基于MapX的阵列功能的设计与实现

首先讨论了在直角坐标系和地理坐标系下阵列功能的算法原理,详细介绍了基于Delphi和MapX的地理坐标系下阵列功能的设计和算法实现过程。此功能扩展了MapInfo的数字化功能,在一定程度上提高了数字化的效率和精度。     

基于遥感技术的土地利用现状图的制作

借助红寺堡开发区1:10000土地利用现状调查工作,概述了基于遥感影像的土地利用现状图的制作过程,并对成果进行了分析和评价。为在宁夏将遥感技术应用于土地祥查奠定了基础,也为土地调查统计提供了新的有效途径和方法,提高了效率和现势性。     

面向对象的水利地理空间元数据库的研究与实现

论述了地理空间元数据的特点和组织结构,分析了已有元数据组织和管理模式的不足。在阐述面向对象核心思想的基础上,剖析了地理空间元数据的"对象"特质。然后以面向对象的思想对地理空间元数据重新加以认识和描述,提出了基于面向对象方法的地理空间元数据组织和管理模式,并设计实现了面向对象的水利地理空间元数据库,克服了已有模式的不足。     

基于Ajax的网络地理信息系统的应用研究

从网络地理信息系统和Ajax的相关技术入手,分析了基于Ajax引擎的Web应用模型和基于Ajax的WebGIS系统架构。Ajax技术与WebGIS结合,能够实现浏览器与地图服务器之间的异步交互,与传统的WebGIS应用相比,减少了冗余,减轻了请求和响应对服务器造成的负荷。文中以SuperMap IS.NET为开发平台,提出了基于Ajax的WebGIS应用开发方法及应用实例。Ajax的引入,使整个WebGIS的性能达到最佳状态,极大地提升了用户的应用体验。     

基于MapX的土地利用现状数据库的设计与实现

土地利用现状数据库的建立,可实现土地利用现状资料管理和变更调查工作的数字化和自动化。分析了土地利用现状数据库的建设现状及其特点,论述了建立土地利用数据库的重要性,以张寨镇为例,实现了基于MapX的土地利用现状数据库系统设计,并在此基础上实现了系统查询功能和地图的基本操作功能。     

基于MapX的车辆管理系统的开发与研究

根据某省交通部门对车辆查询和管理服务的实际需求,在GIS与GPS的理论基础上,采用具有强大地图分析功能的MapX和组件技术建立了一个Client／Server模式的GIS与GPS技术相结合的车辆管理系统。简要介绍了该系统的功能和体系结构,并详细讨论了系统实现的关键技术和方法,文章最后对未来的发展趋势进行了分析展望。     

基于移动位置服务的地理信息系统的总体设计

随着移动通信网络从2.5G向3G的演进,我国移动位置服务业务和产业都有了长足的发展,基于位置服务(LBS)将成为地理信息产业和移动通信市场增值服务的一个亮点。介绍了目前主要的LBS定位服务的技术实现,总体设计了基于位置服务的地理信息系统,描述了系统的构架和功能模块,探讨了相关技术难点,为地理信息技术与服务在移动LBS业务中的应用提供借鉴。     

基于GIS的国土资源电子政务系统的设计

在分析了国土资源信息化建设现状及其存在的问题的基础上,本文提出了莱州市国土资源电子政务系统的设计思想和网络结构方案,对面向业务流程的多层电子政务设计模式和系统功能模块设计进行了详细的描述,最后阐述了所涉及的关键技术和国土资源数据中心的内容。     

基于MapGIS的县级土地利用数据库的建设

针对土地利用数据管理需要,本文着重利用国产GIS软件MapGIS进行土地利用数据库的构建,对土地利用数据采集和处理等关键技术进行了探讨,并形成了相关的应用技术,大大提高了土地利用数据采集、处理和管理的效率和技术应用层次。     

基于GIS的荆州市水利信息系统的设计与实现

以荆州市为例,详细介绍了基于GIS的水利信息系统的设计与实现。首先介绍了系统的设计目标和基本原则,然后介绍了系统的详细设计,最后介绍了系统的运行和实现的功能。该系统的运行得到了荆州市水利局的肯定。     

Shell model representation as a substitute of LoD3 for 3D modeling in CityGML

The OGC standard for 3D city modeling is widely used in an increasing number of applications.It defines five consecutive Levels of Detail(LoD0 to LoD4 with increasing accuracy and structural complexity),in which LoD3 includes all exterior appearances and geometrical details and subsequently requires much storage space.A new LoD is introduced as shell model with the exterior shell of the LoD3 model and the opening objects like windows,doors as well as smaller faade objects are projected onto walls.In this paper,a user survey is presented.The results of this survey show that the shell model can give users almost the same visual impression as the LoD3 model.Furthermroe,algorithms are developed to extract the shell model from LoD3 model.Experiments show that this shell model can reduce up to 90% storage of the original LoD3 model.Therefore,on one hand it can be used as a substitute for a LoD3 model for the visualization on small displays.On the other hand,it can be treated as a sub-level of detail(SLoD3) in CityGML,since it retains almost the same amount of information but requires much less storage space.     

Insights into the affine model for high-resolution satellite sensor orientation

As a model for sensor orientation and 3D geopositioning for high-resolution satellite imagery (HRSI), the affine transformation from object to image space has obvious advantages. Chief among these is that it is a straightforward linear model, comprising only eight parameters, which has been shown to yield sub-pixel geopositioning accuracy when applied to Ikonos stereo imagery. This paper aims to provide further insight into the affine model in order to understand why it performs as well as it does. Initially, the model is compared to counterpart, ‘rigorous’ affine transformation formulations which account for the conversion from a central perspective to affine image. Examination of these rigorous models sheds light on issues such as the effects of terrain and size of area, as well as upon the choice of reference coordinate system and the impact of the adopted scanning mode of the sensor. The results of application of the affine sensor orientation model to four multi-image Ikonos test field configurations are then presented. These illustrate the very high geopositioning accuracy attainable with the affine model, and illustrate that the model is not affected by size of area, but can be influenced to a modest extent by mountainous terrain, the mode of scanning and the choice of object space coordinate system. Above all, the affine model is shown to be both a robust and practical sensor orientation/triangulation model with high metric potential.     

WebGIS空间数据传输研究

首先分析了WebGIS中两种传统的空间数据传输模型:基于栅格的空间数据传输模型和基于矢量的空间数据传输模型,总结比较了各自的优、缺点和适用环境。然后在此基础上,结合近几年兴起的XML技术提出了基于XML的空间数据传输模型,探讨了WebGIS空间数据传输的新模式,给出了多源空间数据到GML格式和GML到SVG格式的转换方法。为基于XML的WebGIS研究提供了一些思路。     

GIS 优化 SRM 储流函数模型变量与参数方法研究

水文模型的结构确定后,模型参数的选择对水文模型整体性能和水文预报结果的好坏有着至关重要的影响。为使得模型的输出值能够尽可能地接近实际值,文中结合数字高程模型(DEM)和流域地质资料,使用GIS方法分别从优化数据源和加入地质因素影响分析优化模型参数两方面入手,对SRM储流函数模型进行优化,并以北海道沙流川流域为例对上述方法进行检验,结果说明了方法的可行性。     

Semantic Interoperability through the Definition of Conceptual Model Transformations

The integration of distributed geospatial data is a great issue in GI Science. Hereby, the collection of data from different systems and different structures as well as across country borders is a problem. We explain a model‐based four‐step approach to conceptual data modelling. Within this approach, we introduce a methodology to map data models on the conceptual level without touching data formats. First, we developed a conceptual mapping language called “UMLT” which is the core of our approach. Furthermore, we integrated UMLT into the Model‐Driven Architecture where a conceptual model mapping is referred to as a platform independent model mapping. Finally, the data format transformation is deduced from the model mapping automatically. This represents the implementation mapping from a platform independent model to a platform specific model. Together with transformation operations for attribute mapping, this approach is a means for effective and enhanced semantic interoperability.     

模板驱动的城市地下管线出图研究

针对城市地下管线数据的特点,设计基于扩展Geodatabase的地下管线统一数据模型,实现管线数据的统一建模。为了解决城市地下管线出图自动化程度低及工作量大的问题,按照国家标准设计适合管线出图的模板,主要包括符号模板、注记模板和图廓整饰模板。以矩形分幅为例,介绍模板驱动下的综合管线出图设计框架,分析其中的关键技术。最后以洛阳市地下管线数据进行实验验证,初步实现城市地下管线出图的智能化。     

回归模型误差补偿半参数法中正则矩阵任意时的参数估计

用试验观测数据建立的回归拟合模型不可避免地存在模型误差,将模型误差视为非参数分量列入回归模型的半参数模型是一种重要的回归模型.本文利用补偿最小二乘原理,导出了顾及预测点的半参数回归模型参数及模型误差的估计量,并对估计量进行精度评定,给出了估计量及精度评定的相应公式.在理论分析的基础上,得出了只要正则矩阵R的选取使法方程...     

虚拟地理试验的地标视觉显著度模型

针对地标显著度计算存在的因子不全、赋权主观的问题,提出了一种利用虚拟地理试验构建地标显著度模型的方法。以城市地标显著度模型求解为例,分析了地标视觉显著度影响因子（简称为视觉因子）及计算方法,构建了一种综合眼动追踪、视觉因子可控和可计算的虚拟试验环境。开展了眼动指标与地标显著度之间的关系求解试验,建立起二者的定量关系模型。以该模型为基础,开展了地标视觉显著度与视觉因子间定量关系的求解试验,通过试验数据拟合得到最终的地标视觉显著度模型公式。本文方法的核心是：在视觉因子可控可计算的虚拟环境中,使用眼动指标表征显著度值,通过地标认知试验及数据分析拟合得到显著度模型。该方法对于研究地标判别这类人与环境相互作用机制的问题具有独特的优势,可降低研究的复杂度,克服研究结果的难复现性。     

反导自记忆模型的隧道沉降分析

针对传统的变形预测模型不能对隧道高度非线性监测数据的沉降趋势和波动特征进行准确的预测问题,该文提出了反导自记忆模型。该模型运用了自记忆原理,克服了传统的变形预测模型对初值比较敏感、预测精度低等局限性,提高了对波动性数据的预测能力,之后通过工程实例验证了反导自记忆模型的可行性。最后与灰色自记忆模型进行对比,得出反导自记忆模型能够对非线性和波动性监测数据做出更加准确的预测,提高了预测的精度。     

Simulating Spatial Dynamics and Processes in a Retail Gasoline Market: An Agent‐Based Modeling Approach

Simulating the dynamics and processes within a spatially influenced retail market, such as the retail gasoline market, is a highly challenging research area. Current approaches are limited through their inability to model the impact of supplier or consumer behavior over both time and space. Agent‐based models (ABMs) provide an alternative approach that overcomes these problems. We demonstrate how knowledge of retail pricing is extended by using a ‘hybrid’ model approach: an agent model for retailers and a spatial interaction model for consumers. This allows the issue of spatial competition between individual retailers to be examined in a way only accessible to agent‐based models, allowing each model retailer autonomous control over optimizing their price. The hybrid model is shown to be successful at recreating spatial pricing dynamics at a national scale, simulating the effects of a rise in crude oil prices as well as accurately predicting which retailers were most susceptible to closure over a 10‐year period.