发展高端海洋产业 助推蓝色经济区建设

<正>海洋是威海最大的发展优势、最广阔的发展空间、最大潜力和活力所在。深入学习实践科学发展观活动、尤其是胡锦涛总书记作出打造山东半岛蓝色经济区重要指示以来,通过深入的调查研究与认真思考,我们认为必须全力推进高端海洋产业发展,使高端海洋产业成为蓝色经济区的优势和主导产业,使威海成为蓝色经济区的核心区和"深蓝区"。     

积极服务蓝色经济区建设 扎实推进“环湾保护、拥湾发展”战略实施——青岛市海洋与渔业局积极服务蓝色经济区建设纪实

青岛市海洋与渔业局以邓小平理论和＂三个代表＂重要思想为指导,深入贯彻落实科学发展观,紧紧围绕蓝色经济区建设大局,扎实推进＂环湾保护、拥湾发展＂战略实施,着力推进全省领先、全国一流的海域使用管理示范区、海洋生态文明示范区和现代渔业发展示范区建设,连续四年被评为＂全国海域使用管理先进单位＂＂全国海洋环保先进集体＂＂国家级海域使用管理示范区＂,荣获＂全国海洋综合管理特等奖＂。2008 年因海域管理和海洋环保工作成效显著,被中共中央、国务院授予北京奥运会残奥会先进集体。2009 年完成主要海洋产业总产值1500亿元,比2008年增长3.5%,居山东省城市之首。2010年以来,根据中央和省、市关于加快转方式、调结构工作部署,青岛市海洋与渔业局党委带领广大干部职工进一步解放思想、振奋精神,科学务实、积极作为,努力推动海洋开发与管理新跨越,促进海洋经济新发展。     

凝心聚力 乘势而上——青岛市海洋与渔业局服务蓝色经济区建设纪实

2011年初,《山东半岛蓝色经济发展规划》经国务院批准,蓝色经济区建设上升为国家战略,青岛市委、市政府对海洋与渔业工作提出了新要求,广大市民对蓝色经济区建设寄予了新期望,海洋与渔业工作面临前所未有的新机遇、新挑战。作为市政府主管海洋事务和渔业行政的工作部门,青岛市海洋与渔业局紧紧围绕蓝色经济区建设大局,深入贯彻落实科学发展观,以加快建设“全省领先、全国一流的海域使用管理示范区、海洋生态文明示范区和现代渔业发展示范区”为工作目标,求真务实、开拓创新,各项工作取得顺利进展。     

日照国际海洋城：产城融合的蓝色新城

日照国际海洋城,是贯彻落实胡锦涛总书记“打造和建设好山东半岛蓝色经济区”重要指示、立足于建设海洋特色新兴城市提出的战略构想,作为纳入《山东半岛蓝色经济区发展规划》国家战略的中外合作项目,是山东省重点建没的海洋特色园区。     

深化海洋综合管理推动山东半岛蓝色经济区建设

“十二五”开局之初,全国首部以海洋经济为特色的区域发展规划——《山东半岛蓝色经济区发展规划》获国务院批准,规划确定将山东半岛蓝色经济区建设成为具有先进水平的海洋经济改革发展示范区和我国东部沿海重要的经济增长极。这是落实科学发展主题和转变经济发展方式主线的生动实践,是我国实施海洋发展战略的重大举措,也预示着山东一个新的海洋时代的到来。     

加快海洋与渔业发展推进蓝色经济区建设

从部门职能角度出发,对加快海洋与渔业发展、服务蓝色经济区建设进行探索和研究,重点从搞好综合协调服务、提高海洋管理水平、推进海洋生态文明建设、发展现代渔业、加大海洋执法力度等方面提出相关思路和建议.     

深化海洋综合管理 推动山东半岛蓝色经济区建设

十二五开局之初,全国首部以海洋经济为特色的区域发展规划——《山东半岛蓝色经济区发展规划》获国务院批准,规划确定将山东半岛蓝色经济区建设成为具有先进水平的海洋经济     

蓝色经济区建设对发展低碳经济的推动作用

蓝色经济区建设是发展海洋经济的一个重要途径和表现形式。为发展海洋经济,我国规划了山东、浙江、广州、福建和天津5个以海洋经济为主题的发展区域,大力开发海洋新能源、发展高端海水养殖业、推进制度创新和技术创新是蓝色经济区建设的重要内容。海洋新能源可以节约不可再生能源,减少废气的产生,海水养殖业能加强海洋对大气中温室气体的吸附作用,制度与技术创新能提供法律保障的同时提高有限能源的使用效率。因此,在建设蓝色经济区的同时,对低碳经济发展提供了重要的推动力。     

山东半岛蓝色经济区主导产业的选择

山东半岛蓝色经济区建设过程中,主导产业的选择已经成为产业结构调整的突破口和切入点,关系到整个蓝色经济区的发展方向和发展速度。文章依据区域主导产业选择的理论和原则,利用层次分析法建立了蓝色经济区主导产业选择的指标体系,对蓝色经济区主导产业进行优选,认为山东半岛蓝色经济区应将海洋渔业、滨海旅游业、海洋交通运输业和海洋生物医药业作为主导产业发展。     

论山东半岛蓝色经济区建设过程中海洋资源的科学开发

海洋资源包括海洋生物资源、海洋矿产资源、海洋能源以及海洋空间资源四大种类.海洋资源要实现科学开发,必须按照各资源的不同属性和特点,灵活运用各种开发模式和管理模式,才能实现海洋资源的科学开发,为山东半岛蓝色经济区的建设和山东海洋经济的可持续发展提供坚实的基础.     

Model of the post-Cenozoic evolution of the cryolithozone of the shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea

The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level.     

Investigation of the mechanism of the long-term evolution of the carbon cycle in the ecosystem of the Sevastopol bay

We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.     

Contemporary state of the investigation of the influence of the discharge of rivers on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea

We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Modelling of the ecosystem of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube

We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Dynamics of the ice cover and peculiarities of the ice transportation of the sediments at the tidal flats of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea

Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m³ from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m³ on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Variability of the nutrient runoff of the rivers of the Arctic Basin

The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.     

Parameters of the sediments of the deep-water basin of the Black Sea

The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.     

Modelling of the ecosystem on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea

Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

Evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea

The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.