Characteristics of suspended sediment in the upper rhone river,switzerland, including the particulate forms of phosphorus

Six stations along the Upper Rhone River above Lake Geneva were sampled by continuous flow centrifuge for recovery of suspended sediment. The samples were taken four times, once in 1982 and three times in 1983. In addition the mouth of the river was sampled in a like manner every two weeks during 1982 until August 1983. Samples were analysed for the major elements SiO₂, Al₂O₃, K₂O, MgO, Na₂O, CaO, and Fe₂O₃; for trace elements, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn, and Cr; for Org. C and Kjeldahl N; and the forms of phosphorus bound as Organic P (OP), Apatite P (AP), and Non Apatite Inorganic P (NAIP). The major elements and trace metals confirmed that there is virtually no change in the major geochemical characteristics of the suspended solids in the Rhone, spatially or temporally, indicating that this river is a well-mixed sedimentary system. AP also remained consistent in concentration throughout the year. Sediment recovered during the winter low flow, low turbidity period has been designated SED 1 whereas sediment from the high flow, high turbidity summer condition of the river has been designated SED 2. Org C, OP, and NAIP show a dramatic decrease in concentration from SED 1 to SED 2. The decline is ascribed to dilution of a relatively constant supply of organic matter and phosphorus derived mainly from point source sewage treatment plants to the Rhone. This results in variable partitioning of the OP/NAIP and Org C under the different turbidity condition in the river between winter and summer. This interpretation is confirmed by a low and consistent C-N ratio which except for March remains below 10. Higher values in March may be indicative of soil erosion during spring melt in the agricultural lands of the Rhone Valley. The estimated proportion of particulate bio-available phosphorus is 14 per cent for SED 1 and 7 per cent for SED 2. These low values would suggest that there would be no observable direct effect on the primary production of the receiving waters of Lake Geneva, which would thus respond only to the cumulative loading of phosphorus from the Rhone River.     

Dry deposition and particle-size distribution of phosphorus in the marine atmosphere over the northeastern coast of Taiwan

This study is the first to measure the particulate phosphorus, including total inorganic phosphorus (TIP) and organic phosphorus (OP), in size-fractionated atmospheric particles. The results indicate that continental and marine sources are the key controls on the particle-size distribution of phosphorus species. For continental and local anthropogenic sources, both TIP and OP are associated with fine-mode aerosols during the winter and spring, and both are also associated with coarse particles during the summer and autumn. The coarse/fine ratios are low during periods with a non-oceanic source but high at other times, probably because of the biological growing season in the surface waters of the study area. The calculated annual fluxes based on estimates of dual-mode particles are 532±185, 435±172, and 96.8±48.8 μmol m⁻² yr⁻¹ for TP, TIP, and OP, respectively. Based on previously published solubility data for particulate phosphorus (34%), we calculated an annual flux of 180±63 μmol m⁻² yr⁻¹ for readily soluble particulate phosphorus.     

长江中下游湖泊沉积物生物可利用磷分布特征

利用化学提取方法对太湖6个样点,巢湖4个样点和龙感湖3个样点的表层沉积物和沉积物柱样进行了生物可利用磷(BAP)测定．北太湖表层沉积物的平均含量为259．5mg／kg,而西部湖区平均含量为114 6mg／kg,湖心区平均含量为40．6 mg/kg,而东太湖平均含量为50．7 mg／kg,呈显著北高南低的特点．巢湖西部湖区表层沉积物的BAP平均含量为 254．2 mg／kg,而东部湖区BAP含量降低为101．9mg／kg．龙感湖表层沉积物BAP平均含量为67．8 mg／kg．显著表明污染程度较高的湖区沉积物的BAP相应较高．BAP在沉积物中随深度呈指数降低,显示生物可利用磷在沉积作用下向稳定的非活性磷转化．夏季沉积物中的BAP由于生物活性的增强向溶解态活性磷转化过程增强,显示为较低的BAP含量．BAP 含量与水体溶解态活性磷呈正相关关系,且该相关性在BAP含量较低的样点好于高BAP的样点．     

鄱阳湖流域赣江(南昌段)沉积物磷赋存形态特征及释放风险分析

本研究采用化学连续提取法,分析赣江南昌段表层沉积物磷赋存形态特征及其生物有效性,并通过等温吸附实验探讨了沉积物磷释放风险。结果显示:赣江南昌段表层沉积物总磷(TP)含量范围为235.21~702.24 mg/kg,均值为522.93 mg/kg,具有较高的空间异质性。所有采样点位中无机磷(IP)均以闭蓄态磷(Oc-P)为主要赋存形态,各形态无机磷含量特征表现为:Oc-P>铁结合态磷(Fe-P)> 碎屑钙磷(De-P)> 自生钙磷(ACa-P)> 可交换态磷(Ex-P)> 铝结合态磷(Al-P);有机磷(OP)以残渣态有机磷(Res-P_o)为主要赋存形态,按活性划分表现为:非活性有机磷(NOP)> 中活性有机磷(MLOP)> 活性有机磷(LOP)。生物有效磷(BAP)含量范围为61.59~218.27 mg/kg,占TP含量的比例为27.07%。BAP总量及占TP的比例均处于较低水平,沉积物内源磷释放风险较低。BAP中Fe-P平均占比为56.72%,表明沉积物磷潜在释放风险主要来源于Fe-P。TP、Fe-P和De-P之间均存在显著相关关系,表明外源输入可能是赣江沉积物磷的主要来源。采样期间赣江南昌段沉积物磷平衡浓度(EPC₀)高于上覆水溶解性活性磷(SRP)浓度,磷吸附饱和度(DPS)均低于沉积物磷大量流失的临界值25%,表明此阶段沉积物磷虽作为上覆水的“磷源”,但出现大量释磷的可能性不高。因此,沉积物内源磷释放引起赣江水体富营养化的风险不高,这意味着赣江水体应更多关注外源输入问题。本研究结果为赣江南昌段水环境的科学管理提供了数据支撑和科学依据。     

三峡水库香溪河库湾拟多甲藻(Peridiniopsis)的昼夜垂直迁移行为对碳磷分布的响应

于2015年2月26-27日在香溪河库湾高岚河段拟多甲藻(Peridiniopsis)水华发生地昼夜监测其在水体中的垂直迁移,分别在6个时间段(8:00、12:00、16:00、20:00、0:00、4:00)分层取样分析拟多甲藻在水中的叶绿素a浓度、细胞密度、碳酸酐酶(CA)与碱性磷酸酶(AP)活性;分析总磷(TP)、溶解性总磷(DTP)、溶解性反应磷(SRP)与溶解性有机磷(DOP)浓度在水中的垂直分布.结果显示,水华发生期拟多甲藻为绝对优势种,监测的6个时段中,拟多甲藻呈显著的昼夜垂直迁移规律,正午12:00,表层细胞密度最大,可达5.2×10~6cells/L,凌晨0:00表层细胞密度最低,仅为0.4×10~6cells/L;TP与DTP浓度无垂直分布规律,但SRP与DOP浓度呈现显著的垂直分布规律,SRP浓度随水深增加而减小,DOP浓度随水深增加而增加;CA活性日间高于夜间,日间CA活性呈垂直分布规律,随水深增加而减小,但夜间无垂直分布规律;AP活性在水中昼夜呈极其显著的垂直分布规律,随着水深增加逐渐增加.相关性分析结果表明,拟多甲藻细胞密度与水深、DOP浓度呈极显著负相关,水深与CA和AP活性分别呈极其显著负相关与正相关,拟多甲藻细胞密度与CA和AP浓度分别呈极其显著正相关与负相关.因此,拟多甲藻的垂直迁移行为可能是对日间迁移至表层获取光能和无机碳来源、夜间迁移至水下获取磷源的一种适应.     

The effect of drawdown on suspended solids and phosphorus export from Columbia Lake,Waterloo, Canada

This study examines the effect of drawdown on the timing and magnitude of suspended solids and associated phosphorus export from a 12 ha reservoir located in an urbanized watershed in southern Ontario, Canada. Water level in Columbia Lake was lowered by 1·15 m over a 2‐week period in November 2001. The total phosphorus (TP) concentrations ranged from 63 to 486 µg L^?1 in Columbia Lake and 71 to 373 µg L^?1 at its outflow. All samples exceeded the Provincial Water Quality Objective of 30 µg TP L^?1. Outflow concentrations of suspended solids and TP increased significantly with decreasing lake level and were attributed to the resuspension of cohesive bottom sediments that occurred at a critical threshold lake level (0·65 m below summer level). Suspended solids at the outflow consisted of flocculated cohesive materials with a median diameter (D₅₀) of c. 5 µm. Particulate organic carbon accounted for 8·5% of the suspended solids export by mass. A total mass of 18·5 t of suspended solids and 62·6 kg TP was exported from Columbia Lake, which represents a significant pulse of sediment‐associated P to downstream environments each autumn during drawdown. The downstream impacts of this release can be minimized if the water level in Columbia Lake is lowered no more than 0·5 m below summer levels. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

煅烧改性净水厂污泥对底泥内源磷释放的控制效果

以自主研发的煅烧改性净水厂污泥（C-WTPS）作为污染底泥活性覆盖材料,室内静态模拟实验研究C-WTPS覆盖强度对控制底泥磷释放效果的影响,分析C-WTPS和底泥中不同形态磷含量变化,探讨C-WTPS薄层覆盖对上覆水体中pH、DO和ORP的影响.结果表明,实验历时40天,在底泥TP释放强度为6.25~10.87 mg/（m²·d）时,覆盖强度为0.25、0.50、1.00、1.50和2.00 kg/m²的C-WTPS对TP平均削减率分别为59.68%、75.71%、88.75%、92.42%和96.28%,可见覆盖强度为1.00 kg/m²以上的C-WTPS能控制底泥中90%以上TP释放.C-WTPS吸附的磷主要以无机磷（IP）中的铁铝结合态磷（NAIP）形式存在,有机磷（OP）和钙磷（AP）形式较少.C-WTPS促进了底泥中易释放形态磷迁移到C-WTPS中,并转化较为稳定的形态磷,可见C-WTP覆盖不仅控制了底泥磷释放,而且也削减了底泥磷释放风险.C-WTPS覆盖后,上覆水体中pH开始呈现下降趋势,最终维持在pH=7范围波动;C-WTPS覆盖强度越大,上覆水体pH下降也明显;C-WTPS覆盖改善上覆水体中DO和ORP环境的效果不明显.     

Estimation on dynamic release of phosphorus from wind-induced suspended particulate matter in Lake Taihu

The internal source, especially resuspension process of the sediments in lakes and its environ- mental effect has been paid shining attention in the West as well as in China[1—6] although the influence of external source is important to water environment[7]. S鴑dergaard et al. compared the releases of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the surface sediments of Lake Arres before and after disturbance and they found that disturbing can increase the release by 20—30 times[3]. Robarts and ot…     

Experimental study on phosphorus release from sediments of shallow lake in wave flume

Influence of wave on sediment resuspension and nutrients release from sediments, collected from Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, was studied in flume experiments. Under strong-wave conditions, concentrations of suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) in overlying water were increased significantly following the sediments re-suspension. During the experiments on sediments of Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, TP concentrations increased 6 times and 3 times, and DTP concentration increased 100% and 70% more than it in presuspension, respectively. Concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) of experiment on sediment of Lake Taihu increased 25%. During the massive sediment suspension, the dissolved phosphorus in pore water and much of the phosphorus adsorbed by the sediment particles were released into overlying water. The phenomena in this wave flume experiment are quite similar to the situation observed in situ of Lake Taihu. The critical wave stresses of sediment re-suspension are nearly equal. The change of concentrations of SS, TP, and SRP was the same as that in situ situation. This study showed that concentrations of TP and SRP in lake water could be increased significantly by wave disturbance. Phosphorus release was significantly enhanced by wave disturbance at the beginning of massive sediment re-suspension, but decreased later.     

Does quantifying antecedent flow conditions improve stream phosphorus export estimation?

A reliable and economical method for the estimation of nutrient export (e.g. phosphorus) in stream flow from catchments is necessary to quantify the impact of land use or land use change upon aquatic systems. The transport of phosphorus (P) from soil to water is known to impact negatively on water quality. A key observation from studies is that most P export occurs during high stream flow. However, it is not yet clear how flood-antecedent conditions affect the P export during flood events. In this study, the P loss from soil to water as represented by soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in stream waters from three different catchments, varying in land use, scale and location in Ireland was monitored over 1 year. This study examined the role of antecedent stream flow conditions on SRP export and identifies a catchment-specific relationship between SRP flood event load (EL) and a flow ratio (FR). The FR is defined as the ratio of the flood event volume (EV) to the pre-event volume (PEV). The latter is the cumulative flow volume for a number of days preceding the event. This PEV period was found to be longer (average 81 days) in the grassland catchments which were known to be saturated with soil P than in the forested catchments (average 21 days) with minimal soil P. This FR ratio is a measure of the antecedent hydrological state (wet or dry) of the catchment. For SRP for each catchment, a specific relationship between SRP EL and FR was identified. The annual SRP export was estimated, using this ratio and compared with the concentration/discharge (C/Q) method. The new flow ratio method was used with data from 12 flood events during the year to estimate an annual export of SRP. For the two grassland catchments in the study, using the FR method, we estimated an SRP export of 1.77 and 0.41 kg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Using the C/Q method, for the same sites, our estimate of SRP export was 1.70 and 0.50 kg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ respectively. The C/Q method used SRP concentrations covering 40% of the year while the FR method used only 12 flood events covering less than 2% of the year. This new method which takes account of the antecedent flow state of the river is an alternative to and may be more promising than the traditional C/Q method, particularly when short duration or flood sampling of water quality is carried out.     

Variations in Phosphorus Speciation in Response to Simulated Riparian Zone Enhancement with Red Mud to Treat Reclaimed Water

Variations in phosphorus speciation in two sets of simulated riparian zones with and without Perennial ryegrass were compared. Each set consisted of four units, each measuring 700 mm × 200 mm × 200 mm, which were enhanced with 0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5% red mud (RM) by weight. The levels of total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in the effluent were analyzed, and phosphorus fractionation in the media were also determined after the systems had been operational for 3 months. The results showed that the unit received 2.5% RM had the highest rate of phosphorus removal, including TP, TDP, SRP, particulate phosphorus (PP), and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were present at the average concentrations of 0.17, 0.10, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.03 mg/L in the effluent. Sequential phosphorus fractionation showed that calcium‐bound phosphorus (Ca–P) was the major component, indicating that the addition of RM induced aluminum/iron‐bound phosphorus (Al/Fe–P), which was intensely bioactive, to form intractable Ca–P, which further inhibited the release of phosphorus from the media. However, the presence of P. ryegrass had little effect on the removal of phosphorus. Therefore, RM, when used directly in riparian zones at a suitable concentration, is a novel and low cost additive material that can be used to remove phosphorus from reclaimed water.     

Nutrient,heavy metal and organic pollutant composition of suspended and bed sediments in the Rhone River

The environmental quality of the Rhone River (Switzerland-France) has been assessed with a geochemical survey of the pollutants bound to suspended sediments. Ten samples were collected between Lake Geneva and the Mediterranean Sea in Nobember 1989 by continuous flow centrifugation and analysed for grain size distribution, carbonate, organic C, N, forms of particulate P, trace metals, and organic compounds (chlorobenzenes, organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs). Four bed sediment samples were also studied for comparative purposes. The suspended solids provide lower variance by parameter than the bed sediments and are clearly most suitable for synoptic monitoring.The Upper Rhone River carries a glacial derived sediment with a low nutrient content, the stretch from Geneva to Lyon provides a sediment dominated by carbonate, and in the Lower Rhone the organic matter and phosphorus are relatively increased, mainly due to wastewater effluents and to an industrial P source. High concentrations of metals and organic micropollutants downstream of Lyon indicate a multiple contamination in the Lower Rhone, whereas more specific inputs are located downstream of Geneva and Arles.The comparison with data from other polluted major systems, the Rhine, the Niagara and the Detroit rivers, shows on overall similarity confirming that the Rhone quality is degraded downstream of Lyon. The levels of particular concern are for Hg, DDT metabolites which reveal a recent release in the basin, PCBs with a likely high chlorine content, and PAHs.The statistical evaluation of the compositional variables indicates a limited number of well defined associations, suggesting that the contamination of the suspended sediments results from the combination of numerous and intermittent point and diffuse sources in the Rhone River basin.     

Wind-induced sediment resuspension as a potential factor sustaining eutrophication in large and shallow Lake Peipsi

Using sediment traps, we aimed to elucidate the temporal and spatial variations in sediment fluxes in large and shallow Lake Peipsi, over the May to October 2011 period, and analyze the factors behind those variations. The effects of weather factors (mean and maximum wind velocity, water level and water temperature) on sediment resuspension and the concentrations of suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and chlorophyll a (Chl a) were investigated. Moreover, the internal loading of TP due to sediment resuspension was determined. The sediment resuspension rates were significantly higher in the shallower waters than in the deeper parts of the lake. Resuspension was a major factor in sedimentation dynamics of the lake, which is presently subject to eutrophication. The rates of sediment resuspension followed the same pattern as gross sedimentation during the study period, and their respective values differed significantly between sampling dates. The highest resuspension rates were observed in September (mean 55.4 g dw m^?2 day^?1), when the impacts of wind events were particularly pronounced. Weather factors that were recorded approximately 2 weeks before water and sediment sampling affected the gross sedimentation and sediment resuspension. The water quality variables of SS, TP, SRP, Chl a were similarly affected. During the study, TP concentrations of the water were mainly determined by the resuspension of sediments containing a large pool of organic material. Although internal loading of TP due to resuspension was several times greater than external loading, external loading determines the amount of phosphorus that enters the lake and can be resuspended.     

垂向归纳模型下鄱阳湖丰、枯水期初级生产力特征及与环境因子相关性分析

于2014年1月(枯水期)、7月(丰水期)对鄱阳湖湖水进行采集,测定相应的理化参数、叶绿素a浓度和光合有效辐射,结合初级生产力垂向归纳模型估算浮游植物初级生产力,分析湖区初级生产力特征及与环境因子的相关性.结果表明,鄱阳湖枯水期浮游植物初级生产力波动范围为83.50~355.43 mg C/(m~3·d),平均值为193.33 mg C/(m~3·d),初级生产力空间分布特征主要受水体类型的影响,枯水期初级生产力与氮、磷营养盐浓度呈负相关,其中与铵态氮浓度呈显著负相关,枯水期不会出现营养盐限制现象;丰水期浮游植物初级生产力波动范围为113.80~1134.06 mg C/(m~3·d),平均值为412.12 mg C/(m~3·d),初级生产力空间分布主要受河流注入的影响,丰水期浮游植物初级生产力与总磷及悬浮物浓度呈显著正相关,由于悬浮物对浮游植物生长的促进作用大于抑制作用,鄱阳湖丰水期会出现磷营养盐的限制;鄱阳湖整体平均流速约为0.28 m/s,易于浮游植物的生长,南鄱阳湖平均流速约为0.21 m/s,而北鄱阳湖平均流速约为0.35 m/s,所以南鄱阳湖比北鄱阳湖更容易发生水体富营养化并暴发水华.     

东巢湖沉积物水界面氮、磷、氧迁移特征及意义

以东巢湖近城市湖湾沉积物为研究对象,在沉积物氮、磷营养盐分析的基础上,采用沉积物柱状芯样静态释放模拟法定量评估研究区域沉积物—水界面氨氮、溶解性活性磷酸盐营养盐释放潜力,利用微电极非损伤测定技术获得沉积物—水微界面溶解氧(DO)剖面分布及微界面DO消耗和扩散特征.结果表明:东巢湖近城市湖湾沉积物氮、磷污染物蓄积量较高,受TN、TP污染程度较重.沉积物内源氨氮、磷酸盐释放明显,平均释放速率分别达到32.44 mg/(m~2·d)和1.25mg/(m~2·d),区域内沉积物已成为水柱中氮、磷营养盐的污染源.研究区域上覆水体处于好氧状态,沉积物—水微界面平均DO穿透深度(OPD)达到5.3 mm,平均DO扩散通量为4.56 mmol/(m~2·d),表现出良好的DO扩散能力.沉积物内源氨氮和磷酸盐释放能力与表层沉积物TN/TP物质含量及沉积物—水微界面DO穿透深度有关,在沉积物氮、磷污染较重的情况下,DO穿透深度越低越有利于氮、磷污染物从沉积物向上覆水体释放.     

Experimental study on phosphorus release from sediments of shallow lake in wave flume

Influence of wave on sediment resuspension and nutrients release from sediments, collected from Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, was studied in flume experiments. Under strong-wave conditions, concentrations of suspended solids (SS), total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) in overlying water were increased significantly following the sediments re-suspension. During the experiments on sediments of Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, TP concentrations increased 6 times and 3 times, and DTP concentration increased 100% and 70% more than it in presuspension, respectively. Concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) of experiment on sediment of Lake Taihu increased 25%. During the massive sediment suspension, the dissolved phosphorus in pore water and much of the phosphorus adsorbed by the sediment particles were released into overlying water. The phenomena in this wave flume experiment are quite similar to the situation observed in situ of Lake Taihu. The critical wave stresses of sediment re-suspension are nearly equal. The change of concentrations of SS, TP, and SRP was the same as that in situ situation. This study showed that concentrations of TP and SRP in lake water could be increased significantly by wave disturbance. Phosphorus release was significantly enhanced by wave disturbance at the beginning of massive sediment re-suspension, but decreased later.     

Distinct export dynamics for dissolved and particulate phosphorus reveal independent transport mechanisms in an arable headwater catchment

This paper investigates particulate phosphorus (PP) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations at the outlet of a small (5 km²) intensively farmed catchment to identify seasonal variability of sources and transport pathways for these two phosphorus forms. The shape and direction of discharge‐concentration hystereses during floods were related to the hydrological conditions in the catchment during four hydrological periods. Both during flood events and on an annual basis, contrasting export dynamics highlighted a strong decoupling between SRP and PP export. During most flood events, discharge‐concentration hystereses for PP were clockwise, indicating mobilization of a source located within or near the stream channel. Seasonal variability of PP export was linked to the availability of stream sediments and the export capacity of the stream. In contrast, hysteresis shapes for SRP were anticlockwise, which suggests that SRP was transferred to the stream via subsurface flow. Groundwater rise in wetland soils was likely the cause of this transfer, through the hydrological connectivity it created between the stream and P‐rich soil horizons. SRP concentrations were the highest when the relative contribution of deep groundwater from the upland domain was low compared with wetland groundwater. Hence, soils from non‐fertilized riparian wetlands seemed to be the main source of SRP in the catchment. This conceptual model of P transfer with distinct hydrological controls for PP and SRP was valid throughout the year, except during spring storm events, during which PP and SRP exports were synchronized as a consequence of overland flow and erosion on hillslopes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

南四湖消落带底泥磷形态分布特征、影响因素及释放风险

南四湖是南水北调东线最大的调蓄湖泊,周期性水位涨落会形成大面积消落带,认知消落带底泥磷形态赋存特征、影响因素及释放潜能,对于保障东线调水水质具有重要的科学意义.本研究分析了南四湖消落带底泥磷形态分布特征,探讨了各形态磷与土地利用、母质类型及底泥理化因素之间的关系,评价了南四湖消落带底泥磷的污染程度并分析了其释放风险.结果发现,消落带底泥中总磷(TP)、无机磷(IP)、NaOH提取态磷(NaOH-P)、HCl提取态磷(HCl-P)和有机磷(OP)含量的平均值分别为745.37、510.51、50.42、460.09和234.86 mg/kg,以HCl-P为主的IP占比较高.南四湖消落带底泥各形态磷含量具有较高的空间异质性,TP、IP、OP、HCl-P和NaOH-P含量的变异系数分别为30.7%、36.9%、29.6%、37.6%和51.2%.自然湿地、乔木林地和水浇地等土地利用方式下的底泥NaOH-P、HCl-P、IP、OP和TP含量差异不显著.土壤类型对消落带底泥OP含量影响明显,但对TP、IP、NaOH-P和HCl-P含量则影响不大.NaOH-P含量与HCl-P含量具有显著正相关,与...