悼念R.J.E.布朗博士

R.J.E.布朗博士是加拿大著名的冻土学家,在国际冻土学界享有盛名,是我国冻土科学工作者的好朋友。两年前的1980年11月,癌症夺去了他的生命,结识他的中国朋友无不感到悲痛,他的逝世对冻土科学的发展是莫大的损失。     

P.O.E.M在WAIHO河的应用

本文介绍的是依据毕托管原理设计的压力式电子测量仪在急涨急落、河床组成为卵石的Ｗａｉｈｏ河的流量测验。该测验系统测定垂线的流速分布，并将流速和水深数据贮存于数据记录仪。文中的结果是使用该仪器测验得到的。在测试期间记录到的流速超过５ｍ／ｓ，使用该系统测得的流量与常规转子式仪器比较没有差异。     

用E.D.T.A.(二鈉盐)法测定粘土中的鋁與钛

1956年我们曾采用了8—羟基喹啉定铅法代替重量法,使效率有了提高,质量也更趋稳定。但该方法仅能测定铝,至于粘土中的钛含量则需用过氧化氢比色法另行测定。为了满足地质要求,改变这种不经济的方法,经过试验,我们认为用“EDTA(二鈵盐)”法测定粘土中铝与钛的含量,是比较经济合理的。应用这种方法测定的铝钛含量,由于此时钛量是按铝的分子量计算,致使结果偏低,故必须根据具体矿区的化验分析统计,加一校正值,以保证结果正确可靠。     

Replies to Comment by K. Bratvedt,E. Bølviken,T. Gimse,H. Holden,L. Holden,and R. Knarud

Mathematical Geosciences -     

Pre-Cenozoic geology of the Latrobe Valley Area—onshore Gippsland Basin,S.E. Australia

In 2010–2011, a well on the uplifted northern edge of the Latrobe Valley (Yallourn North-1A) cored a 550 m section of mostly arenaceous sediments from the Lower Cretaceous Tyers River Subgroup. A follow-up core-hole (Yallourn Power-1) aimed at extending the Tyers River Subgroup section some 5 km south into the Latrobe Valley instead encountered Paleozoic basement rocks immediately below Cenozoic coal measures. From a re-examination of earlier coal and groundwater bore results, and new interpretations from gravity, seismic and magneto-telluric (MT) surveys, there is a significant area of Paleozoic basement rock that may underlie the whole northern Latrobe Valley area. The uplifted Yallourn North Lower Cretaceous sediments are a separate basin entity herein named the Monash trough. It appears they are separate from the main Lower Cretaceous Strzelecki Group Basin sediments on the southern side of the Latrobe Valley. Attributes of the Monash trough may underlie the main Strzelecki Basin, but this remains to be substantiated by further drilling. The intervening subcrop of Paleozoic basement rocks is herein named the Glengarry basement block. It shows characteristic gravity, MT and seismic features covering some 200 km² of the northern Latrobe Valley area. The boundary between the Glengarry basement block and Strzelecki Basin approximates to the Princes Highway. It is uncertain whether structural separation of the Monash trough from the main Strzelecki Basin always existed, or whether uplift and stripping of Cretaceous rocks over the Glengarry basement block occurred in post-Cretaceous but pre-Cenozoic times. Comparative rank and maturity indices indicate a greater depth of burial of the Glengarry basement block than what exists today, whereas less stripping and loss of section have occurred to the Monash trough. Cretaceous sediments of the Tyers River Subgroup (Rintouls Creek Formation, Tyers Conglomerate) in the Monash trough are dominated by mudstones, siltstones with lesser quartzose sandstones, conglomerates and thin coals. The sediments are over 300 m thick and are conformably overlain by 100 m of volcaniclastic sediments typical of the main Strzelecki Group, in turn overlain by nearly 100 m of Cenozoic coal measures. New detailed spore–pollen dating of Yallourn North-1A cores indicates that all Cretaceous sediments in the Monash trough are Barremian in age. This revises the traditional Neocomian age assigned to the formation. High total organic carbon levels in the 100 m-thick mudstones of the Locmany Member in the Rintouls Creek Formation constitute a mature petroleum source rock worthy of future hydrocarbon exploration.     

Glyptograptus? persculptus (Salter), its tectonic deformation,and its stratigraphic significance for the Carys Mills Formation of N.E. Maine,U.S.A.

The Carys Mills Formation of NE Maine represents the SW extension of the Matapedia Group and the White Head Formation of southern Gaspé, Quebec. This formation has yielded two main collections, one hitherto considered of Middle Ordovician age (zone 13 of Berry's 1960 Marathon, Texas, zonation) with 7 species referred to 4 genera, and one of the Early Silurian age. A revision of the supposed Middle Ordovician collections reveals that the graptolites are basal Silurian and consist of only one species, Glyptograptus? persculptus. Several hundred specimens, preserved both flattened and in three dimensions, the latter in iron pyrites, allow an analysis of both the rhabdosome changes wrought by diagenetic flattening and those caused by severe tectonic deformation. It is shown that those specimens lying parallel to the bedding plane lineation caused by a high-angle main cleavage have a silhouette appearance close to Glyptograptus tamariscus (Nicholson), whilst those at right angles to this direction superficially resemble robust Amplexograptus spp., or Diplograptus s.s., or Diplograptus s.l. spp., thus explaining the stratigraphic assignment of earlier workers. An analogue video reshaper confirms the above conclusions. This determination assigns the whole Carys Mills Formation to the Lower Silurian, but the possibility that part of the formation is of Late Ordovician age cannot be excluded. This much is suggested by the Matapedia Group and the White Head Formation which are of Late Ordovician to Early Silurian age, and the Honorat Group, which has yielded graptolites of late Middle Ordovician age.