ISO-SWS Spectra of AGB Stars

In this contribution, we present a few highlights of the guaranteed time program to observe AGB stars with differing chemical compositions and mass loss rates using ISO¹ SWS. We briefly discuss C₂H₂ absorption in C-stars and O-rich stars with the 13 μm dust emission. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spectroscopic Study of Carbon Stars with the ISO-SWS

We have observed ten carbon stars with different mass-loss rates using the Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) on board ISO. We found that not only the spectral energy distribution and the dust features, but that also that the strength and/or shape of molecular absorption features in the infrared spectrum varies with the near-infrared color temperature, i.e. with the thickness of the circumstellar envelope. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

ISO-SWS Spectra of OH/IR Stars

We present the spectra of 5 OH/IR stars observed with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The spectra are dominated by dust features, both in the amorphous and crystalline state and illustrate the influence of the mass loss rate on the observed spectral features. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

ISO-SWS Observations of NGC 1068

We present a first analysis of 2.4-45μm spectra of NGC 1068 obtained with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer SWS on board the Infrared Space Observatory ISO. The measured fine-structure line fluxes can be fit successfully by a simple photoionization model invoking an EUV bump in the ionizing continuum, similar to the case of the Circinus galaxy. Difference are observed between the [OIV] 26μm NLR line profile and optical NLR line profiles which may indicate significant extinction to part of the NLR. We detect pure rotational transitions of molecular hydrogen that must be emitted by molecular gas spanning a wide range of temperatures. The unusual strength of the fundamental S(0) 28μm rotational transition is evidence for a large (> 1.5 × 109 M⊙) gas mass at temperatures nea r 100 K. Either most of the gas in the circumnuclear region of NGC 1068 is warm or previous molecular mass estimates based on CO observations were too low. Strong mid-infrared continuum from the circumnuclear warm dust is prominent in our spectrum. The weak PAH emission detected at the edges of the 9.7μm silicate absorption should be considered in interpretations of the silicate feature. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Infrared Study of T Tauri Stars Based on IRAS and 2MASS Observations

The IRAS and 2MASS associations for 193 T Tauri stars are identified in this paper. From the color–color diagrams and spectral index, it is found that the IR excesses for most samples are due to thermal emission from the circumstellar material, as suggested previously. It is also found that the IR excesses at IRAS region for few T Tauri stars and the near-IR excesses for some T Tauri stars are likely attributed to free-free emission or free-bound emission from the circumstellar ionized gas. Moreover, It is found in deredened J–H versus H–K color–color diagram that there is a slight separation in different spectral groups. The T Tauri stars locus equation in J–H versus H–K color–color diagram for our sample is also presented.     

The ISO-SWS Spectrum of IRAS 03313 6058-an Extreme C-rich star

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩＲＡＳ 0 331 3 6 0 5 8ｗａｓｃｌａｓｓｉｆｉｅｄａｓａｃａｎｄｉｄａｔｅｅｘｔｒｅｍｅｃａｒｂｏｎｓｔａｒｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｓｉｍｉｌａｒｉｔｙｏｆｉｔｓＩＲＡＳＬＲＳｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍｔｏｔｈｏｓｅｏｆＡＦＧＬ 30 6 8ａｎｄＩＲＣ 1 0 2 1 6 (Ｖｏｌｋｅｔａｌ.1 992 ) .ＩｔｈａｓｎｏｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｐａｒｔｉｎｔｈｅＰＯＳＳｐｌａｔｅｓ (Ｊｉａｎｇ＆Ｈｕ 1 992 ) .Ｉｎｔｈｅｎｅａｒｉｎｆｒａｒｅｄ ,ｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｗａｓｄｅｔｅｃｔｅｄａｔＫ =1 5 6…     

Herbig Ae/Be Stars with the IRAS Low-Resolution Spectra

IRAS low-resolution spectra are presented for 36 HAEBE stars. It is found that silicate dust is common material in the circumstellar disks or/and shells of HAEBE stars. It is also found that the PAH feature often appears as well. In addition, the correlation between the dust features and spectral type, and infrared excesses can be found for most HAEBE stars. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Using Artificial Intelligence techniques to classify IRAS LRS spectra of evolved stars

The IRAS Low Resolution Spectrometer (LRS) covered the spectral region from 7µm to 23µm, and an Atlas was produced containing 5425 spectra. Most of the spectra were associated with evolved stars, including over 3000 spectra from the dust shells around O-rich stars. When Artificial Intelligence techniques were applied to the dataset, a new classification was derived. A scheme with 77 classes, grouped into 9 metaclasses, resulted, and for those types of spectra which were well represented in the initial dataset (i.e. the evolved stars) a very subtle classification was derived, often using line shapes, relative line strengths, or the presence of additional weak features.     

ISO-SWS Observations of the Time Variability of Oxygen-righ Mira Variables

We present the first observation of variation of the infrared spectrum of circumstellar dust emission around an oxygen-rich Mira variable star, Z Cyg, over an entire light variation cycle, based on the periodic SWS01 observations. The 10 μm and 20 μm ‘silicate features’ become stronger relative to the photospheric emission at maximum that at minimum. In addition, the relative intensity of the 10 μm to the 20 μm features increases at maximum, indicating an increase of the temperature of circumstellar dust grain. A simple model analysis suggests enhanced dust formation near the photosphere around maximum, leading to a scenario that dust nucleation may have occurred near minimum and the dust grains may have subsequently grown till maximum. The strong observed variation suggests that the variability must be taken into account in the interpretation of the infrared spectra of oxygen-rich Mira variables. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Newly Identified Silicate Carbon Stars from IRAS Low-Resolution Spectra

The discovery of silicate carbon star poses a challenge to the theory of stellar evolution in the late stage, hence it is important to look for more silicate carbon stars. To this end we have carried out cross-identifications between the new IRAS Low-Resolution Spectrum (LRS) database and the new carbon star catalog, CGCS3. We have found nine new silicate carbon stars with silicate features around 10μm and/or 18μm. These newly identified stars are located in the Regions IIIa and VII in the IRAS two-color diagram, which means they indeed have typical far infrared colors of silicate carbon stars. The infrared properties of each of these sources are discussed.     

ISO Observations of Symbiotic Stars

A number of symbiotic stars have been observed with ISO. In addition to a number of emission lines, SWS observations of the symbiotic novae RR Tel and V1016 Cyg reveal prominent, broad 10 & 18 μm silicate dust features. The 10 μm features are similar to the crystalline silicate profiles seen in classical novae. There is some evidence that the silicate brightness in V1016 Cyg varies with Mira-component phase. However, the silicate feature in RR Tel also showed some variation even though observations were made at very similar Mira-component phases. PHT observations of S-type symbiotic stars show the IR emission to be dominated by the red-giant component. However, an excess in the PHT-P filters from 10 to 15 μm is evident in all the stars, and there may be a broad 3.2 μm absorption feature or a broad 3.8 μm emission feature. At this time we have no adequate physical explanations for any of these features. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Isophot Mapping Observations of Carbon Stars

Mapping observations have been made toward five carbon stars in the far-infrared using ISOPHOT, an imaging photo-polarimeter on board the Infrared Space Observatory. Cold, very extended dust shells are clearly revealed in two of them. Y CVn is surrounded by a very extended, detached dust shell, which indicates a sudden decline of the mass-loss by two orders of magnitude in the last (1-2) × 104 years on a short time scale. The Hipparcos parallax reinforces our previous conclusion that Y CVn is a J-type carbon star on the asymptotic giant branch. U Ant shows a double shell structure, a compact dust shell surrounded by a very extended one. The outer shell has a brightness comparable to the dust shell of Y CVn. The structure indicates that there were two different high mass-loss phases separated by a period with a much lower mass-loss rate in between the two. The structure is consistent with the double dust shell proposed for this star by Izumiura et al. (1997) based on a detailed investigation of IRAS survey data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

26颗亮射电星的观测结果

本文给出了用云南天文台Ⅱ型光电等高仪从1986年10月至1990年12月观测得到的26颗亮射电星的位置改正。     

Observations of Ultraluminous IRAS Galaxies at 20cm

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FUSE Observations of EC14026 Stars

We present a FUSE abundance analysis of EC14026 stars. We compare the abundances of heavy elements in the atmospheres of EC14026 stars to non-pulsating stars with similar atmospheric parameters, and investigate whether weak stellar winds could explain the coexistence of variable and non-variable sdB stars in the log g – T_eff diagram. We also present preliminary results on time-dependent diffusion calculations of iron in presence of radiative levitation and mass loss, and show how weak stellar winds can affect the diffusive equilibrium between gravitational settling and radiative support.