Additional Provisional Elemental Values for LKSD-1, LKSD-2, LKSD-3, LKSD-4, STSD-1, STSD-2, STSD-3 and STSD-4

Provisional values related to element concentration derived from partial extractions as well as some additional total concentration data are reported for eight CCRMP sediment reference materials. These values are intended to supplement previously published data for these samples. The partial extractions for which data are reported include dilute HNO₃ - dilute HCl, concentrated HNO₃ -concentrated HCl and concentrated HNO₃ -concentrated HClO₄.     

1986 Values for Fifteen GSJ Rock Reference Samples, "Igneous Rock Series"

During the five-year period (April 1981 - March 1986), a series of fifteen rock reference samples, "Igneous rock series", has been prepared by the Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ). Based on the data available (published and communicated), consensus values for major, minor and trace elements have been derived; these values are presented for this second series of samples as well as for the first series of two samples, Granodiorite JG-1 and Basalt JB-1.     

PREPARATION, HOMOGENEITY EVALUATION AND COOPERATIVE STUDY OF TWO NEW CHROMITITE REFERENCE SAMPLES CHR-PT+ AND CHR-BKG

Two chromitite samples from the Isles of Shetland (North Scotland) have been processed, each in 200 kg quantities, as reference samples for the determination of gold and the platinum-group elements (PGE). One of these samples, Chromitite CHR-Pt⁺ is enriched in the PGE and the other, Chromitite CHR-Bkg has much lower concentrations. A detailed assessment of sample homogeneity is presented, together with the results of a cooperative study by thirty-five international geochemical laboratories, private and public. Contributed data together with derived working values are presented for Au and the PGE as well as for major, minor and a few trace elements. It is hoped that this first compilation report will encourage additional laboratories to participate in further studies of the PGE in these two CHR samples.     

CHINESE SYNTHETIC SILICATE AND LIMESTONE CERTIFIED REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR SPECTRAL ANALYSIS

In 1990, the Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration prepared a series of certified reference materials of synthetic silicates and limestones. The silicate series (GSES I * ) is composed of 11 samples with 28 ingredient elements and the limestone series (GSES II*) is composed of 9 samples with 29 ingredient elements. The standard series were prepared in ascending element concentration order of 1, 2 and 5. The synthetic standards were analyzed by a large number of laboratories with various reliable methods and then certified values were derived.     

1994 COMPILATION OF ANALYTICAL DATA FOR MINOR AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN SEVENTEEN GSJ GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES, "IGNEOUS ROCK SERIES"

Analytical data for minor and trace elements published or communicated to us, on seventeen GSJ (Geological Survey of Japan) reference samples, "Igneous rock series" received up to April 1994 are compiled. The data were evaluated statistically in consideration of analytical methods. Based on the selected available data, 1994 recommended and proposed values for 65 minor and trace elements are presented.     

XRF AND INAA DETERMINATIONS OF MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF JAPAN IGNEOUS AND SEDIMENTARY ROCK STANDARDS

Major and trace element analyses have been obtained by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence for the Geological Survey of Japan Igneous rock series and selected samples from the Sedimentary rock series reference samples. Additional trace element data for the Igneous rock series were obtained by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Samples were analyzed multiple times for 10 major elements (with loss-on-ignition) and the following trace elements; As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Eu, Ga, Hf, La, Lu, Nb, Nd, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn and Zr.     

NEW REFERENCE SAMPLES OF MAGMATIC ROCKS: QUARTZ DIORITE SKD-1 AND SVIATONOSSITE SSV-1

The preparation and study of the two rock reference samples, Quartz Diorite SKD-1 and Sviatonossite SSv-1, are described, along with mineralogical and petrographic features. After its homogeneity studies, the two samples were analysed by seventy-five former USSR laboratories in the framework of an interlaboratory analytical program. The two samples have been certified respectively for 41 and 39 major, minor and trace elements; additionally, values are proposed for about 20 trace elements. The compiled data on the two samples are presented as an Appendix. Both the samples, processed in about 280 kg, form now part of the set of eight magmatic rock reference samples prepared by the Institute of Geochemistry in Irkutsk.     

浙江统里地区早白垩世花岗岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学及其成因

浙江省内发育着众多中-大型萤石矿,但是对成矿岩体的研究相对较弱,制约着对区域成矿过程的认识.本文首次对安吉统里地区萤石成矿花岗岩体进行了系统的锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学研究.锆石U-Pb测年结果显示小圩坞花岗闪长岩形成于146～140 Ma,而五房里细粒二长花岗岩形成于135 Ma,二者均形成于早白垩世早期,与华南地区大规模爆发的晚中生代岩浆作用时代相一致.全岩主微量元素地球化学表明统里地区花岗岩体可以划分为钙碱性Ⅰ型花岗岩和高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩两类,二者均显示高硅、富铝、贫铁和镁等特征,在地球化学上属于准铝质-过铝质岩石系列.其中小圩坞花岗闪长岩相对富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,而五房里细粒二长花岗岩则显示明显的中稀土元素亏损.研究认为小圩坞Ⅰ型花岗岩是变火成岩中下地壳熔融的产物,而五房里高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩是花岗质岩浆在浅层岩浆房内经历广泛结晶分异作用的产物.结合华南地区晚中生代岩浆作用由陆向海迁移的趋势,本文研究认为古太平洋板块俯冲过程中的板片回转过程是统里地区花岗岩侵入最为合理的深部动力学机制.     

1988 COMPILATION REPORT ON TRACE ELEMENTS IN SIX ANRT ROCK REFERENCE SAMPLES: DIORITE DR-N, SERPENTINE UB-N, BAUXITE BX-N, DISTHENE DT-N, GRANITE GS-N AND POTASH FELDSPAR FK-N

The six ANRT rock reference samples (DR-N, UB-N, BX-N, DT-N, GS-N, FK-N) have been distributed as reference samples for nearly twenty years. All available data on trace elements in these samples are presented and evaluated. It has been possible to assign working values for nearly 40 trace elements. These samples prepared in 600 to 1300 kg quantities are expected to last for some decades to come.     

GEOCHEMICAL STANDARD REFERENCE SAMPLES GSD 9–12, GSS 1–8 AND GSR 1–6

The 18 Chinese geochemical standard reference samples GSD 9-12 (stream sediments), GSS 1-8 (soils) and GSR 1-6 (rocks) were prepared after GSD 1-8 (stream sediments) for even wider and increasing needs of geology, exploration geochemistry and geochemical analysis. Usable values of 41 trace, minor and major elements of the 18 samples were published in 1984. In the following two years, efforts were concentrated on the determination of other elements, most of which are more difficult to determine accurately and hence not many data were available in the literature. At the same time, additional data on the 41 elements already evaluated were also submitted. In all, 155 234 results were available along with the 35 284 analytical data submitted. The processing of samples, the examination of sample homogeneity, the plan of collaborative analysis of the samples, and the criteria for defining the recommended values are described. The recommended or reference values of the 72 constituents, to-gether with the 35 284 analytical data of the 18 samples are published in this paper.     

云南白马寨镍矿区煌斑岩地球化学Ⅰ.主要元素和微量元素

云南白马寨镍矿区煌斑岩呈岩墙和岩脉穿切矿区各时代地层、基性-超基性岩和矿体，为成矿期后产物；采自矿区不同中段和不同产状的煌斑岩具有相似矿物组合，岩石类型均为云煌岩；岩石化学特征表明岩石均为钾质-富钾质钙碱性煌斑岩；微量元素配分模式为相似的“骆峰型”，与MORB相比，富集LILE和HPSE；REE配分模式为相似的LREE富集型；主要元素和微量元素与镁指数(M值)之间存在一定的相关关系；在La—La／Sm图中样品既有水平分布趋势、也有倾斜分布趋势。总体上，该区煌斑岩为相同岩浆源区的产物，源区地幔部分熔融程度和岩浆结晶分异作用对岩石主要元素和微量元素地球化学性质均有一定的影响。比较老王寨金矿区煌斑岩形成地质背景、岩石类型、主要元素和微量元素地球化学特征，认为两地区煌斑岩地幔源区具有相同或相似、的性质。     

新疆西准噶尔花岗岩类的时代及其成因

在西准噶尔地区存在两期不同成因的花岗岩类,一期为与弧后盆地封闭有关的海西中期(305—320Ma)、以小岩体产出的花岗闪长岩-石英闪长岩;另一期为后造山的海西晚期(240—280Ma)的以巨大岩基形式产出的碱长花岗岩。     

1996 COMPILATION OF ANALYTICAL DATA ON NINE GSJ GEOCHEMICAL REFERENCE SAMPLES, "SEDIMENTARY ROCK SERIES"

Analytical data compiled on nine Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) reference samples, "Sedimentary rock series" received by February 1996 are reported. After excluding outliers and examining critically the analytical procedures employed, the data were evaluated statistically. Recommended or preferable values for fifteen major and sixty minor and trace elements are proposed.     

中国东部地壳元素丰度与岩石平均化学组成研究

迄今我们习用的地壳化学元素丰度和岩石平均化学组成的文献值大多是收集的汇编数据,不少微量元素特别是贵金属等难测元素的丰度所依据的样品的代表性和测试质量难以考证,其值存在着颇大的不确定度。本研究立足于实测资料,在中国东部系统采集了各类火成岩和变质杂岩体及各时代的标准地层剖面岩石样品28253个,组合成2718个分析样。采用中子活化等15种可靠分析方法测试,以国家一级标准物质作质量监控。求得的华北地台地壳、中国东部上地壳和出露地壳及各类岩石的78种化学元素丰度,显著改善了地壳和岩石的化学元素丰度,填补了多种岩石微量元素丰度的空白。     

1992 compilation of analytical data for rare-earth elements, scandium, yttrium, zirconium and hafnium in twenty-six GSJ reference samples

Abstract: Analytical data for fourteen rare-earth elements, scandium, yttrium, zirconium and hafnium, received by May 1992, have been compiled on twenty-six GSJ (Geological Survey of Japan) reference samples. Seventeen of them are 'Igneous rock series' and nine are "Sedimentary rock series". The reported data including personal communication were evaluated under the consideration on analytical methods and geochemical evidences. No significant difference has been observed between the values obtained by the different analytical methods. Based on the selected available data, 1992 compilation values were tabulated.     

松辽盆地长岭断陷早白垩世火山岩地球化学研究

长岭断陷早白垩世火山岩富硅、富碱,岩石以非碱性系列为主,包括钙碱性和高钾钙碱性系列,碱性系列火山岩为钾玄岩系列。酸性岩与中、基性岩的微量元素特征差别明显,岩石总体微量元素特征与造山带火山岩相似,富集LREE、Rb、K和大离子亲石元素,TiO2含量低,贫Sr。火山岩的形成与造山带岩石圈拆沉作用引起地壳拉张减薄的大地构造背景有关。研究区基性火山岩为地幔岩部分熔融作用的产物,岩浆演化过程中存在单斜辉石和橄榄石等矿物的分离结晶作用,中性岩为原生玄武质岩浆分异演化的产物,营城组酸性火山岩的形成与构造活动存在直接关系,为构造剪切挤压应力致使上地壳重熔的结果。     

塔源地区变辉长岩岩石化学地球化学特征及成因

塔源地区变辉长岩岩石化学主要表现为碱性玄武岩系列特征,但Al₂O₃含量多大于16%,又表现为钙碱性高铝玄武岩的特征.不活动元素投图,样品进入大洋岛碱性玄武岩区.稀土元素及微量元素地球化学型式均表现为富集型,与作为现代E型富集地幔的代表——亚速尔台地的玄武岩特征相似,但Nb、Ta的亏损又类似岛弧火山岩的特征.综合分析塔源地区地质与构造特征,认为塔源变质辉长岩形成于边缘海环境,其源区为E₁型富集地幔.     

Archaean basic volcanism in the Eastern Goldfields Province,Yilgarn Block,Western Australia

Petrographic, petrological and geochemical studies have demonstrated the presence of three distinctive basic volcanic suites in the Eastern Goldfields Province, Yilgarn Block, Western Australia. These are termed the high magnesian series basalts (HMSB), the low magnesian series basalts (LMSB) and the siliceous high magnesian series basalts (SHMSB).The HMSB and SHMSB constitute differentiation series which contain both high MgO (9.5–14 wt.%) and low MgO (<9.5 wt.%) members. These suites are commonly characterized by igneous textures indicative of very rapid crystallization suggesting high eruption temperatures. This feature clearly distinguishes those low MgO members of HMSB which contain amphibole pseudomorphs after spherulitic-textured pyroxene from compositionally similar LMSB. The LMSB are generally characterized by an intergranular texture consisting of plagioclase laths and interstitial amphibole pseudomorphs after pyroxene grains. Variolitic-textured basalts are common and appear to be restricted to the SHMSB suite of basic volcanics.The HMSB and LMSB were derived from source mantle regions which were variably depleted in the incompatible elements. Archaean komatiites were derived from similarly depleted source regions and it is argued that the main petrogenetic difference between these three volcanic suites was the degree of partial melting from which they were derived. The depleted nature of the source regions may have been induced by earlier small degree (< 5%) partial melting events with subsequent extraction of a proportion of that melt. Variations in both the degree of such melting, and the proportions of melt removal, could induce considerable heterogeneity of incompatible elements in the Archaean upper mantle.Source mantle regions of the SHMSB were variably enriched in the incompatible elements and water and parental magmas of the SHMSB were derived from moderately hydrous conditions of partial melting.The relative proportions of each basalt suite varies considerably between the layered successions examined. For example, the basic volcanics overlying the komatiites at Kambalda are SHMSB, while the footwall volcanics consist predominantly of HMSB with subordinate LMSB. However, the Norseman succession, where no ultramafic volcanics are known to occur, is comprised mainly of LMSB with a smaller proportion of HMSB.