滇东南老君山南秧田钨矿床的成矿流体和成矿作用

南秧田钨矿床位于滇东南老君山钨锡多金属成矿区.矿体形态简单,主要呈层状和似层状,在空间上与矽卡岩密切相关.该矿床的形成经历了矽卡岩期和石英硫化物期,前者可分为矽卡岩阶段和退化蚀变阶段,后者可分为石英硫化物阶段和方解石硫化物阶段.白钨矿主要形成于退化蚀变阶段.文章对南秧田矽卡岩型钨矿床内不同成矿阶段的石榴子石、绿帘石、石...     

滇东南老君山地区印支期成矿事件初探——以新寨锡矿床和南秧田钨矿床为例

老君山地区是滇东南多金属成矿带的重要组成部分,但对该区典型矿床精确的成矿时代和构造背景的研究较少.文章选择与锡石密切共生的金云母及与钨矿共生的辉钼矿为研究对象,分别运用40Ar-39Ar阶段加热和Re-Os同位素定年方法,对新寨锡矿床中的金云母及南秧田钨矿床中的辉钼矿进行了成矿时代的研究,获得了金云母的40Ar-39A...     

电气石的化学特征与相关矿床的关系

电气石是一种含挥发分的硅酸盐矿物，作为副矿物的电气石与其他矿物共生，且含量较少，但在电气石岩中可达60％以上，以前很少被人们重视。近10年来，随着对一些大型锡、钨等矿床的勘探和研究，发现电气石与这些矿床有着密切的关系。分析对比电气石成分中w(FeO)/w(FeO MgO)的比值，把国内几个有关矿床与国外一些典型矿床作比较，再借鉴前人对典型矿床中的电气石进行硼同位素的研究结果，找出不同特征电气石与不同矿床之间的关系。     

赣南盘古山钨矿床稳定同位素地球化学特征

盘古山钨矿床是南岭地区著名的大型钨矿床。通过氢、氧、硫和硅同位素地球化学特征的研究,对盘古山钨矿床的成矿流体和成矿物质来源进行了探讨。研究结果显示:成矿流体δD值介于-121.7‰~-80.6‰,δ18O值为2.97‰~6.47‰,硫化物δ34S值集中分布于-2.3‰~1.3‰,石英脉的石英δ30Si平均值为-0.44‰;花岗岩的石英δ30Si平均值为-0.53‰;砂岩的石英δ30Si平均值为0.2‰。研究结果表明:盘古山钨矿床的成矿流体、成矿物质以及硅质均主要来源于花岗岩浆,少部分成矿流体来自大气降水,少部分硅质来自砂岩地层。     

云南南秧田钨矿床流体包裹体特征及其意义

对南秧田矽卡岩型钨矿床的石英和石榴石流体包裹体的岩相学特征研究表明,与成矿有关的包裹体主要有3类:富液相、富气相和含子晶的多相包裹体。石英包裹体均一温度范围为232～337℃,盐度w(NaCl)=0.53%～9.98%;石榴石包裹体的均一温度范围为228～306℃,盐度w(NaCl)=6.45%～14.04%。激光拉曼探针分析表明,南秧田白钨矿的成矿流体中气相成分以H2O为主,含少量CO2、CH4、H2S和N2等气体,液相成分以H2O为主,属NaCl-H2O流体体系。成矿溶液的密度为0.72～0.87g/cm3,表明形成这种矽卡岩型矿床的成矿流体均属于中温、低盐度、低密度的流体。成矿压力为18～32MPa,成矿深度约为0.6～1.2km。石英包裹体水的δD为-72.16‰～-65.10‰,δ18O为7.98‰～8.45‰,钨矿床中硫化物δ34S为6.6‰。成矿流体主要来自燕山晚期的岩浆热液作用。     

滇东南南秧田矽卡岩型钨矿床成矿演化

南秧田矽卡岩型白钨矿床是滇东南老君山钨锡多金属成矿区的重要组成部分之一。该矿床由多个白钨矿体组成,以层状、似层状矽卡岩型矿石为主,矽卡岩矿物组合以透辉石+钙铁辉石+钙铝榴石+角闪石+绿帘石为主。南秧田钨矿床的形成经历了矽卡岩阶段,石英-白钨矿阶段和方解石阶段,通过对不同阶段矿石矿物和脉石矿物的流体包裹体显微测温分析表明:矽卡岩中的流体包裹体的均一温度范围为221~423℃,石英-白钨矿的均一温度为177~260℃,晚期方解石脉的温度最低,为173~227℃。矽卡岩中的流体包裹体的盐度w(Na Cleq)为0.18%~16.34%,石英-白钨矿的盐度w(Na Cleq)为0.35%~7.17%,晚期方解石脉的盐度w(Na Cleq)为0.35%~2.24%。激光拉曼探针测试表明,3个阶段的流体包裹体组分主要为H2O,还有少量的N2,只有在石英-白钨矿阶段的流体包裹体组分除了H2O以外,还有少量的CH4。矿床从早期到晚期成矿阶段表现为一个降温的过程,说明钨成矿温度较宽泛。成矿期含矿矽卡岩的δ13CPDB值为-5.7‰~-6.9‰,δ18OSMOW值为5.8‰~9.1‰,表明成矿流体主要是岩浆水,其次为含有机质的碳酸盐岩地层和大气降水,反映出典型岩浆热液交代作用的特征。     

江西大吉山钨矿床不同成矿阶段稳定同位素地球化学

大吉山钨矿床是一个著名的石英脉型钨矿床。该矿床主成矿阶段成矿作用是在物理化学条件稳定、同位素平衡交换条件下进行的，而碳酸盐阶段的成矿作用则是在低温条件下大气降水与花岗岩相互作用过程中进行的     

滇东南南捞铜钨矿床S-Pb同位素特征

南捞是近年来滇东南老君山西北部地区新发现的矽卡岩铜钨矿床,由田房、布忙和高井槽等矿段组成,已探明铜钨资源储量均达到中型。为了查明其矿床成因,开展了矿床地质和S-Pb同位素等研究。结果表明,田房矿段中硫化物以似层状毒砂、脉状黄铜矿和黄铁矿等硫化物为主,其中,黄铜矿δ~(34)S_(CDT)值在4.05‰~11.02‰之间,呈塔式分布,暗示矿石S以岩浆或深部热液为主,并可能受地壳混染。不同金属矿物Pb同位素差异显著,具多来源特征。田房、布忙矿段中各矿石单矿物铅同位素组成~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb分别为:白钨矿,18.412~18.761、15.600~15.789、38.504~39.094;黄铜矿,18.301~18.345、15.652~15.696、38.488~38.564;黄铁矿,17.871~18.972、15.415~16.037、38.008~39.769;毒砂,17.917~18.093、15.524~15.650、38.004~38.283。对比研究表明,矿石与寒武系片岩和大理岩具有不同的Pb同位素组成,与加里东期南捞片麻岩或燕山期老君山花岗岩有相似分布范围。结合年代学研究成果,本文认为南捞Cu-W矿床的矿石Pb及其成矿金属物质可能起源于加里东期岩浆作用,其成矿作用与加里东期花岗岩作用更为密切,南捞片麻岩与寒武系的内外接触带附近,尤其是高温矿物组合部位可能是矿化的有利部位,该类矿化在该区找矿潜力巨大。     

Mineral Chemistry and Boron Isotopic Composition of Tourmaline from the Devonian Metallogenic District of Shanyang-Zhashui,Eastern Qinling

Toumaline is widespread in the host strata of strata-bound base metal sulphide deposits in the Devonian metallogenic district around Shanyang-Zhashui in eastern Qinling. As a member of the schorl-dravite series, the tourmaline is characterized by Mg > Fe and Na > Ca, showing apparent chemical zonation which records the geochemistry during its formation and subsequent regional metamorphism and hydrothermal overprint. The close similarity in chemical and isotopic constitutions between the tourmaline of the main metallogenic epoch in this district [FeO/(FeO + MgO)=0.34 − 0.39 and δ¹¹B=−7.6‰ − − 8.8‰] and those related to massive sulphide deposits typical of submarine (exhalative) hydrothermal sedimentation may add further support to a similar mechanism of mineralization for the strata-bound deposits in the district. Supported by the Foundation for Young Scientists under the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmaline from the Paleoproterozoic Houxianyu borate deposit,NE China: Implications for the origin of borate deposit

The Houxianyu borate deposit in northeastern China is one of the largest boron sources of China, hosted mainly in the Paleoproterozoic meta-volcanic and sedimentary rocks (known as the Liaohe Group) that are characterized by high boron concentrations. The borate ore-body has intimate spatial relationship with the Mg-rich carbonates/silicates of the Group, with fine-grained gneisses (meta-felsic volcanic rocks) as main country rocks. The presence of abundant tourmalinites and tourmaline-rich quartz veins in the borate orebody provides an opportunity to study the origin of boron, the nature of ore-forming fluids, and possible mineralization mechanism. We report the chemical and boron isotopic compositions of tourmalines from the tourmaline-rich rocks in the borate deposit and from the tourmaline-bearing fine-grained gneisses.Tourmalines from the fine-grained gneisses are chemically homogeneous, showing relatively high Fe and Na and low Mg, with δ¹¹B values in a narrow range from +1.22‰ to +2.63‰. Tourmalines from the tourmaline-rich rocks, however, commonly show compositional zoning, with an irregular detrital core and a euhedral overgrowth, and have significantly higher Mg, REE (and more pronounced positive Eu anomalies), V (229–1852 ppm) and Sr (208–1191 ppm) than those from the fine-grained gneisses. They show varied B isotope values ranging from +4.51‰ to +12.43‰, which plot intermediate between those of the terrigenous sediments and arc rocks with low boron isotope values (as represented by the δ¹¹B = +1.22‰ to +2.63‰ of the fine-grained gneisses of this study) and those of marine carbonates and evaporates with high boron isotope values. In addition, the rim of the zoned tourmaline shows notably higher Mg, Ti, V, Sn, and Pb, and REE (particularly LREEs), but lower Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn, and lower δ¹¹B values than the core. These data suggest that (1) the sources of boron of the borate ore-body are mainly the Paleoproterozoic meta-volcanic and sedimentary rocks, and (2) the ore-forming fluids should be the high temperature metamorphic fluids related to the amphibolite-facies metamorphism of the Paleoproterozoic foldbelt, which leach boron from the boron-rich meta-volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Liaohe Group, and the boron-rich metamorphic fluids subsequently interacted with the marine Mg-rich carbonates and evaporates, forming borate deposit, the tourmaline overgrowth in the rim and the tourmaline-rich rocks.     

粤北红岭钨矿中辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年代学及其地质意义

粤北红岭钨矿为产在热水复式岩体之中的中型钨多金属矿床,矿化类型为石英脉型黑钨矿化和蚀变花岗岩型白钨矿化.对矿区含矿石英脉中8个辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素测定,获得等时线年龄及模式年龄的加权平均值分别为(159.1±1.5)Ma和(158.8±0.88)Ma.等时线纵截距为-0.010±0.041,说明样品中不存在可测定的初始187Os.统计表明南岭地区中东段钨锡矿床的成矿年龄多集中在150～160 Ma.粤北已有的几个钨矿成矿年龄与区域燕山期花岗岩大规模侵位时期一致,表明南岭地区花岗岩成岩成矿可能不存在明显的时差.     

Chemical composition of tourmaline from the Yunlong tin deposit, Yunnan, China: implications for ore genesis and mineral exploration

Summary ?The Yunlong tin deposit is located in the northern part of the Lancangjiang metamorphic zone of the Sanjiang Tethys orogen series in western Yunan province of China. It consists of vein-type cassiterite ores, which are mainly hosted in migmatites of Caledonian age. Abundant tourmaline is associated with the ores, quartz–tourmaline veins and barren migmatized gneiss and migmatites. A detailed electron microprobe study has been carried out to document the chemical compositions of tourmaline from this deposit. The results exhibit a systematic compositional change that might be used as tracer for ore genesis and in prospecting for tin mineralization. Tourmalines from the ore bodies are dravite with Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratios of 0.09 ∼ 0.31 and Ca/(Ca + Na) ratios of 0.03 ∼ 0.40. These tourmalines are also rich in chromium (up to 0.74 wt% Cr₂O₃) and tin (up to 0.42 wt% Sn). In contrast, tourmalines from the barren migmatites are mostly schorl with Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratios of 0.38 ∼ 0.94 and Ca/(Ca + Na) ratios of 0.00 ∼ 0.14. Tourmalines from quartz–tourmaline veins that occur between ore bodies and the migmatites show intermediate compositions, i.e., Fe/(Fe + Mg) = 0.09 ∼ 0.59, Ca/(Ca + Na) = 0.01 ∼ 0.22. It is suggested that the Mg-rich nature of the tourmaline can be used as an exploration tool in this region to target tin mineralization, because the tourmalines show increasing Mg contents and are more dravitic when approaching the ore bodies. It is likely that the formation of the Yunlong tin deposit was related to migmatitic-hydrothermal processes. The high Mg and Cr contents in tourmalines from the ore bodies were probably derived from the local meta-sedimentary and meta-volcanic rocks of the Precambian Chongshan Group rather than from the granites in the region. Received December 28, 2000; revised version accepted January 25, 2002     

Geochemistry of meta-volcanic rocks from the Longbohe Cu deposit, Yunnan Province, China： Implications for the genesis and tectonic setting

The Longbohe Cu deposit, which is located in the southern part of the Honghe ore-forming zone, Yunnan Province, China, belongs to a typical ore field where volcanic rocks are of wide distribution and are associated with Cu mineralization in time and space. The volcanic rocks in the ore field, which have experienced varying degree of alteration or regional metamorphism, can be divided into three types, i.e., meta-andesite, meta-subvolcanic rock and meta-basic volcanic rock in accordance with their mineral assemblages. These three types of volcanic rocks in the ore field are relatively rich in Na and the main samples plot in the area of alkali basalts in the geochemical classification diagram. With the exception of very few elements, these three types of volcanic rocks are similar in the content of trace elements. In comparison to the basalts of different tectonic settings, the meta-volcanic rocks in the ore field are rich in high field strength elements (HFSE) such as Th, Nb, etc. and depleted in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) such as Sr, Ba, etc. and their primary mantle-normalized trace element patterns show remarkable negative Th and Nb anomalies and negative Sr and Ba anomalies. These three types of volcanic rocks are similar in REE content range and chondrite-normalized REE patterns with the exception of Eu anomaly. Various lines of evidence show that these three types of volcanic rocks in the ore field have the same source but are the products of different stages of magmatic evolution, their original magma is a product of partial melting of the metasomatically enriched mantle in the tensional tectonic setting within the continent plate, and the crystallization differentiation plays an important role in the process of magmatic evolution.     

滇东北矿集区茂租铅锌矿床热液白云石稀土元素特征

茂租铅锌矿床位于扬子地台西南缘,是滇东北矿集区内的一个大型矿床,矿体呈似层状产于震旦系灯影组白云岩中。矿石矿物以闪锌矿为主,次为方铅矿。脉石矿物主要为白云石、萤石和方解石。矿床的矿化蚀变分带明显,从围岩到矿体,矿化蚀变分带分别为:斑点状白云石化带、脉状白云石化带、星点状矿化带、细脉浸染状矿化带和矿体。白云石是该矿床的重要脉石矿物,除了震旦系灯影组的微晶-细晶白云石外,与成矿热液活动有关的白云石主要有斑点状白云石、脉状白云石和团块状白云石。文章对茂租铅锌矿床3种热液白云石及围岩灯影组白云岩的稀土元素地球化学特征进行了对比研究。结果表明:3种热液白云石与灯影组白云岩的稀土元素配分模式比较接近,总体上具有稀土元素总量低、轻稀土元素富集和Ce元素负异常的特征,这些相似的稀土元素特征表明3种蚀变白云石与围岩之间存在着成因联系。灯影组白云岩ΣREE含量较低,具有Eu元素负异常,而脉状和团块状热液白云石具有明显的Eu元素正异常,反映了存在较高温度的流体活动,热液蚀变白云岩是由高温热液流体形成。斑点状热液白云石Eu元素异常不太明显,可能是由于蚀变强度较弱,继承了原岩Eu元素负异常的特征。团块状白云石ΣREE和w(Y)、w(Sm)较高,表明有其他REE富集流体的加入。3种热液白云石是由高温流体形成,流体主要来源于地层,并有其他富含REE流体加入。     

云南南角河银多金属矿床同位素地球化学研究

云南南角河银多金属矿床石英包裹体的均一温度为100~148℃,δD_H2O值为-91.9‰~-69.0‰,δ¹⁸O_H2O值为-15.60‰~-5.66‰,成矿流体主要来源于古大气降水,可能也混入少量岩浆水。矿石中δ³⁴S值分布范围为-2.18‰~5.95‰,平均为2.15‰,偏离陨石硫的范围,而与基性岩类硫非常接近,矿石硫来源于深源热液流体。临沧花岗岩体铅同位素组成反映其来源的不均匀性和复杂性,包含有上地壳、下地壳及上地幔等组分。矿石铅同位素组成主要落入Zartman和Doe的铅构造模式造山带演化线附近及其上方,表明其来源为壳幔混合铅。矿石铅与临沧花岗岩体铅的对比显示,矿石铅组成由临沧花岗岩体混染澜沧群变质岩构成。     

赣中下桐岭钨矿辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

下桐岭钨多金属矿床位于赣中武功山地区分宜县,以花岗岩体内外的网脉型钨钼铋矿化为主,同时发育少量大脉型矿体.文章通过对该矿床成矿期形成的6件辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得其等时线年龄为(152.0±3.3) Ma (MSWD=2.4),模式年龄加权平均值为(150.6±1.3) Ma (MSWD=1.4),二者...