Ulva problem in Kent

The tube-building polychaete Pomatoleios kraussii is an important fouling organism in the Arabian Gulf. Studies have been made of its growth and survival on plates immersed in the water at two sites at Kuwait, one subject to frequent small spillages at an oil terminal, the other free from oil pollution. The temporal sequence and diversity of other encrusting organisms has also been documented at the same sites.     

2002-2003年太湖鱼类学调查

2002-2003年对太湖鱼类学进行了调查,共采集鱼类48种(和亚种),隶属于15科、18目。比上世纪50至70年代调查的103种减少了55种。分析了鱼类种类减少的原因,主要是上世纪60年代环湖大堤和闸坝建设,阻隔了太湖和长江间的交通,以及水草湖区面积的萎缩和沉水植物的急剧减少。     

1996-2003年中国大陆高精度绝对重力观测

近十年间利用自由落体式绝对重力仪(FG5/112)对分布在全国55个测点进行了绝对重力测定,观测精度均优于5×10-8 ms-2,对其中80%以上的测点还作了重复观测,文中给出了观测精度及其测量结果的互差.上述的测量极大地改善了我国目前重力网的精度和覆盖率,并为研究重力场的变化提供了重要的基础资料.本文还对观测结果和存在问题作了初步分析并提出有关建议.     

Autumn intensification of the Ryukyu Current during 2003-2007

Inverse calculations using data from 16 repeat hydrographic transects collected from April 2003 to June 2007 have yielded velocity structures and volume transports(VTs) of the Ryukyu Current in the region east of the northern Ryukyu Islands.The inverse calculation results show that the Ryukyu Current is dominated by a subsurface velocity core with maximum velocities from 15.1 to 80.0 cm/s,whose positions vary between 110 and 600 dbar and 27.2°-28.2°N along the transect.The mean velocity exhibits a subsurface velocity core with a maximum value of 24.6 cm/s at 326 dbar depth,a VT of 14.0 Sv(1 Sv≡106 m3/s),a vertical dimension of 800 m,and a horizontal dimension of 60 km.The seasonal mean velocities show that the Ryukyu Current is stronger in autumn than in other seasons.It is suggested that this seasonal variation is coincident with the intensification of the anticyclonic eddy south of Shikoku,Japan.     

Benthic macrofaunal community condition in the Southern California Bight, 1994-2003

To assess benthic macrofaunal community condition in Southern California, 838 sites were sampled using spatially random designs in 1994, 1998, or 2003. Benthic community condition was assessed on a four-category scale and the area in each category estimated. Overall, benthic macrofauna in Southern California were in good condition during 2003, with 98% of the area in reference condition or deviating only marginally. There was no evidence of disturbance near Channel Islands or small wastewater discharges, and virtually none on the mainland shelf. In contrast, bay and estuary macrofaunal communities were more frequently disturbed with nearly 13% of the area supporting disturbed benthos. The condition of the mainland shelf did not change substantially over the 9-year period, with 1.6-2.8% of the area in poor benthic condition. Southern California benthic condition evaluations may be improved by extending the depth and salinity ranges of assessment tools, and improving trend detection methods.     

Characterization of benthic types in the lower Medway estuary,Kent

A number of sediment parameters, including particle size and redox potential profiles, were measured during an ecological study of the benthic invertebrate macrofauna of the lower Medway estuary, Kent. The results proved more meaningful in characterizing the sediment habitats of the benthic invertebrate fauna than did measurements on the overlying water.     

1973-1976年四川松潘强震序列的应力触发过程

1976年8月16～23日,四川省松潘--平武交界地区的虎牙断裂带中南段发生了由7.2,6.7,7.2级3次地震组成的强震群,此前的1973年8月11日还在虎牙断裂带北段发生松潘黄龙.Ms6.5强震,这4次强震在空间沿NNW-近SN向虎牙断裂带由北而南分布.     

洞庭湖流域气候变化特征(1961-2003年)

以22个气象站1961-2003年的气象观测数据为基础,对洞庭湖流域的气温、降水和参照蒸散量进行趋势与突变分析．从1970年开始,洞庭湖流域经历了一个缓慢而稳定的增温过程,1990s发生突变进入快速增温时期;尤其是是在春、冬季节,这种突变式的增温特征非常显著;秋季持续而稳定增温,而夏季气温并无明显变化．进入1990s,洞庭湖流域降水有明显增多,尤其是夏季降水突变式增加;与此同时,夏季暴雨频率也突变式增大,但是暴雨强度并无明显变化．1900s迄今,参照蒸散量持续而稳定的减少,夏季减少量尤为显著．全球变暖的区域响应,驱动洞庭湖流域水循环速度加快,夏季降水增多,而蒸发能力减弱,这是1990s洞庭湖流域洪水频发的主要气候因子．     

1961-2003年间鄱阳湖流域气候变化趋势及突变分析

本文利用1961-2003年间鄱阳湖流域14个气象站的气温、降水量、蒸发量等观测数据和8个主要水文站的流量数据,研究该时段内鄱阳湖流域的气候变化趋势、突变及其空间分布的差异．研究表明,鄱阳潮流域气温和降水均在1990年发生突变,继而呈现显著的上升趋势;在季节变化上,冬季平均气温在1986年发生突变,增温显著;夏季降水量和夏季暴雨频率均在1992年发生突变增加,暴雨频率增加是夏季降水量增加的主要原因;蒸发皿蒸发量和参照蒸散量均呈现显著下降趋势,该变化在夏季尤为明显．上述变化趋势均以1990s最为显著,这与长江流域气候变化趋势基本一致．在空间分布上,饶河水系、信江水系和赣江下游等气候变化更为显著．笔者认为,鄱阳湖流域气候变化在长江流域中比较突出．该流域1990s暖湿气候在加强;气温的升高、降水量和暴雨频率的增加以及蒸发量的下降强化了五河流量的增加趋势,由此可大致判定鄱阳湖流域气候变化与洪涝灾害之间可能存在的关系,这可为理解气候变化在该流域的响应和预测该流域未来可能的洪涝灾害提供依据．     

Dublin days: the 2003 NAM

Mark E Bailey and Tom Ray give an overview of the National Astronomy Meeting in Dublin, where record numbers of astronomers went to talk, listen and network.     

Special Contribution: BOHEMA 2001-2003: Passive Seismic Experiment to Study Lithosphere-Asthenosphere System in the Western Part of the Bohemian Massif

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica -     

Chlorinated hydrocarbons in macroinvertebrates and fish from the Lower Medway Estuary,Kent

Macroinvertebrates and fish collected periodically from April 1973 to January 1976, from the Lower Medway Estuary, Kent, were analysed for a range of heavy metals, organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. The heavy metal studies have been previously documented. Results of the chlorinated hydrocarbon analysis of mussels, shore crabs, periwinkles, ragworms, shrimps and selected fish tissues are presented and their significance discussed.     

Special Contribution: SUDETES 2003 Seismic Experiment

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica -