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土钉-预加固桩复合支护技术已在基坑及边坡工程中取得了大量应用,但在黄土高边坡开挖中的应用相对较少。基于详细的现场监测数据并辅以有限元数值计算,分析了边坡开挖过程中支护体系受力及变形随时间和空间的变化规律。结果表明:预加固桩的水平位移随着时间的推移与开挖深度的增加呈增大趋势,并最终趋于稳定,同时,桩身剪力及弯矩亦随开挖的进行而不断增大;剪力最大值的位置不断下移,说明边坡的潜在滑动面有不断向下扩展的趋势。与深基坑支护桩的土压力分布相比,土钉-预加固桩复合支护体系中桩后土压力随开挖呈不断减小的趋势,但桩前土压力随着开挖深度的增加,有增有减。随着施工开挖深度的增加,土钉所测得的应力有着明显的增大,说明土钉对抑制坡体变形起到了一定作用。在预加固桩的影响下,桩上方坡体的最危险破裂面为圆弧状,其剪出口位于预加固桩桩顶处。开挖深度较浅时,土钉对整体稳定性的贡献较大,而随着开挖深度的变大,预加固桩的加固效果开始占主导地位。 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - Slope failure occurring could generate enormous loss to both human lives and properties, and stabilizing piles are broadly used for slope reinforcement as a significant anti-slip... 相似文献
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边坡稳定极限分析的单元集成法 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
提出的单元集成法为采用塑性力学上限定理分析边坡的稳定性提供了一种通用性较强的手段。它采用类似于有限元网格划分的方式离散边坡计算区域,并设定一个机动许可的滑动机构(包括滑裂面位置和速度场,它与网格划分方式无关),在此滑动机构下可以很方便地计算每个单元贡献的外力功率和内能耗散率。把所有单元的能量相加就是滑坡体的总能量。然后,根据上限定理求得安全系数,并通过非线性数学规划方法找到最小值。对于直线滑裂面或对数螺旋滑裂面的单滑块机制,几个典型算例说明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
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V. Navarro A. Yustres M. Candel J. López E. Castillo 《Computers and Geotechnics》2010,37(7-8):837-845
This article discusses how sensitivity analysis is a sound assessment tool for selecting the most efficient stabilization method of slopes at failure. A discretized form of the variational approach is used not only for performing sensitivity analysis but to locate the critical slip surface, i.e., the sensitivity analysis is carried out in the same way as it is done in optimization problems. This method supplies a robust formulation and methodology for obtaining the sensitivities of the safety factor with respect to both the soil parameters and the slope profile, stating the slope stabilization design as a relatively simple minimization problem. Two well known examples, as the Selset landslide and the Sudbury Hill slip are used to illustrate the application of the method and to highlight both its capabilities and limitations. 相似文献
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渗流与抗滑桩的抗滑稳定性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析滑坡体水力条件的基础上,指出由于抗滑桩的施工,滑坡体的自然排水通道受阻,导致边坡地下水位的抬高,因而可能会对滑坡体构成新的威胁;讨论了抗滑桩对滑坡体的渗透性影响与滑坡体在抗滑桩作用下的稳定性分析,同时给出了简化条件下抗滑桩桩体部位的渗透系数计算方法。某水利枢纽工程利用抗滑桩和混凝土挡墙加固滑坡体,稳定性计算结果表明抗滑桩的阻渗作用对于滑坡体的稳定性具有较大影响,有必要对坡面坡体进行合理的疏排水处理。 相似文献
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Duncan C. Wyllie 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》1980,13(2):89-98
SummaryToppling Rock Slope Failures — Examples of Analysis and Stabilization Three case histories of toppling failures of rock slopes, and the methods used to ensure that failure did not disrupt operations below the slope, are described. The application of Goodman and Bray's limit equilibrium analysis of multi-block failures to these three slopes is demonstrated.The first failure occurred in a 20 m high granite slope that was stabilized by removing the top 6 m and installing a number of tensioned rock anchors in the toe. The second failure occurred in a sequence of folded sandstone, shale and coal. This slide was too large to stabilize, so the movement rate was monitored while mining continued in the pit below until shortly before failure took place. In the third failure, the top 8 m of a single 12 m high toppling block was removed by blasting to prevent further rotational movement.
With 6 Figures 相似文献
ZusammenfassungKippvorgänge beim Bruch von Felsböschungen — Beispiele für die Berechnung und Stabilisierung Es werden drei Fallstudien von Brüchen von Felsböschungen durch Kippen und die dabei angewendeten Sicherungsmethoden beschrieben. Die Anwendung der Grenzgleichgewichtsbetrachtung von Massenbewegungen, die durch Kippvorgänge ausgelöst wurden, nach Goodman and Bray, auf drei Felshänge wird gezeigt.Der erste Bruch ereignete sich in einer 20 m hohen Böschung in Granit. Die Stabilisierung bestand in der Entfernung der obersten 6 m und der Einbringung von einigen Vorspannankern. Der zweite Bruch ereignete sich in einer Serie von gefalteten Sandsteinen, Schiefern und Kohlen. Da die Größe dieser Rutschung eine Stabilisierung unmöglich machte, wurden die Bewegungen genau registriert und der Abbau bis kurz vor dem eigentlichen Bruch fortgesetzt. Das dritte Beispiel ist ein einzelner 12 m hoher, kippender Block, dessen oberste 8 m weggesprengt wurde, um ein weiteres Kippen zu verhindern.
RésuméDéfauts par chute de rampes rocheuses — Exemples des analyses et de stabilisation Ce résumé décrit trois événements de rupture de pentes rocheuses et les méthodes de stabilisation utilisées. Dans ces trois cas l'auteur montre l'utilisation de l'analyse de la limite d'équilibre des masses rocheuses pour un mouvement de basculement selon Goodman et Bray.Le premier cas a eu lieu sur une rampe granitique de 20 m hauteur, laquelle a été stabilisée en 6 m de roche au sommet et en possant quelque d'ancrage au pied de la pente. La deuxième défaut s'a produit avec une séquence de roches de formation gréseuse, d'argile schisteuse et du charbon. Cette glissement a été trop grande pour être stabilisée, donc la raison de mouvement a été controlée au même temps qu'on travaillait dans le puit au dessous quelque temps avant que le défaut se produisse. Dans le troisième défaut les 8 m de sommet d'un seul bloc rocheux ont été dépilés par des méthodes explosifs pour prévenir ultérieur mouvements rotatives.
With 6 Figures 相似文献
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In this paper, slope reinforced with one row of piles is considered. The critical slip surface is found to be divided into two parts when the pile spacing is small, and these two parts gradually get connected with the increase of pile spacing until a clear critical slip surface is formed. The critical slip surface of the piled slope is found to be usually shallower than the corresponding slope without pile, and this result is totally different from the previous results based on the maximum point of shear force where a very deep critical slip surface is obtained. The optimal pile position for slope reinforced with one row of piles is found to be located between the middle of the slope and the middle of the critical slip surface. An optimal design procedure for the pile spacing has also been suggested in the present paper, and the procedure will help to reduce the time required for a piled slope three-dimensional analysis. 相似文献
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Risk analysis of existing slopes in catchment areas requires quantification of their stability. This quantification becomes particularly difficult when dealing with larger areas under 3D conditions and including saturated and unsaturated water flow. This paper proposes the use of an effective numerical procedure to solve three-dimensional slope stability problems in large areas subjected to pore pressure effects. This numerical approach, numerical limit analysis, utilizes the finite element method and mathematical programming techniques. Mathematical programming is needed because the basic plasticity theorems for limit analysis can be cast as optimization problems. The generated optimization problem is formulated under a second-order cone programming framework, which is known to solve large-scale problems with great computational efficiency. The main objective of this work was to determine the slope safety factor and the collapse mechanism of soils governed by the Drucker–Prager yield criterion for large-scale 3D problems including pore pressure effects. This approach is applied to an experimental catchment in the Oregon Coast Range that failed after an intense rainfall. The results were compared with a previous stability analysis of the area available in the literature that used a novel 3D limit equilibrium method. 相似文献
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阻滑桩加固土坡稳定性分析的上限解法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从极限分析机动学方法出发,利用土的抗剪强度折减系数概念,建立了土坡的极限平衡状态方程,由此确定土坡的临界稳定安全系数及其相应的潜在破坏模式.对于典型问题,通过与现有极限平衡解和有限元数值解的对比分析,验证了这种上限解法的合理性.进而对于在给定的荷载条件下不能满足抗滑稳定性要求的土坡,考虑采用阻滑桩加固方式,根据桩侧有效土压力的合理分布模式确定桩体与滑动面相交的截面上等效抗滑力和抗滑力矩,利用极限分析上限定理建立了阻滑桩加固土坡的极限平衡状态方程,将桩侧土压力作为目标函数,运用数学规划方法确定了极限平衡状态时的临界桩侧土压力,以此为土坡加固中阻滑桩设计提供依据.通过数值计算与分析探讨了阻滑桩加固位置的优化布置等问题. 相似文献
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非线性破坏准则下的边坡稳定塑性极限分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用塑性分析上限定理,考虑岩土介质本身的非线性破坏准则,对各种不同破裂面边坡稳定性分析进行研究。针对破坏边坡破裂面不同,采用外切直线法来分析其上限解,推导出非线性破坏准则下的边坡稳定性系数计算公式,并对较复杂的对数螺旋线破裂面边坡提出初始切线法,较好地求出塑性极限分析上限解。将在非线性破坏准则下按对数螺旋线破裂面推导出的塑性极限分析上限解运用于实际边坡工程,其结果与精确塑性分析结果非常接近,为非线性破坏准则下的边坡稳定塑性极限分析提供了一条新的思路与方法。 相似文献
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将极限分析的上限定理、有限元离散思想、随机规划理论和蒙特卡洛方法这四者结合起来,提出了一种土质边坡可靠度分析的上限数值方法。首先采用三节点有限单元离散土质边坡,然后将土体的抗剪参数设为随机变量,根据上限定理构建同时满足三角形单元的塑性流动约束条件、单元公共边的塑性流动约束条件和单元速度边界条件的机动许可速度场,并根据内功功率等于外功功率条件建立目标函数,构建土质边坡可靠度分析的上限法随机规划模型。采用蒙特卡洛方法求解上限法随机规划模型,同时提出了一种基于上限法速度场的边坡失效风险系数估算方法,该方法特别适用于具有多种失效模式的边坡风险分析。对2个经典算例进行了深入分析,验证了方法的正确性。 相似文献
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Earthquake effects are commonly considered in the stability analysis of rock slopes and other earth structures. The standard approach is often based on the conventional limit equilibrium method using equivalent Mohr–Coulomb strength parameters (c and ?) in a slip circle slope stability analysis. The purpose of this paper is to apply the finite element upper and lower bound techniques to this problem with the aim of providing seismic stability charts for rock slopes. Within the limit analysis framework, the pseudo-static method is employed by assuming a range of the seismic coefficients. Based on the latest version of Hoek–Brown failure criterion, seismic rock slope stability charts have been produced. These chart solutions bound the true stability numbers within ±9% or better and are suited to isotropic and homogeneous intact rock or heavily jointed rock masses. A comparison of the stability numbers obtained by bounding methods and the limit equilibrium method has been performed where the later was found to predict unconservative factors of safety for steeper slopes. It was also observed that the stability numbers may increase depending on the material parameters in the Hoek–Brown model. This phenomenon has been further investigated in the paper. 相似文献
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边坡稳定分析的极限分析下限解有限元法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研制开发了极限分析下限解有限元程序.在程序的开发过程中,着重解决了下限解有限元法转化为标准线性规划问题和线性优化方法的选择问题,同时,通过典型算例的分析对比,对程序的合理性和可行性进行了验证. 相似文献
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极限承载力一直是采矿、岩土等领域关注的难点和热点问题,严重影响着边坡与邻坡建(构)筑物的安全稳定性。基于极限分析上限定理,考虑边坡滑动溢出位置不确定性影响,建立3种模式的非均质成层边坡刚性多滑块破坏机制,推导出边坡极限承载力上限解,并采用序列二次规划算法(SQP)求其最优值。以三岔露天矿北帮为工程背景,通过与数值计算结果对比分析,验证本文方法的有效性,进而开展不同坡角和排土场距坡肩距离影响分析。结果表明:(1)本文方法计算结果与数值计算结果吻合度较好,表明本文方法边坡极限承载力上限解合理有效;(2)边坡极限承载力与坡角大小呈线性负相关,与排土场距坡肩距离呈线性正相关,相比于排土场距坡肩距离而言,坡角对边坡承载力影响更为敏感;(3)坡角变化对边坡失稳模式影响较大,而排土场距坡肩距离的变化对边坡失稳模式影响不明显;(4)坡角和排土场距坡肩距离均对滑裂面起始位置和溢出位置有影响,滑裂面起始位置受排土场距坡肩距离影响较大而受坡角影响较小,滑裂面溢出位置受坡角影响较大而受排土场距坡肩距离影响较小。相关研究成果有望为边坡及邻坡基础设计提供理论支持。 相似文献