钾膨胀石墨层间化合物(K-EGIC_S)的电阻率测量

在低温惰性条件下合成的钾膨胀石墨层间化合物 (K_EGICS)的电学性能与膨胀石墨的电学性能完全相反 ,随着温度的升高 ,K_EGICS 的电阻率逐渐升高 ,电导率逐渐降低。这一现象是由客体材料钾自身的结构及其与膨胀石墨化合时的键性决定的。     

FeCl3膨胀石墨层间化合物制备及电导性能研究

在N2保护下用熔盐法合成了FeCl_3膨胀石墨层间化合物(简称FeCl_3-EGICs)。研究表明,在FeCl3过量、360℃、12h的条件下可得到纯一阶产物;460℃、12h为纯二阶。293K时,一阶FeCl3_EGICs的电导率为7.513×106S·m-1,二阶为6.87×106S·m-1,分别是原料膨胀石墨的3.7倍和3.4倍。在293K至分解温度范围内,FeCl3_EGICs具有金属电导特性,其电阻与温度间呈线性关系,随温度升高电阻增大,其机理为声子散射。     

层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿矿物晕的非常规探测方法

本文以层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿矿物晕的一般特征为依托，介绍几种层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿矿物晕的非常规探测方法。     

与层间氧化带有关的铀矿床的同位素—地球化学研究

本文提出了应用研究容矿岩石中铁的氧化物和氢氧化物的同位素成分的数据,来解决与层间氧化带有关的铀矿成因和预测－找矿任务的可能性;更为准确地说明了层间氧化带的形成条件,并查明了原生红色岩石和次生氧化岩石在同位素成分上的差别;证实了同位素氧的分带性与控矿后成分带性一致;测定了铀矿床的预测和找矿的同位素指标。     

浅谈应用钻孔岩心与地表土壤磁化率测量勘查层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的可能性

磁化率测量是勘查铀矿的一种可能方法。在实际工作中，有人观测钻孔岩心的磁化率，也有人测量土壤的磁化率，在有条件时还有人进行磁化率测井工作。     

元素活动态测量技术在勘查层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿中的应用—以新疆准噶尔盆地北部顶山地区为例

准噶尔盆地北部顶山地区粘土交换吸附相的铀，钼，硒活动态测量的结果表明：在0号勘探线ZK0012孔－ZK0016孔附近地段，存在明显的铀，钼活动态含量异常，据此可以预测该地段深部可能存砂隐伏的层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿体，铀矿体的走向为NW－SE向。     

地面氡法测量技术在普查层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿中应用的可行性探讨

本文依据层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿床的成矿特点以及铀镭平衡变化的特征,根据²¹⁸Po测量技术在已发现的该类型铀矿床上普查找矿的试验结果,讨论了地面氡法测量技术作为寻找层间氧化带型砂岩铀矿床的普查手段的可行性问题。     

沉积盆地中同生断层及对层控Pb—Zn（—Ba—Cu—Ag）矿床的控制

本文综述了同生断层控矿研究的进展，并结合在粤北地区的研究，论述了伸展及走滑盆地中同生断层的形成机制、特征和在盆地流体迁移和聚集中的作用以及与层控Ｐｂ－Ｚｎ（－Ｂａ－Ｃｕ－Ａｇ）等矿床的时空关系，认为沉积舅地中不同成因类型的层控矿床是盆地不同演化阶段的产物，成矿时空分异受同生断层和盆地流体系统的控制。     

N—间甲苯基—N‘—（对氨基苯磺酸钠）硫脲与铜的显色反应及应用

研究了新试剂N-间甲苯基-N'-(对氨基苯磺酸钠)硫脲(MMPT)与Cu2+的显色反应.结果表明,在pH 4.6～5.6的HAc-NaAc介质中,Cu2+与MMPT形成的配合物至少稳定5 h,其λmax=370 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.12×105 L.mol-1.cm-1.Cu2+的质量浓度在0.08～1.4 mg/L时符合比尔定律,相关系数r=0.9991.方法简便、快速,用于铅矿中铜的分析,测定结果与监控样推荐值相符,对w(Cu)=0.8%的试样测定6次,RSD=3.2%.     

Preparation and Structural Investigation of CuCl2 Graphite Intercalation Compounds

Superfine graphite powder was prepared by bali-milling exfoliated graphite containing anhydrous CuCl_2 in planetary ball milling systems.Nano-scale CuCl_2 graphite intercalation compounds were synthesized by heating a mixture of anhydrous CuCl_2 and graphite nanosheets. Scanning electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were performed to characterize the microstructures of stage-1 nano-scale CuCl_2 graphite intercalation compounds.The structure and components of the domain wall and core in the nano-scale CuCl_2 graphite intercalation compounds are described.The results show that the content of CuCl_2 in the mixture plays a crucial role in the size of the nano-scale CuCl_2 graphite intercalation compound.     

Preparation and Structural Investigation of CuCl2 Graphite Intercalation Compounds

Superfine graphite powder was prepared by ball-milling exfoliated graphite containing anhydrous CuCl2 in planetary ball milling systems. Nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compounds were synthesized by heating a mixture of anhydrous CuCl2 and graphite nanosheets. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were performed to characterize the microstructures of stage-1 nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compounds. The structure and components of the domain wall and core in the nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compounds are described. The results show that the content of CuCl2 in the mixture plays a crucial role in the size of the nano-scale CuCl2 graphite intercalation compound.     

The kinetics of oxygen exchange between the GeO4Al12(OH)24(OH2)12(aq) molecule and aqueous solutions

We report rates of oxygen exchange with bulk solution for an aqueous complex, ^IVGeO₄Al₁₂(OH)₂₄(OH₂)₁₂⁸⁺(aq) (GeAl₁₂), that is similar in structure to both the ^IVAlO₄Al₁₂(OH)₂₄(OH₂)₁₂⁷⁺(aq) (Al₁₃) and ^IVGaO₄Al₁₂(OH)₂₄(OH₂)₁₂⁷⁺(aq) (GaAl₁₂) molecules studied previously. All of these molecules have ε-Keggin-like structures, but in the GeAl₁₂ molecule, occupancy of the central tetrahedral metal site by Ge(IV) results in a molecular charge of +8, rather than +7, as in the Al₁₃ and GaAl₁₂. Rates of exchange between oxygen sites in this molecule and bulk solution were measured over a temperature range of 274.5 to 289.5 K and 2.95 < pH < 4.58 using ¹⁷O-NMR.Apparent rate parameters for exchange of the bound water molecules (η-OH₂) are k_ex²⁹⁸ = 200 (±100) s⁻¹, ΔH^‡ = 46 (±8) kJ · mol⁻¹, and ΔS^‡ = −46 (±24) J · mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ and are similar to those we measured previously for the GaAl₁₂ and Al₁₃ complexes. In contrast to the Al₁₃ and GaAl₁₂ molecules, we observe a small but significant pH dependence on rates of solvolysis that is not yet fully constrained and that indicates a contribution from the partly deprotonated GeAl₁₂ species.The two topologically distinct μ₂-OH sites in the GeAl₁₂ molecule exchange at greatly differing rates. The more labile set of μ₂-OH sites in the GeAl₁₂ molecule exchange at a rate that is faster than can be measured by the ¹⁷O-NMR isotopic-equilibration technique. The second set of μ₂-OH sites have rate parameters of k_ex²⁹⁸ = 6.6 (±0.2) · 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹, ΔH^‡ = 82 (±2) kJ · mol⁻¹, and ΔS^‡ = −29 (±7) J · mol⁻¹ · K⁻¹, corresponding to exchanges ≈40 and ≈1550 times, respectively, more rapid than the less labile μ₂-OH sites in the Al₁₃ and GaAl₁₂ molecules. We find evidence of nearly first-order pH dependence on the rate of exchange of this μ₂-OH site with bulk solution for the GeAl₁₂ molecule, which contrasts with Al₁₃ and GaAl₁₂ molecules.     

核磁共振横向弛豫时间T2谱与电阻率增大系数的关系

核磁共振横向弛豫时间T2谱、电阻率增大系数是油藏工程中很重要的参数,研究核磁共振横向弛豫时间T2谱与电阻率增大系数的关系对于利用核磁共振测井T2谱评价复杂储层具有较好的应用前景。基于分形理论,推导了核磁共振横向弛豫时间T2谱与电阻率增大系数关系的理论模型,并通过核磁共振与电阻率驱替联测实验进行了验证。研究表明:核磁共振横向弛豫时间T2谱与电阻率增大系数在一定润湿相饱和度范围内具有幂函数的关系;理论模型中系数α和β与岩样的孔隙结构有关,α和β越大,岩样的孔隙结构越好。     

Free energy of formation for green rust sodium sulphate (NaFe6Fe3(OH)18(SO4)2(s))

In a recent study, sulphate-bearing green rust (GR_SO4) was shown to incorporate Na⁺ in its structure (NaFe^II₆Fe^III₃(OH)₁₈(SO₄)_2(s); GR_Na,SO4). The compound was synthesised by aerial oxidation of Fe(OH)_2(s) in the presence of NaOH. This paper reports on its free energy of formation .Freshly synthesised GR_Na,SO4 was titrated with 0.5 M H₂SO₄ in an inert atmosphere at 25 °C, producing dissolved Fe²⁺ and magnetite or goethite. Solution concentrations, PHREEQC and the MINTEQ database were used to calculate reaction constants for the reactions:

     

K-H3OFe3(SO4)2(OH)6铁矾的XRD研究

根据X射线衍射(XRD)分析发现: A Fe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆(A=K⁺、H₃O⁺)系列铁钒的XRD数据十分相近,难以用XRD区别,需通过能谱(EDS)辅助分析,才能区分此类铁矾。另外,此类铁矾的003和107面网间距d随K⁺含量增大而增大,且呈一元三次方程的关系;而033和220面网间距d随K⁺含量增大而减小,呈一元二次方程的关系。对该现象从铁矾晶体结构方面进行解释:K⁺、H₃O⁺离子位于较大空隙中,且沿着Z轴方向排列,当K⁺、H₃O⁺离子之间相互替换时,会导致该铁矾晶体结构在Z轴方向有较明显的变化。     

Oxygen isotopic compositions of chondrules from the metal-rich chondrites Isheyevo (CH/CBb), MAC 02675 (CBb) and QUE 94627 (CBb)

It has been recently suggested that (1) CH chondrites and the CB_b/CH-like chondrite Isheyevo contain two populations of chondrules formed by different processes: (i) magnesian non-porphyritic (cryptocrystalline and barred) chondrules, which are similar to those in the CB chondrites and formed in an impact-generated plume of melt and gas resulted from large-scale asteroidal collision, and (ii) porphyritic chondrules formed by melting of solid precursors in the solar nebula. (2) Porphyritic chondrules in Isheyevo and CH chondrites are different from porphyritic chondrules in other carbonaceous chondrites ( [Krot et al., 2005], [Krot et al., 2008a] and [Krot et al., 2008b]). In order to test these hypotheses, we measured in situ oxygen isotopic compositions of porphyritic (magnesian, Type I and ferroan, Type II) and non-porphyritic (magnesian and ferroan cryptocrystalline) chondrules from Isheyevo and CB_b chondrites MAC 02675 and QUE 94627, paired with QUE 94611, using a Cameca ims-1280 ion microprobe.On a three-isotope oxygen diagram (δ¹⁷O vs. δ¹⁸O), compositions of chondrules measured follow approximately slope-1 line. Data for 19 magnesian cryptocrystalline chondrules from Isheyevo, 24 magnesian cryptocrystalline chondrules and 6 magnesian cryptocrystalline silicate inclusions inside chemically-zoned Fe,Ni-metal condensates from CB_b chondrites have nearly identical compositions: Δ¹⁷O = −2.2 ± 0.9‰, −2.3 ± 0.6‰ and −2.2 ± 1.0‰ (2σ), respectively. These observations and isotopically light magnesium compositions of cryptocrystalline magnesian chondrules in CB_b chondrites (Gounelle et al., 2007) are consistent with their single-stage origin, possibly as gas-melt condensates in an impact-generated plume. In contrast, Δ¹⁷O values for 11 Type I and 9 Type II chondrules from Isheyevo range from −5‰ to +4‰ and from −17‰ to +3‰, respectively. In contrast to typical chondrules from carbonaceous chondrites, seven out of 11 Type I chondrules from Isheyevo plot above the terrestrial fractionation line. We conclude that (i) porphyritic chondrules in Isheyevo belong to a unique population of objects, suggesting formation either in a different nebular region or at a different time than chondrules from other carbonaceous chondrites; (ii) Isheyevo, CB and CH chondrites are genetically related meteorites: they contain non-porphyritic chondrules produced during the same highly-energetic event, probably large-scale asteroidal collision; (iii) the differences in mineralogy, petrography, chemical and whole-rock oxygen isotopic compositions between CH and CB chondrites are due to various proportions of the nebular and the impact-produced materials.     

The kinetics of dissolution of zircon (ZrSiO4)

The dissolution of amorphous zircon obeys first order kinetics, and, over long periods of time decreases due to precipitation of new phases from solution. The dissolution reaction has an activation energy of 12.8 K cal/mole. Crystalline zircon has low solubility in aqueous solution and methods capable of detecting Zr and Si in solution at concentrations of the order of 0.001 ppb are needed to successfully evaluate the kinetics of dissolution of crystalline zircon.