A study on cosmic dust particles in Antarctic ice，snow and non－Antarctic region and their origins

ＡｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｃｏｓｍｉｃｄｕｓｔｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓｉｎＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃｉｃｅ，ｓｎｏｗａｎｄｎｏｎ－ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃｒｅｇｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｏｒｉｇｉｎｓＷａｎｇＤａｏｄｅ（王道德）ａｎｄＤａｉＣｈｅｎｇｄａ（戴诚达）（Ｇｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕ...     

The pedogenic groups and diagnostic characteristics in the Fildes Peninsula of King George Island， Antarctica

（赵烨）（李天杰）ＴｈｅｐｅｄｏｇｅｎｉｃｇｒｏｕｐｓａｎｄｄｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｉｎｔｈｅＦｉｌｄｅｓＰｅｎｉｎｓｕｌａｏｆＫｉｎｇＧｅｏｒｇｅＩｓｌａｎｄ，Ａｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａ￥ＺｈａｏＹｅａｎｄＬｉＴｉａｎｊｉｅ（Ｉ...     

Paleomagnetism of Early Tertiary volcanics in the South Shetland Islands and its tectonic implications

ＰａｌｅｏｍａｇｎｅｔｉｓｍｏｆＥａｒｌｙＴｅｒｔｉａｒｙｖｏｌｃａｎｉｃｓｉｎｔｈｅＳｏｕｔｈＳｈｅｔｌａｎｄＩｓｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｉｔｓｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｉｍｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓＬｉｕＪｉａｎ（刘坚）；ＧｅＴｏｎｇｍｉｎｇ（葛同明）；ＤｕａｎＷｅｉｗ...     

A comparative study on the ionospheric current systems in the Antarctic and Arctic regions

ＡｃｏｍｐａｒａｔｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｈｅｉｏｎｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｉｎｔｈｅＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａｎｄＡｒｃｔｉｃｒｅｇｉｏｎｓＸｕＷｅｎｙａｏ（徐文耀）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ，ＡｃａｄｅｍｉａＳｉｎｉ...     

Species composition and quantitative variation of zooplankton in the Great Wall Bay and its adjacent waters，Antarctica

ＳｐｅｃｉｅｓｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎａｎｄｑｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆｚｏｏｐｌａｎｋｔｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＧｒｅａｔＷａｌｌＢａｙａｎｄｉｔｓ　ａｄｊａｃｅｎｔｗａｔｅｒｓ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＨｕａｎｇＦｅｎｇｐｅｎｇ（黄凤鹏）ａｎｄ...     

A study on nano－ and microdiatoms in the intertidal zones of Zhongshan Station，Antarctica

Ａｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｎａｎｏ－ａｎｄｍｉｃｒｏｄｉａｔｏｍｓｉｎｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｔｉｄａｌｚｏｎｅｓｏｆＺｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎＳｔａｔｉｏｎ，ＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＺｈｕＧｅｎｈａｉ（朱根海）；ＬｕＤｏｕｄｉｎｇ（陆斗定）ａｎｄＷａｎｇＺｉｐａｎ（王自磐）（Ｓ...     

Studies on the plasma tryptophan and urinary 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid in expedition members residing in Antarctica

Ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎｔｈｅｐｌａｓｍａｔｒｙｐｔｏｐｈａｎａｎｄｕｒｉｎａｒｙ５┐ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ┐３┐ｉｎｄｏｌｅａｃｅｔｉｃａｃｉｄｉｎｅｘｐｅｄｉｔｉｏｎｍｅｍｂｅｒｓｒｅｓｉｄｉｎｇｉｎＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉ┐ｃａＸｕＳｈｕｈｕａｉ（许澍淮）ａｎｄＸ...     

The chemical compositions of Antarctic iron meteorites and their classification

（王道德）（陈永亨）ＴｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃｉｒｏｎｍｅｔｅｏｒｉｔｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｃｌａｓｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ￥ＷａｎｇＤａｏｄｅａｎｄＣｈｅｎＹｏｎｇｈｅｎｇ（ＧｕａｎｇｚｈｕｏＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏ...     

Analyses on the physio－psychological state of the expeditioners in Antarctica

Ａｎａｌｙｓｅｓｏｎｔｈｅｐｈｙｓｉｏ－ｐｓｙｃｈｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｓｔａｔｅｏｆｔｈｅｅｘｐｅｄｉｔｉｏｎｅｒｓｉｎＡｎｔａｒｃｔｉｃａＺｈａｎｇＷｅｎｃｈｅｎｇ（张文诚）；ＷｕＷｅｎ（巫雯）ａｎｄＹｕＹｏｎｇｚｈｏｎｇ（于永中）（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＩｎ...     

The characteristics of geophysical field and tectonic evolutionin the Bransfield Strait

ＴｈｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｇｅｏｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｆｉｅｌｄａｎｄｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＢｒａｎｓｆｉｅｌｄＳｔｒａｉｔＹａｏＢｏｃｈｕ（姚伯初）;ＷａｎｇＧｕａｎｇｙｕ（王光宇）;ＣｈｅｎＢａｎｇｙａｎ（陈邦彦）ａ...     

Grazing of Salpa thompsoni on phytoplankton in summer in the Prydz Bay region, Antarctica

During the CHINARE ⅩⅤ cruise in austral summer of 1998/1999, the abundance and feeding activity of Salpa thompsoni were investigated in the Prydz Bay region. Salps samples were collected by vertical tows from the depth of 200 m to the surface with a conical net of 330 μm mesh size. At ⅤⅠ 3 station, the grazing rates were studied by the gut fluorescence method and culture experiments. S. Thompsoni was mainly distributed in the northern part of the survey area, and its maximum densities reached to 2795 ind.·1000 m -3 . A dramatic decrease in salp stock was observed at the Marginal Ice Zone. The results of the feeding experiments at the ⅤⅠ 3 show that the gut pigment contents of S. thompsoni ranged from (0.14 1.27) μg ind. -1 (average 0.98 μg ind. -1 ). The individual ingestion rate is 7.9 μg ind. -1 ·day -1 , and the filtration rate is 28 L ind. -1 ·day -1 . Through the daily grazing rate of S. thompsoni , which takes account of less than 1% of the phytoplankton standing stock, it shows a relatively higher grazing impress on the primary production (72.2%).     

南极小红蛤生理生态学研究

本文在实验室条件下研究了南极小红蛤的摄食、呼吸和排泄。随着小红蛤的个体大小（壳长）和干重的增加，单位个体的摄食率、耗氧率、排氨率、ＭＣＲ、Ｏ／Ｎ增大，而单位干重的耗氧率、ＭＣＲ、Ｏ／Ｎ下降。本文还利用Ｏ／Ｎ比探讨了小红蛤的代谢能源机制。     

Prey composition and feeding rate of Sagitta elegans var. arctica (chaetognatha) in the Barents Sea in early summer

Sagitta elegans var. arctica , the dominant and locally abundant chaetognath in the Barents sea, was collected from the upper 50 m in Arctic water masses during an ice edge bloom in early summer 1983. In situ sampling was made along a transect at discrete depths with a 375 μm mesh net mounted on a plankton pump. Prey composition and feeding rate were estimated from gut content analyses on preserved specimens combined with data on digestion times from previous studies. No diel variations were found in feeding activity. The diet reflected the composition of available prey in the zooplankton and consisted mainly of nauplii, small copepods (early stages of Calanus, Pseudocalanus, Oithona ) and appendicularians. Prey usually occurred as a single item in the gut.
Mean prey body width related to chaetognath head width yielded a power curve, with a large amount of scatter, showing that chaetognaths in the Barents Sea can use a wide spectrum of prey sizes. Similarly, maximum prey body width was related to chaetognath head width as a power curve, reflecting the existence of an upper prey size limitation due to the chaetognath mouth size. The highest abundance of S. elegans (5 specimens m⁻³), and the most intense feeding activity, were found within or beneath the maximum zooplankton biomass. Further, distribution and feeding were affected by light intensity, salinity, and the population structure of 5. elegans var. arctica.
Estimated feeding rates ranged between 0.30 and 1.05 prey items per chaetognath day⁻¹. This corresponds to an ingestion of 8-54 μg AFDW day⁻¹, and a consumption of 0.08–0.22% of the zooplankton standing stock day⁻¹. From these rates, the calculated yearly ingestion by S. elegans var. arctica was 3% of the annually secondary production.     

北京市蔬菜和菜地土壤砷含量及其健康风险分析

通过对北京市蔬菜和菜地土壤砷含量状况进行大规模调查,研究了蔬菜和土壤砷含量及其健康风险,并筛选出抗砷污染能力强的蔬菜品种。根据蔬菜的消费量并兼顾品种多样性的原则,在北京市规模化蔬菜栽培基地 (采集蔬菜及土壤样品) 和蔬菜批发市场 (蔬菜样品) 共采集93种蔬菜400多份蔬菜样品和39个土壤样品系统地分析其砷含量。研究发现：北京市菜地土壤砷含量范围和平均含量分别为4.44~25.3和9.40 mg/kg,明显超过北京市土壤砷背景值;北京市蔬菜砷含量最高达0.479 mg/kg,平均含量为0.028 mg/kg,均未超过《食品中砷限量卫生标准》(GB4810-94) 的限量值,但其中有2个蔬菜样品 (萝卜和大蒜) 砷含量超过WHO/FAO制订的限量标准。北京市蔬菜砷含量在东偏北方向 (偏转11^o-30^o) 存在明显的"U"型趋势分布。裸露地蔬菜砷含量显著高于设施蔬菜。油菜、萝卜、小白菜、大葱、芥菜、黄瓜、大白菜和甘蓝抗砷污染能力较弱,而辣椒、云架豆、冬瓜、茄子、菠菜、西红柿、芹菜等抗砷污染能力则较强。北京市居民从蔬菜中摄入砷平均值为0.016 mg/(人·d),蔬菜砷对北京市部分人群存在一定的健康风险。     

不同种植方式下丁香酚对2种作物根系形态的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究浓度为300×10^-6 mol·kg^-1的丁香酚对小麦（Triticum aestivum）间作蚕豆（Vicia faba）、单作小麦和单作蚕豆根系形态的影响,以期探讨通过间作弱化化感抑制作用的可能性和机理,为间作群体的化感物质调控提供理论依据。结果表明：丁香酚对单作小麦和间作蚕豆单株根鲜重、干重、根长都有抑制效应,但对间作小麦和单作蚕豆的单株根鲜重、干重、单株根长有促进效应。具体表现在间作复合群体中,经丁香酚处理后,小麦的单株根鲜重、干重、体积以及根长较单作有明显的增加,同时单株蚕豆根鲜重、干重、体积以及根长较单作显著减少,说明小麦间作蚕豆能有效缓解小麦根际丁香酚的累积,同时产生它感作用,对蚕豆根系生长产生明显的抑制效应。     

梭梭幼苗干物质积累和叶绿素荧光对NaCl胁迫的响应

以生长在荒漠地区的典型植物梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)幼苗为实验材料,研究了它在不同浓度NaCl处理后30 d和50 d时的叶绿素荧光参数、地上/地下干物质重量及叶片数量变化特征.结果表明,在NaCl处理后30 d时,随着NaCl浓度的增加.梭梭幼苗地上部分十重、地下部分干重、总十重及叶片数量显著...     

不同供水条件下梭梭幼苗生长动态的研究

 在自然条件下,以梭梭幼苗为研究对象,设计单次供水10、20、40、60 mm和80 mm 5个水分梯度,模拟不同融雪量对幼苗在生长季节内影响变化的情况。结果表明,供水量显著影响了梭梭的幼苗高、根长、苗干重、根干重、基径。在整个生长季的一些阶段,对苗高、根长、苗干重、根干重、基径生长率影响显著,对其根冠比也有显著的影响。在实验供水范围内,供水越多,越有利于梭梭幼苗存活与生长。梭梭幼苗垂直根长大约是株高的3～5倍,梭梭垂直根长增加的速率明显大于高度增长的速率（一般为2～6倍,最大甚至超过10倍）,因此,在干旱期来临之前,幼苗根系的快速生长对其成活起着决定性作用。     

北京市菜地土壤和蔬菜的锌含量及其健康风险评估

通过97种蔬菜、454个样品的调查表明,北京市菜地土壤锌明显高于北京市土壤锌背景值,其含量范围、算术均值、中值和几何均值分别为24.9³08、79.2、63.8和70.7 mg/kg。北京市蔬菜锌含量范围、中值和算术均值分别为0.005²5.6、2.24和3.11 mg/kg鲜重。叶菜类蔬菜锌含量显著高于瓜果类蔬菜,其余各类型间差异均不显著。北京市市售外地产蔬菜锌含量显著高于本地产蔬菜;裸露地蔬菜与设施蔬菜锌含量差异不显著。冬瓜、西红柿、茄子、黄瓜、辣椒和大葱和部分特菜的锌富集系数最低,抗土壤锌污染的能力较强。北京市居民从蔬菜中摄入锌的量为4.04 mg/人.d,蔬菜锌对北京市居民不会构成健康风险。     

Study on the metabolism of two dominant copepods: Calanoides acutus and Metridia gerlachei collected in summer from the marginal ice zone of the Prydz Bay, Antarctica

Metabolic rates (oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion) of two dominant copepods, Calanoides acutus and Metridia gerlachei, were measured during the austral summer (December 1998 January 1999), in the marginal ice zone of the Prydz Bay. Their elemental compositions (C and N) were also analysed through these metabolic experiments. The results showed that C. acutus was 48.4% 48.6% of dry weight in carbon content and 6.1% 6.5% of dry weight in nitrogen content. Metridia gerlachei was 47.1% 50.1% and 5.9% 7.4%, relatively. Oxygen consumption rates of C. acutus were variant in the different areas (0.226 to 0.774 μlO 2mg -1h -1). And its ammonia excretion rates ranged from 0.014 to 0.105 μgNmg -1h -1. The ratio between the rates (O∶N) exhibited a large difference(5 6 times). For Metridia gerlachei, oxygen consumption rates were 0.488 0.644 μlO 2mg -1 and ammonia excretion rates were 0.015 0.034 μgNmg -1h -1. From the results of metabolic rate measurements and elemental analyses, daily losses of body carbon and nitrogen were estimated to be 0.59% 1.99% and 0.44% 3.27%, respectively. The metabolic carbon requirements accounted for 0 6% 29 2% of primary production per day, and their excretion of ammonia occupied 0.2% 38.0% of daily phytoplankton nitrogen demand.     

福建山地红壤磷酸离子（H2P04^-）吸附与解吸附的初步研究

对福建山地红壤磷吸附和解吸状况作了研究．结果表明：福建山地红壤磷吸附与解吸状况极显著地吻合了Langmuir方程．运用该方程可推算出最大吸附量和标准需磷量。福建山地红壤磷吸附量较大、解吸量较小，且磷吸附量与土壤有机质、酸度、有效磷、粘粒有着显著的相关关系。