。在野外地质工作的基础上,对主矿带样品的测试数据进行了数学地质分析和原生晕分带序列计算。结果表明,Au11矿体的原生晕轴向分带序列从上至下为:Hg-Sb-Ni-As-Bi-Cu-Au-Co-Zn-W-Mo-Mn-Pb-Ag-Cd;Au8矿体的原生晕轴向分带序列从上至下为:Cu-Co-W-Au-Ni-Sb-Mn-As-Pb-Bi-Hg-Mo-Ag-Zn-Cd;并提出了主矿带理想原生晕分带序列:Sb-As-Cu-Hg(前缘晕)→Au-Ag-Bi-Pb-W(近矿晕)→Ni-Co-Mn-Mo-Zn-Cd(尾晕)。结合微量元素衬值空间变化规律,建立了2个矿体的原生晕叠加理想模型。Au11矿体在1 150 m中段以前缘晕和尾晕叠加为特征;在1 110 m中段,发育较强的尾晕。Au8矿体在1 150 m和1 070 m中段以前缘晕和尾晕叠加为特征;在1 110 m中段,矿体减薄,近矿晕减弱,发育很弱的前缘晕和尾晕。综合分析认为,Au11矿体到达中下部,向深部仍有一定延伸;Au8矿体已经接近尾部,深部可能存在新的矿体。     

华南花岗岩类成矿专属性判别模型及成矿预测应用

根据华南46个花岗岩类样品,在贝叶斯准则下建立了它们的成矿专属性Ⅰ、Ⅱ级判别模型,通过F检验都是高度显著的。此外,对建模样本通过聚类分析、对应分析、岩石矿物学、地球化学模式和大地构造背景研究,说明本判别模型符合迄今对花岗岩类地质特征及成矿规律的认识,因而模型是可靠的。 另外,经181个与建模样本有联系的岩体、13个已知典型矿床的成矿岩体和华南90个不同时代花岗岩含矿性的回归判别,结果与地质结论基本吻合。在此基础上,结合卫星遥感信息研究,对华南花岗岩类成矿规律做了进一步分析,并提出预测意见。     

夹皮沟三道岔金矿床原生分散晕的特征及地球化学异常模式

三道岔金矿为一大型金矿床。该矿床受夹皮沟北西向弧型断裂带的控制,赋存于太古界鞍山群三道沟组下段条带状片麻岩(该队定为注入片麻岩)及斜长角闪岩带中(见图1)。大都是盲矿体,矿体赋存于蚀变破碎带中,为变质热液型含金石英脉。矿床已采到425米中段。     

河南萑香洼金矿地球化学分带模型研究

河南萑香洼金矿床作为典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿床,通过研究分析该矿床F985矿化带的Ⅰ号矿体各类元素组分在不同地质体的含量变化特征,原生晕异常分带特征和地球化学轴向分带特征,建立了该矿床完整的地球化学异常分带理想模型,得出矿床地球化学异常轴向分带序列确定为:烃类、Sb(前缘晕)→As、Hg(矿头)→(矿中晕)Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、W、Mn→(矿尾晕)Mo、Co、Ni、Sn,并总结出了找矿预测标志,为该矿区深部找矿提供了一定的科学理论依据。     

北祁连西段熬油沟及卡洼沟一带Au、Pt、Pd异常特征及找矿方向

北祁连西段作为甘肃一个重要的多金属成矿带,随着地质找矿工作不断地加强,日渐重要。根据熬油沟及卡洼沟一带水系沉积物、岩屑和岩石剖面测量结果,对Au、Pt、Pd和Pb、Zn等成矿元素的分布特征和组合关系进行了分析,总结了该处成矿地质背景和地球化学异常特征,指出了找矿方向。     

北祁连西段熬油沟及卡洼沟一带Au、Pt、Pd异常特征及找矿方向

北祁连西段作为甘肃一个重要的多金属成矿带，随着地质找矿工作不断地加强，日渐重要。根据熬油沟及卡洼沟一带水系沉积物、岩屑和岩石剖面测量结果，对Au、Pt、Pd和Pb、Zn等成矿元素的分布特征和组合关系进行了分析，总结了该处成矿地质背景和地球化学异常特征，指出了找矿方向。     

A multivariate statistical study of copper mineralization in the central section of Mosaboni Mine, Eastern Singhbhum, India

A multivariate statistical analysis was carried out with log-transformed values of Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cr, Mn, Ca, and Sr in several sets of samples collected across the mineralized base metal zone in sheared soda granite, feldspathic schist, and chlorite schist from the central section of Mosaboni Mine of the famous Singhbhum Copper Belt of eastern India. Linear correlation coefficient matrices of two sets of ore samples (>0.5% Cu)—one from levels 18 and 21 and the other from levels 25 and 28—indicate two well-defined and distinct clusters comprising Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, and Zn on one hand and Ca, Sr, and Mn on the other. Varimax-rotatedR-mode factor analysis of two above-noted sample sets, taken along with available geologic information, indicates that over 80% of the variability in data matrices for 9–10 elements can be accounted for by four distinct processes: (a) an early phase of copper mineralization which apparently replaced Mn, Ca, and Sr in the host rock; (b) a silicate-cum-oxide phase of crystallization/recrystallization of host rock; (c) remobilization of sulfide-forming ore elements (Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, and Zn); and (d) a phase of mineralization of Ag which appears to have replaced Cr, Ca and Cu. Process (c) was quantitatively most important. Factor score studies are suggestive of preferred introduction of Ni, Co, Pb, and Zn along central parts of preexisting copper-mineralized zones.     

Rb–Sr and Sm–Nd isotopic systematics of the Hayachine–Miyamori ophiolitic complex: Melt generation process in the mantle wedge beneath an Ordovician island arc

The Hayachine–Miyamori (HM) ophiolitic complex in the Kitakami Mountains, northeastern Japan consists of ultramafic tectonite and cumulate members. The most fertile lherzolites have mineral and trace element compositions similar to those of abyssal peridotites. They show 350–430 Ma Nd depleted mantle model ages, which are within the range of the K–Ar emplacement ages obtained from intrusive gabbroic rocks, suggesting a partial melting event just before the emplacement. The measured ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratio of clinopyroxene in the tectonite peridotites shows positive correlation with ¹⁴⁷Sm/¹⁴⁴Nd and decreases with increasing refractoriness, which cannot be explained by a simple melting and melt extraction to a various extent followed by radiogenic ingrowth. It clearly suggests influx of a melt/fluid enriched in highly incompatible trace elements during melting. Time corrected isotopic compositions of the HM complex exhibit a clear island arc signature with uniform initial isotopic ratio (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr = 0.7035–0.7041, ε_Nd = + 7.8–+ 5.0). Application of an open-system melting model to the observed trace element abundances in clinopyroxene suggests influx of three distinct agents to the HM mantle with the following characteristics: (1) moderate enrichment in highly incompatible elements with negative anomalies of Sr and Zr; (2) extensive enrichment of highly incompatible elements with positive Sr and negative Zr anomalies; and (3) extensive enrichment of highly incompatible elements with positive anomalies of Sr and Zr. These characteristics cover a variety of slab-derived components proposed in the literatures, suggesting the agents responsible for the open-system melting in the HM ophiolite might represent full spectrum of slab-derived components from back-arc to fore-arc regions of the Ordovician island arc system.     

多元统计分析在矿床指示元素组合特征研究中的应用——以山东黄埠岭金矿为例

应用相关分析、聚类分析和因子分析方法讨论了黄埠岭矿床中指示元素的组合特征。综合对该矿床具有代表性的7号矿脉和10号矿脉的分析结果，确定了黄埠岭金矿床Au的富集与Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、Bi密切相关，矿体原生晕头晕组合为As、Sb、Hg，主成矿元素组合Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、Bi，尾晕元素组合为Co、Ni。为矿床的深边部成矿预测提供参数。